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《广东微量元素科学》2004,11(5):50-50
罗马共和国和罗马帝国时代是全球铅生产的第一个高峰期,此时,古罗马对铅的应用也达到了顶峰。罗马文化直接继承了古希腊文化和伊特鲁里亚文化,其建筑成就达到了欧洲奴隶制时代建筑的最高峰。工程奇迹之一是输水道工程,这是古罗马为供应城市生活用水而建造的送水渡槽。公元前3 1 2年建造了一条长1 6公里的地下输水道,公元前2世纪时又开始架设地上引水道,第一条地上引水道全长达86 6公里。至公元2 2 6年,罗马先后修建了1 1条大型输水道,有些水道高达49米,这些输水道都修建得十分豪华,有些输水道由铅管或陶器和隧道组成。据报道,仅建造里昂的一… 相似文献
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Spin-Polarized Tunnelling Magnetoresistance Effects in La0.833K0.167MnO3/SrTiO3 Polycrystalline Perovskite Manganites 下载免费PDF全文
A sample of La0.833K0.167MnO3-SrTiO3 (LKMO/STO) is fabricated by the sol-gel method. The microstructure,magnetic and transportation properties have been studied. X-ray diffraction patterns indicate that the structure of LKMO/STO is a homogeneous solid solution phase. The resistivity of LKMO/STO shows the insulator behaviour, which is different from La0.833K0.167MnO3 (LKMO) whose resistivity shows metal-insulator transition with decreasing temperature. The low-field (moH = 0.02 T) magnetoresistance decreases from 11% to 0.2% with the increasing temperature from 4 K‘to 220K for the LKMO/STO sample. The magnitude of magnetoresistance in a strong field (μoH = 5.5 T) almost increases linearly with decreasing temperature and reaches the maximum of 65% at the low temperature of 4.2K, which is much higher than that oE LKMO (40%). The enhanced low-field magnetoresistance effects are quantitatively explained by the spin-polarized tunnelling at grain boundaries. 相似文献
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Electron Spin Resonance Studies of Mn^2+ in Freshwater Snail Shells: Pomacea Canaliculata Lamarck and Fossilized Snail Shell 下载免费PDF全文
N.Udomkan S.Meejoo P.Limsuwan P.Winotai Y.Chaimanee 《中国物理快报》2005,22(7):1780-1783
We study paramagnetic Mn^2 ions present in the nowadays shells of univalve freshwater snails of Pomacea canaliculata lamarck (PCL) and the fossilized freshwater snail (FFS), Viviparus. All these shells are abundant in Thailand. The PCL shells were ground into fine powder. A set of seven samples were then separately annealed for 2 h in air atmosphere at different annealing temperatures while the FFS powder was characterized as-received. The PCL shells mainly consist of aragonite and a fraction of calcite. The heat treatments of the PCL powder samples at temperature higher than 450℃ resulted in an irreversible phase transformation from aragonite to calcite. However, it is found that the FFS shell is mainly made of calcite, with a minor fraction of aragonite. The crystal structure of the high-temperature-annealed PCL samples are quite similar to that of FFS, which indicates that the metamorphosis (aragonite→calcite) in the FFS shell had occurred but was not yet completed, although it had remained under the pressure and temperature of the Earth‘s crusts over millions of years. Our detailed ESR spectral analyses of PCL and FFS show that Mn^2 ions enter the Ca^2 sites during a biomineralization process. Simulated ESR parameters of PCL-500 of Mn^2 at a uniaxial site of calcite are reported. It is surprising to And that the ratio of Mn^2 concentration present in FFS to those in PCL shells evaluated from ESR spectra is as much as 10:1. 相似文献
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具有室温巨隧道磁电阻效应与高自旋极化率的新材料 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
回顾了隧道磁电阻效应发展简史及其应用,报道了锌铁氧体/氧化铁二相纳米复合材料在室温具有巨磁隧道电阻效应的实验结果,该实验结果表明锌铁氧体是具有高自旋极化率的一类新材料,值得进一步开展相关的研究工作. 相似文献
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We present a scheme for perfectly teleporting an arbitrary and unknown N-particle GHZ-class state from a sender to a receiver. We just need one quantum channel composed of two or three particles in the maximally entangled state. The sender performs one Bell-state measurement on two of her particles and N - 1 Hadamard operations and N - 1 yon Neumann measurements on the rest N - 1 particles. The receiver adopts one corresponding unitary transformation on his particles shared with the sender. After that, the receiver can obtain the original N-particle GHZ-class state by introducing N - 1 ancillary particles and carrying out N - 1 controlled-NOT operations. We also generalize the scheme to the case of controlled teleportation. 相似文献
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