赣江沿岸植被及其生态对策

本文记叙了赣江沿岸的植被,同时提出了赣江存在的主要问题及其相应的生态对策,为赣江的治理提供科学依据。另外,对赣江的划分提出了新的观点。     

大气压射频等离子体化学气相沉积TiO2体系的发射光谱诊断

开展了大气压射频(RF)等离子体化学气相沉积(PCVD)TiO₂放电体系的发射光谱诊断研究, 分别考察了氧气分压、钛酸四异丙酯(TTIP)分压和输入功率对氧原子谱线相对强度、氩原子激发温度、OH振动温度以及转动温度的影响. 结果表明: 随着氧气分压的增加, 氧原子谱线相对强度先迅速增加至峰值后缓慢下降, OH振动温度缓慢增加, 而氩原子激发温度和OH转动温度基本不变. 随着TTIP 分压的增加, 氧原子谱线相对强度下降, 氩原子激发温度没有明显变化, 而OH振动温度和转动温度增加. 随着输入功率的增加, 氧原子谱线相对强度下降, 氩原子激发温度、OH振动温度和转动温度升高.     

脉冲电晕等离子体作用下甲烷偶联反应--Ⅰ.无氧气氛下

在常温常压下,对脉冲电晕等离子体应用于甲烷无氧气氛下脱氢偶联反应进行了研究．考察了脉冲电压极性和等离子体注入能量对甲烷脱氢偶联反应的影响,并引入能量效率对等离子体能量与甲烷脱氢偶联反应的耦合进行了讨论．结果表明,正电晕的能量效率高于负电晕．在正电晕条件下,当脉冲重复频率为 ６６ Ｈｚ和能量密度为 １７８８ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ时,甲烷转化率可达４４．６％, Ｃ_２烃单程收率可达３１．６％,其中乙炔单程收率达３０．１％．甲烷转化率与能量密度Ｐ／Ｆ的关系满足－ｌｎ（１—Ｘ）＝ｋ（Ｐ／Ｆ）．在实验考察的能量范围内,Ｃ_2烃收率与能量密度Ｐ／Ｆ呈顺变关系,但能量效率随能量密度的增加而降低．     

用冷等离子体技术制备TiO2/γ-Al2O3催化剂的方法

将冷等离子体与催化剂结合用于稳定分子(如甲烷)的活化与偶联反应,已取得初步的成效[1,2].尽管如此,就目前情况看,等离子体-催化协同作用的研究尚处于探索阶段.一方面对其作用机制的认识还停留在表象上,有关协同作用引起催化剂表面物理化学性质变化方面的信息几乎处于空白;另一方面存在这样的事实,即等离子体与催化剂对反应的协同作用与单纯催化作用机制存在明显的区别.     

海拔3220米水平宇宙线μ子强度和动量谱测量

在云南省海拔3220米高山上用G-M计数管描迹仪测量了天顶角78.4-90°范围、平均天顶角86.2°、动量大于2GeV/c的μ介子绝对强度为（9.2±1.0）·10^-5cm^-2·sr^-1·s^-1。配合磁云室测量了动量2.0-51GeV/c的μ子动量谱。     

Coupling of methane under pulse corona plasma (Ⅰ)——In the absence of oxygen

At normal temperature and pressure, pulse corona plasma was used as a new method for the dehydrogenative coupling of methane in the absence of oxygen. The effects of voltage polarity and input energy on the dehydrogenative coupling of methane were investigated. The parameter "energy efficiency" was introduced to examine the coupling of the input energy and the dehydrogenative coupling of methane. The experimental results show that positive corona gives higher energy efficiency than negative corona. When the positive corona was chosen, C2. yield per pass was 31.6% and acetylene yield per pass was 30.1% with 44.6% methane conversion at an input energy density of 1788kJ/mol and a pulse repetition frequency of 66Hz. The function of input energy density towards methane conversion may be expressed as a formula of -ln(1-X) = k (P/F). In the range of input energy employed, C2 yield is proportional to input energy density, but energy efficiency drops off with increasing input energy density.     

奇人伽莫夫与大爆炸和遗传密码

 ２０世纪,大爆炸理论和遗传密码可能是从根本上改变我们世界观的两大科学思想了．大爆炸理论研究宇宙如何产生和宇宙中的原始组分是如何形成的问题,而遗传密码则建立起生命物质形成和遗传特性传递的图谱。毫无疑问,这是两个风马牛不相及的问题,但非常有趣的是,这两个重大理论的最初思想却是由同一个人提出的,他就是俄罗斯人伽莫夫．伽莫夫是一位多姿多彩、孜孜以求、充满童气的物理学家,他于１９０４年生于敖德萨,此后移居彼得堡．１９２８年,伽莫夫证明了可用量子力学隧道来理解核α衰变,此后又证明反隧道可以发生,说明能量很高的质子可以穿透核垒．     

Beyond-thermal-equilibrium" conversion of methane to acetylene and hydrogen under pulsed corona discharge

At ambient temperature and pressure, C2H2 and H2 are the dominating products from pure methane conversion under pulsed corona discharge (PCD). When the energy density of 194-1788 kJ/mol was applied, 7%-30% of C2H2 yield and 6%-35% of H2 yield per pass have been obtained. These results are higher than the maximum thermodynamic yield of C2H2 (5.1%) and H2 (3.8%) at 100 kPa and 1100 K, respectively. Thereby, pulsed corona discharge is a very effective tool for "beyond-thermal-equilibrium" conversion of methane to C2H2 and H2 at ambient temperature and pressure. In the PCD energy density range of 339-822 kJ/mol, the carbon distribution of the methane conversion products is found to be: C2H2 86%-89%, C2H6 4%-6%, C2H4 4%-6%, C3 -2%, C4 -1%. Through comparison of the product from pure methane, ethane and ethylene conversion at the same discharge conditions, it can be concluded that three pathways may be responsible for the C2H2 formation via CHx radicals produced from the collisions of CH4 molecules with energi     

火花放电电极结构及其等离子体反应器

在阐述火花放电机制与等离子体特性基础上,着重探讨了火花放电的电极结构与等离子体反应器。新研制的电极旋转的新型 kHz 交流火花放电反应器,在甲烷裂解制乙炔和甲烷与二氧化碳重整制合成气应用研究中,其放电稳定性、反应物转化率、产物浓度和能量效率等指标,均明显优于其它放电反应器。