Determining the resistance of X-pinch plasma

The current and the voltage of an X-pinch were measured. The inductance of the X-pinch was assumed to be a constant and estimated by the calculation of the magnetic field based on the well-known Biot-Savart's Law. The voltage of the inductance was calculated with L · di/dt and subtracted from the measured voltage of the X-pinch. Then, the resistance of the X-pinch was determined and the following results were obtained. At the start of the current flow the resistance of the exploding wires is several tens of Ohms, one order of magnitude, higher than the metallic resistance of the wires at room temperature, and then it falls quickly to about 1 , which reflects the physical processes occurring in the electrically exploding wires, i.e., a current transition from the highly resistive wire core to the highly conductive plasma. It was shown that the inductive contribution to the voltage of the X-pinch is less than the resistive contribution. For the wires we used, the wires' material and diameter have no strong influence on the resistance of the X-pinch, which may be explained by the fact that the current flows through the plasma rather than through the metallic wire itself. As a result, the current is almost equally divided between two parallel X-pinches even though the diameter and material of the wires used for these two X-pinches are significantly different.     

大亚湾表层沉积物中生源要素的季节分布及污染评价

2006年7月至2007年11月采集了大亚湾10个采样点春、夏、秋和冬4季表层沉积物样品,分析了沉积物中的生物硅(BSi)、有机碳(TOC)、总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)含量。结果表明:大亚湾生源要素含量与国内外港湾相比属于中等水平;春季BSi、TP的平均含量分别为1.09%、0.043%;夏季BSi、TOC、TN、TP的平均含量分别为1.21%、1.05%、0.37%、0.043%;秋季BSi、TP的平均含量分别为0.99%、0.038%;冬季BSi、TOC、TN、TP的平均含量分别为1.09%、0.84%、0.11%、0.039%。根据TN/TP和TOC/TN比值判断,大亚湾沉积物为磷限制;夏季TOC主要来源于水生有机碳,冬季为混合来源。夏季表层沉积物中BSi、TOC、TN和TP的平均含量均高于其他季节;其中夏季各站位TN的含量较冬季要高,反映了夏季较高的硅藻生产力以及较丰富的地表径流。大亚湾大部分采样点TOC和TN的污染基本属于Ⅱ类,TP属于Ⅰ类,可能对底栖生物群落具有一定毒害作用。     

GH4169高温合金锥形机匣旋压轮廓精度控制与研究

零件轮廓精度是旋压件成形质量评判标准之一.在Simufact有限元软件中进行GH4169高温合金锥形机匣的普通旋压仿真试验,观察到影响旋压件轮廓精度的常见缺陷:底部隆起、底部减薄、回弹.通过对照法对底部隆起进行尾顶块控制.采用单因素试验法探究成形过程中主要工艺参数(旋轮进给比、芯模转速、道次间距)对底部减薄和工件回弹量的影响规律,以最大底部减薄量和平均回弹角度为评价指标.结果表明:进给比对底部减薄影响最大,道次间距对回弹影响最大.综合对底部减薄和回弹的控制,针对试验件工艺参数应选择较大道次间距p=20 mm,较小旋轮进给比f=0.8 mm·r^-1或较大旋轮进给比f=1.6 mm·r^-1,较大的芯模转速n=500 r·min^-1.     

Scaling of rise time of drive current on development of magneto-Rayleigh–Taylor instabilities for single-shell Z-pinches

In fast Z-pinches,rise time of drive current plays an important role in development of magneto-Rayleigh–Taylor(MRT)instabilities.It is essential for applications of Z-pinch dynamic hohlraum(ZPDH),which could be used for driving inertial confinement fusion(ICF),to understand the scaling of rise time on MRTs.Therefore,a theoretical model for nonlinear development of MRTs is developed according to the numerical analysis.It is found from the model that the implosion distance L=r₀-r_mcdetermines the development of MRTs,where r₀is the initial radius and rmc is the position of the accelerating shell.The current rise timeτwould affect the MRT development because of its strong coupling with the r;.The amplitude of MRTs would increase with the rise time linearly if an implosion velocity is specified.The effects of the rise time on MRT,in addition,are studied by numerical simulation.The results are consistent with those of the theoretical model very well.Finally,the scaling of the rise time on amplitude of MRTs is obtained for a specified implosion velocity by the theoretical model and numerical simulations.     

