道威棱镜的偏振特性及偏振补偿研究

为了避免机载光电吊舱中共口径光学系统内部由于道威棱镜旋转引起的激光照射脉冲偏振态的变化,利用琼斯矩阵对道威棱镜的偏振特性与四分之一波片、半波片补偿道威棱镜旋转引起的激光脉冲偏振态变化进行了理论分析和实验验证。结果表明:线偏振的激光脉冲通过旋转一定角度的道威棱镜时,激光脉冲偏振态变为椭圆偏振,偏振态发生变化;而激光脉冲首先通过旋转一定角度的四分之一波片与半波片时,可使通过道威棱镜系统的激光脉冲偏振态保持不变,且两波片旋转角度与道威棱镜旋转角度之间存在一种非线性关系。采用偏振补偿方法可有效避免机载共口径光学系统中道威棱镜引起的激光脉冲偏振态变化,提高激光脉冲能量利用率,降低激光脉冲后向散射抑制难度。     

Pulsed microwave-driven argon plasma jet with distinctive plume patterns resonantly excited by surface plasmon polaritons

Atmospheric lower-power pulsed microwave argon cold plasma jets are obtained by using coaxial transmission line resonators in ambient air.The plasma jet plumes are generated at the end of a metal wire placed in the middle of the dielectric tubes.The electromagnetic model analyses and simulation results suggest that the discharges are excited resonantly by the enhanced electric field of surface plasmon polaritons.Moreover,for conquering the defect of atmospheric argon filamentation discharges excited by 2.45-GHz of continued microwave,the distinctive patterns of the plasma jet plumes can be maintained by applying different gas flow rates of argon gas,frequencies of pulsed modulator,duty cycles of pulsed microwave,peak values of input microwave power,and even by using different materials of dielectric tubes.In addition,the emission spectrum,the plume temperature,and other plasma parameters are measured,which shows that the proposed pulsed microwave plasma jets can be adjusted for plasma biomedical applications.     

基于脉冲微反装置的Au/HZSM-5催化剂上正丁烷反应性能研究

以HZSM-5沸石分子筛为载体,尿素为沉淀剂,采用常压沉积-沉淀法和负压沉积-沉淀法制备了系列Au/HZSM-5沸石催化剂并采用常规催化剂表征方法对其进行了表征.用脉冲微反装置评价了纯正丁烷(99.9%)在氢型和金改性的纳米HZSM-5催化剂上的反应活性和烯烃选择性.结果表明,在550℃下,负压沉积-沉淀法制备的不同金负载量的纳米HZSM-5催化剂上的转化率和烯烃选择性都远高于常压沉积沉淀法制备的催化剂.改性量为2.0%的Au/HZSM-5-A(负压)催化剂正丁烷转化率达到了58.0%、烯烃选择性为57.2%.脱氢和脱甲基活化是正丁烷的重要活化方式,也是影响其烯烃选择性的主要因素.金改性在提高正丁烷转化率的同时,也促进了正丁烷的脱氢和脱甲基活化.纳米HZSM-5因晶粒度小,孔道短和微孔扩散阻力低而有利于正丁烷转化.负压有利于清除HZSM-5内部的无定型杂质和脱气净化处理,有利于金的负载量和分散度.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a New Pr(Ⅲ)–K(Ⅰ) Heterometallic Oxalate Coordination Polymer

A new 3D heterometallic coordination polymer, namely [K2Pr2(C2O4)4·H2O]n(1), has been successfully synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. X-ray single-crystal diffraction determination reveals that 1 crystallizes in monoclinic system, space group P21/n with a = 12.060(4), b = 8.493(3), c = 15.776(5)(A), β = 93.235(3)°, V = 1613.4(9) 3, Z = 4, Mr = 730.12, Dc = 3.006 Mg/m3, μ = 6.581 mm-1, F(000) = 1368, the final R = 0.0283 and w R = 0.0866 for 2939 observed reflections with I 2σ(I). Complex 1 features an unusual 3D heterometallic coordination framework, in which oxalates exhibit three different coordination behaviours. Moreover, powder X-ray diffraction and thermal properties for 1 have also been investigated.     

煤气化废渣基活性炭吸附对二甲苯动力学与热力学研究

本文以固体废弃物煤气化废渣(CGR)为原料,采用两阶段酸处理与CO_2活化制得煤气化废渣基活性炭(CGR-AC)。选用CGR-AC为吸附剂,系统考察了模拟精对苯二甲酸(PTA)精制工艺产生的含对二甲苯(PX)废水在不同温度下的吸附过程。结果表明,CGR-AC吸附PX的过程在热力学上符合Freundlich方程,且ΔH0,ΔG0,是一个自发的、吸热的物理吸附过程;在动力学上符合准二阶动力学模型,说明该吸附过程可能存在吸附剂与吸附质之间的电子共享与交换。     

用有限元法分析多波导耦合系统本征模的模式特性

本文应用有限元法(FEM),计算和分析了多波导耦合系统的本征模(超模)的模式特性及其变化规律,得到了强度均匀分布的基超模,克服了微扰理论计算这类问题的局限性.     

引力定律发现发展的基本特点

万有引力定律的发现,是17世纪自然科学最伟大的成果。该定律在其发现发展的过程中,体现了物理学研究的基本特点。 1 与数学密切相关 在开普勒提出了行星运动三定律,伽利略揭示了地球上物体不受阻挠时以匀速直线运动的基础上,十七八世纪许多科学家都想用力学解释天体运动的问题,想回答行星沿椭圆轨道运行的受力情况。为此,英     

斜波导喇曼振荡器

 采用斜波导的喇曼氢气池, 使泵浦激光束在波导内部传播, 增大了受激喇曼散射的作用区域。在传播过程中光束截面逐渐被压缩, 补偿因波导内壁的反射损耗而引起的功率密度下降。在一定气压范围内提高了喇曼转换的效率, 并利用波导对激光束的均匀作用, 使输出的一阶斯托克斯光光强的均匀性获得改善。     

Measuring Grüneisen Parameter of Lead by High Pressure-Jump Method

Using the technology of pressure jump, variations of temperature associated with pressure from 2.4 GPa to 4.6 GPa are measured for lead. The Grfuneisen parameter is calculated from the thermodynamic relation γ =（Ks/T）（aT/aP）s, in which substitution of △T/△P for aT/aP at median pressure is strictly justified. The correction of temperature change is carried out by analysing the experimental data, which makes the process more approaching to an adiabatic condition. The calculated values of △T/ △ P and γ gradually decrease with the increasing pressure. The decrease trend is consistent with the previous work. The γ values in the range of 2-3 GPa are averagely higher than the results of Ramakrishnan et al., indicating the effect of temperature correction. The improved method is promising for measurements of Grfineisen parameter to higher pressure range.     

Si-SiO_2界面的粗糙度

利用椭偏反射光谱不但验证了Si-SiO_2界面是一祖糙面,而且在恰当的模拟形貌下,把这界面粗糙层等效为若干子层,用有效介质理论处理。分别得到各自的介电特性。通过多相椭偏光反射光谱的理论计算值ψ_(cal),△_(cal)与实验值ψ_(exp),△_(exp)的比较,把粗糙的高度H及相关长度L确定,把不同条件下制备的样品的粗糙度和它们的电气性能相对比,发现两者之间的趋势十分一致。同时发现,在界面上Si的介电常数具有轻度的各向异性。