A variational solution of 2-D sound-structure interaction problems

Based on the fluid-structure coupling theory, a localized variational principle for analyzing the sound radiation from elastic structure submerged in water due to harmonic excitations is presented. It will be a powerful tool to formulate various numerical methods for steady response of structural-acoustic systems. By means of this variational principle a hybrid element method, in which an analytical solution valid in most of the surrounding water is incorporated with finite elements distributed in the structure and its neighboring water, is devised. Computational examples are then given to demonstrate its high accuracy and time saving. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10172038) and the Doctoral Program Foundation of Institution of Higher Education of China (20040487013). The English text was polished by Yunming Chen.     

润滑理论研究的进展与思考

全面阐述了润滑理论研究中关于各种润滑状态,包括流体润滑、边界润滑、弹流润滑、薄膜润滑以及混合润滑等的研究进展和存在的问题;并进而就今后的润滑理论研究提出了若干建议.     

DUAL CHARACTERS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN PARTICLES AND FLUID

The unique characteristics of gas-solids two-phase flow and fluidization in terms of the flow structures and the apparent behavior of particles and fluid-particle interactions are closely linked to physical properties of the particles, operating conditions and bed configurations. Fluidized beds behave quite differently when solid properties, gas velocities or vessel geometries are vaded. An understanding of hydrodynamic changes and how they, in turn, influence the transfer and reaction characteristics of chemical and thermal operations by variations in gas-solid contact, residence time, solid circulation and mixing and gas distribution is very important for the proper design and scale-up of fluidized bed reactors. In this paper, rather than attempting a comprehensive survey, we concentrate on examining some important positive and negative impacts of particle sizes, bubbles, clusters and column walls on the physical and chemical aspects of chemical reactor performance from the engineering application point of view with the aim of forming an adequate concept for guiding the design of multiphase fluidized bed chemical reactors.     

NUMERICAL STUDY OF PARTICLE DISTRIBUTION IN WAKE OF LIQUID-PARTICLE FLOWS PAST A CIRCULAR CYLINDER USING DISCRETE VORTEX METHOD

Particle-laden water flows past a circular cylinder were numerically investigated. The discrete vortex method (DVM) was employed to evaluate the unsteady water flow fields and a Lagrangian approach was applied for tracking individual solid particles. A dispersion function was defined to represent the dispersion scale of the particle. The wake vortex patterns, the distributions and the time series of dispersion functions of particles with different Stokes numbers were obtained. Numerical results show that the particle distribution in the wake of the circular cylinder is closely related to the particle's Stokes number and the structure of wake vortices: (1) the intermediate sized particles with Stokes numbers, St, of 0.25, 1.0 and 4.0 can not enter the vortex cores and concentrate near the peripheries of the vortex structures, (2) in the circular cylinder wake, the dispersion intensity of particles decreases as St is increased from 0.25 to 4.0.     

混合层强化混合的数值研究

受 Ｗａｎｇ ＆ Ｆｉｅｄｌｅｒ（１９９７）的实验的启发，采用高阶精度的差分格式，通过数值模拟的方法，研究了二维混合层及限于两平板间的二维混合层（二维受限混合层）入口处加振动对提高混合层混合效率的作用．计算结果表明：对二维混合层，振动的频率越低，在混合层中产生的大尺度涡结构的尺度越大，在频率很低时，涡具有相似性；对限于两平板间的二维混合层，在一定的振动频率下，混合层中产生的涡较大而且破碎得也较好，这将有利于混合．这一结论与 Ｗａｎｇ ＆ Ｆｉｅｄｌｅｒ（１９９７）的实验观测到的结果是一致的．     

多层流体的Marangoni对流

介绍微重力环境下矩形液池中多层不相混液体的Marangoni对流及其不稳定性.Marangoni对流流动的形成是由于在该系统施加一个与液体交界面相垂直的外加温度梯度.Marangoni对流的线性不稳定性分析是基于无限延长矩形液池内的两层流体系统.应用数值模拟研究了Marangoni对流的流体动力学和热传输特性,将多层流体的Marangoni对流同两层流体中外加温度梯度与流体交界面平行时引起的热毛细对流的主要特征进行了比较.     

求解二维结构-声耦合问题的一种半数值半解析方法

基于传递矩阵法和虚拟源强模拟技术提出了一种求解在谐激励作用下二维结构-声相互作用问题的半数值半解析法．在足够小的积分步长内，文中对任意形状弹性环沿周向曲线坐标的非齐次状态微分方程组，建立了一种齐次扩容方法．对于外声场，采用多圆形虚拟源强配置方案。并在每一条圆形配置曲线上将源强密度函数用Fourier级数展开，同时结合快速Fourier变换法，提出了一种高精度、高效率求解任意形状二维孔穴Helmholtz外问题的快速算法．在耦合方程的求解方面，根据叠加原理，将外激励和虚拟源强的Fourier级数展开项作为广义力分别作用在弹性环上，借助齐次扩容方法和精细积分法求得弹性环的状态向量，再利用流固交接条件和最小二乘法直接建立了耦合系统的求解方程．文中给出了二个典型弹性环在集中谐激励力作用下声辐射算例，计算结果表明该文方法较通常采用的混合FE-BE法更为有效．     

On damping coefficient due to phase transformation

The damping coefficient of capillary waves due to the evaporation-condensation process at the interface of the two phases of a fluid is evaluated. To highlight the mechanism of the effect of heat and mass transfer across the interface between regions of liquid and vapor, potential flow of incompressible fluids are assumed. Thus other mechanisms of damping are neglected. To fascilitate the analysis, the method of multiple-scale is employed in the analysis, even though the problem is linear.     

双层旋转壳流固耦合振动有限元分析

本文采用旋转壳体元和流体元分析了双层旋转壳体流固耦合振动特性,基于Novozhilov壳体理论、水弹性理论以及Hamilton变分原理推导出耦合系统运动方程,计算结果与实测值比较表明本分析方法有较好的精度。     

纤维悬浮液搅拌流动的数值模拟

由于缺乏适当的本构方程，对纤维悬浮液流动的研究一直局限于纤维的牛顿流体悬浮液。本文采用ＭＵＣＭ模型对作者最近提出的纤维Ｏｌｄｒｏｙｄ－Ｂ流体悬浮液的本构方程作了改进，并对锚式桨搅拌槽的二维Ｏｌｄｒｏｙｄ－Ｂ流体和牛顿流体纤维悬浮液搅拌流动作了数值模拟。模拟的结果表明，本文所用的模型和方法能有效地抑制过大局部应力的影响并合理地处理流体的记忆效应。