多台阶涡轮轴三辊斜轧减径量对轧制过程的影响规律研究

运用Simufact有限元软件建立了三辊斜轧两道次成形多台阶涡轮轴的仿真模型, 通过数值模拟分析了涡轮轴成形情况, 探究了减径量对轧制过程中轧制力、等效应力-应变以及外圆度误差的影响规律. 结果表明: 随减径量的增大, 轧件第1道次和第2道次的径向载荷、等效应力、等效应变和外圆度误差均呈增大趋势. 综合比较3种方案下的轧件成形情况, 方案2为最佳的道次减径量分配方案, 即第1道次减径6mm, 第2道次各台阶减径量分别为2、9和14mm.     

楔横轧无料头辊剪制坯端部质量研究

为解决辊剪工艺中的端面堆料缺陷,实现楔横轧无料头轧制,运用DEFORM-3D软件建立了辊剪制坯的有限元模型,通过位移法阐明了辊剪过程中堆料缺陷的产生机理,并通过改变工艺参数和创新模具设计的方法来抑制堆料,提高坯料端面的成形质量.结果表明:在设备功耗范围内,堆料值随着轧辊旋转速度的减小而减小,随着进给速度的增大而降低;在模具外圆周处添加挡块能有效地消除堆料缺陷.该研究结果为完善辊剪制坯工艺,实现楔横轧无料头轧制提供了技术支持和理论依据.     

不定原点喷嘴射流中流体物理的实验研究

为了能够更好地了解不定源喷嘴（indeterminate origin nozzle）射流中的物理过程，本文应用平面激光诱导荧光技术对一个大尺度的水射流进行了实验研究。流场显示的实验结果表明不定源喷嘴在射流的剪切层引入了蘑菇形反向旋转的涡对。这些涡的矢量方向与射流方向相同或相反，被称为流向涡（streamwise vortex）。由于射流中存在开尔文一亥姆霍兹不稳定，每当一个横向涡（spanwisevortex，即涡的矢量方向与射流方向垂直）从喷嘴脱流时会产生瞬时的低压，该瞬时低压促使向内发展的流向涡对在喷嘴的凹槽处生成。这些涡对在向下游流动的过程中会重组并在喷嘴的尖峰面生成向外发展的涡对。这些流向涡极大地影响了射流的发展。流向涡与横向涡的相互作用促使射流更早地发展成为湍流。由于流向涡同时也在射流中引入了径向的剪切流动，因此导致了更多的湍流生成从而增强了射流与周围流体的混合。     

工艺参数对5CrNiMo18变截面锥形薄壁回转件强力旋压成形壁厚均匀性影响

锥形薄壁回转件大量应用于航空航天领域,变截面锥形回转件是其中难以成形的零件之一.本文基于Simufact.Forming仿真软件,对5Cr Ni Mo18不锈钢材料强力旋压成变截面锥形薄壁回转件的过程进行仿真模拟,分析芯模转速、旋轮进给比、摩擦系数3个主要工艺参数对锥形件的壁厚均匀性的影响.使用正交试验方法设置参数组合,用极差法分析试验数据,得出影响因素的主次及较优参数组合.研究表明:当芯模转速1 200 mm·min-1,旋轮进给比1 mm·r-1,摩擦系数0.15时,壁厚极差最小.旋轮进给比对壁厚极差影响最大,随着旋轮进给比增大,壁厚极差先增大后减小;芯模转速对壁厚极差影响次之,随着芯模转速增大,壁厚极差先减小后增大.研究结果为提高旋压成形航空机匣质量提供了理论基础.     

楔横轧42CrMo/Q235复合材料层合轴界面最大剪切应变的影响因素分析

对楔横轧42Cr Mo/Q235层合轴进行轧制实验和有限元分析,研究成形角、展宽角、断面收缩率、轧制温度对界面最大剪切应变的影响规律.结果表明:成形角、轧制温度对最大剪切应变影响不大,断面收缩率、展宽角对最大剪切应变影响较大;展宽角越大,界面两侧最大剪切应变差值越大;断面收缩率越大,界面两侧最大剪切应变差值越小.同时,在最大剪切应变变化不大的情况下,仍然有界面的结合与分离,因此,界面是否结合仅考虑最大剪应变是不充分的,还需综合考虑其他指标的影响.研究结果对楔横轧层合模具设计和揭示界面结合机制奠定了基础.     

关于变指数Morrey型空间中的粗糙核Marcinkiewicz积分算子（英文）

基于变指数和广义BMO范数理论,本文研究了具有粗糙核的Marcinkiewicz积分算子在变指数Morrey型空间中的有界性,本质推广了一些已知结果.