基于标准温度法的脉冲TIG焊电弧温度场计算与分析

脉冲TIG焊由于其优越的特性而广泛应用于工业中,准确测量电弧温度对分析焊接过程有重要意义。论文基于光谱学理论计算了氩元素的粒子数密度与温度之间的关系曲线,计算了794.8 nm氩原子谱线的发射系数与温度之间的关系曲线,利用高速摄影获得了794.8 nm特征谱的电弧图像,根据Abel变换和标准温度法计算了脉冲TIG焊峰值时刻和基值时刻的电弧温度场分布。     

大幅板爆炸焊接脱焊问题的数值模拟

为了解决大面积钛钢板爆炸焊接工程应用中复合板边界区的局部脱焊现象,利用动力非线性数值 模拟,考察了大幅板爆炸焊接的动态过程,通过分析爆焊过程中不同时刻复板飞行姿态,发现了在大幅板爆炸 焊接过程中存在褶皱变形,发生位置与实际工程中大幅板的脱焊位置一致,指出应特别注意复板的褶皱变形, 并解释了褶皱变形出现的原因,为爆炸焊接工艺技术的改进和发展提供了参考。     

钛/钢复合板爆炸焊接实验

以3mm 厚的TA2钛板和26mm 厚的正火态Q345R为材料,通过爆炸焊接实验,对钛/钢复合板 爆炸焊接的动态参数进行了研究。结合复合板结合界面特征、复合板结合强度(剪切强度)以及界面波的金相 组织,讨论了钛/钢爆炸焊接时获得高强度结合和规则的界面结合波状形态的条件。对于3mm 厚TA2与 26mm厚正火态Q345R,该条件是动态碰撞角17,动态碰撞速度vp760m/s。根据界面波及基板轧制 金相组织形态,分析了形成界面波的机理,认为射流阻碍复板连续碰撞基板是形成界面波的一个主要原因。     

Interfacial welding of dynamic covalent network polymers

Dynamic covalent network (or covalent adaptable network) polymers can rearrange their macromolecular chain network by bond exchange reactions (BERs) where an active unit replaces a unit in an existing bond to form a new bond. Such macromolecular events, when they occur in large amounts, can attribute to unusual properties that are not seen in conventional covalent network polymers, such as shape reforming and surface welding; the latter further enables the important attributes of material malleability and powder-based reprocessing. In this paper, a multiscale modeling framework is developed to study the surface welding of thermally induced dynamic covalent network polymers. At the macromolecular network level, a lattice model is developed to describe the chain density evolution across the interface and its connection to bulk stress relaxation due to BERs. The chain density evolution rule is then fed into a continuum level interfacial model that takes into account surface roughness and applied pressure to predict the effective elastic modulus and interfacial fracture energy of welded polymers. The model yields particularly accessible results where the moduli and interfacial strength of the welded samples as a function of temperature and pressure can be predicted with four parameters, three of which can be measured directly. The model identifies the dependency of surface welding efficiency on the applied thermal and mechanical fields: the pressure will affect the real contact area under the consideration of surface roughness of dynamic covalent network polymers; the chain density increment on the real contact area of interface is only dependent on the welding time and temperature. The modeling approach shows good agreement with experiments and can be extended to other types of dynamic covalent network polymers using different stimuli for BERs, such as light and moisture etc.     

爆速对爆炸焊接铝/不锈钢复合管界面及结合性能的影响

通过在粉状乳化炸药中添加不同比例的密度调节剂,配制了爆速范围为1 450~2 550 m/s的低爆速炸药;采用该爆速炸药进行了铝/不锈钢复合管爆炸焊接实验,结合最小碰撞速度理论,对实验结果及其界面微观结构和结合强度进行了测试和分析,确定该复合管爆炸焊接的合适爆速约为1 950~2 150 m/s,其结合质量能够满足后续加工要求;同时发现界面由介于直线与波形之间的波状形态组成,且呈现不太规则的扁平波状结合,经分析,炸药爆速、复合管的爆炸焊接环境和爆炸产物飞散条件对界面结合波形及熔化层厚度有很大影响。     

铝-铝爆炸焊接界面剪切行为与断口形貌关系研究

为了研究爆炸焊接界面的剪切损伤行为,本文对铝-铝复合材料开展剪切试验,并基于分形理论对试件剪切断口界面进行表征,尝试建立界面剪切强度与断口轮廓分维值及其多重分形谱关系。结果表明,焊接界面剪切强度随加载速率升高而降低,异于通常金属剪切行为;但从断口形貌及其轮廓分形维可认识界面剪切强度变化原因。此外,多重分形谱起点与终点间的高度差和跨度差值反映了界面的峰、谷落差及分布特征,是界面形貌特征的立体反映,并在数值上也与剪切强度正相关。     

电弧光谱信息在焊接质量检测上的应用研究

通过采集TIG,MIG焊接过程的光谱辐射信息,基于等离子体辐射的基础理论,对其焊接电弧辐射进行了分析,TIG焊与MIG焊的光谱分布由于气氛中金属元素浓度的差别,辐射强度和分布都存在较大差别：MIG焊不仅金属线谱数量多,辐射强度比TIG焊大,且随熔滴过渡波动明显。针对其光谱分布和变化特点,选择了特征谱段,用于焊接质量的检测;对于TIG焊选取线谱聚集的紫外区辐射(230～300 nm),对于MIG焊选取以连续辐射为主的可见光区辐射(570～590 nm),建立了不同焊接方法下,焊接电弧光谱信息在焊接质量检测上的应用理论基础。还进一步通过在焊接过程中预设干扰因素,采集焊接过程在特征谱段的信号,对选择谱段的试验验证表明：基于建立的理论基础,可以有效地利用焊接电弧光谱信息,对焊接质量及焊接过程干扰因素实现判识,特征谱段的信号具有很好的信噪比。     

Experimental and numerical study on formability of friction stir welded TWB sheets based on hemispherical dome stretch tests

In order to investigate formability performance and also to obtain guidelines for the stamping process design of friction stir welded TWB (tailor welded blank) sheets, the hemispherical dome stretching test was experimentally performed and the results of the base and friction stir welded samples were compared. Also, in order to better understand the experimental results, numerical analysis was performed. In this work, five automotive sheets, 6111-T4, 5083-H18, 5083-O aluminum alloy, dual-phase steel (DP590) and AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets were considered by (friction stir) welding the same materials. To represent mechanical properties for the numerical analysis, the non-quadratic orthotropic yield function, Yld2000-2d, was utilized for the aluminum alloy and DP590 sheets, while the Cazacu anisotropic/asymmetric yield function was applied for the AZ31 sheet considering different hardening behavior in tension and compression.     

各向异性复合材料的平面周期焊接问题

利用平面弹性复变方法和解析函数边值问题的基本理论,讨论不同材料的各向异性弹性半平面和弹性长条的周期焊接问题,并给出应力分布封闭形式的解。     

高密度封装倒装焊的新简化模型及疲劳寿命分析

高密度封装结构中存在大量焊球，在进行有限元建模时，考虑到焊球数量多且尺寸小的特点，需简化焊球层模型．本文针对高密度封装结构中倒装焊及底填胶，提出了一种新的简化模型，采用非重点部位简化和材料均匀化相结合的方法，将内部焊球层和底填胶简化为均匀层，只保留外圈几层焊球．通过建立代表性体积单元，计算得到均匀化层的材料参数．讨论了外层焊球圈数对焊球层危险点应力的影响，发现保留外圈两层焊球就能得到非常精确的结果．利用新简化模型计算了高密度封装结构的疲劳寿命，所获得的结果与未均匀化模型结果误差在0.3%以内．