Hausdorff Dimension of Sets of Generic Points for Gibbs Measures

For a translation invariant Gibbs measure on the configuration space X of a lattice finite spin system, we consider the set X of generic points. Using a Breiman type convergence theorem on the set X of generic points of an arbitrary translation invariant probability measure on X, we evaluate the Hausdorff dimension of the set X with respect to any metric out of a wide class of scale metrics on X (including Billingsley metrics generated by Gibbs measures).     

Local magnetization of Co andMn impurities in the reentrant spin glass Au0.82Fe0.18

The low-temperature nuclear orientation technique has been used to study the magnetic behaviour of⁶⁰Co and⁵⁴Mn impurity atoms in the reentrant spin glass Au_0.82Fe_0.18. The results obtained for⁶⁰Co indicate that Co moments follow the distribution of Fe directions. In contrast, Mn moments show a spread directional distribution. These results are the consequence of the different character of Mn-Fe andFe-Fe interactions at short distances.     

Dipole interactions and diffusion of μ meson in copper

The dipole relaxation rate and the diffusion coefficient of μ⁺-meson in copper are measured at different temperatures. The activation energy of μ⁺-meson in a crystal of copper is determined.     

Self-action of electromagnetic wave in plasma under parametric instability

The self-action of a strong electromagnetic wave in an inhomogeneous plasma is considered near the plasma resonance.     

Interband phase modes and nonequilibrium soliton structures in two-gap superconductors

We predict a new dynamic state in current-carrying superconductors with a multicomponent order parameter. If the current density J exceeds a critical value J(t), an interband breakdown caused by charge imbalance of nonequilibrium quasiparticles occurs. For J>J(t), the electric field penetrating from current leads gives rise to various static and dynamic soliton phase textures, and voltage oscillations similar to the nonstationary Josephson effect. We propose experiments to observe these effects which would probe the multicomponent nature of the superconducting order parameter.     

Vortex avalanches and magnetic flux fragmentation in superconductors

We report the results of numerical simulations of nonisothermal dendritic flux penetration in type-II superconductors. We propose a generic mechanism of dynamic branching of a propagating hot spot of a flux flow/normal state triggered by a local heat pulse. The branching occurs when the flux hot spot reflects from inhomogeneities or the boundary on which magnetization currents either vanish, or change direction. The hot spot then undergoes a cascade of successive splittings, giving rise to a dissipative dendritic-type flux structure. This dynamic state eventually cools down, turning into a frozen multifilamentary pattern of magnetization currents.     

Using light to bioactivate surfaces: A new way of creating oriented, active immunobiosensors

Ultraviolet light can be used to immobilize biomolecules onto thiol reactive surfaces in order to, e.g., make biosensors. The mechanism involves light-induced formation of free, reactive thiol groups in disulphide containing molecules. This technology allows for the creation of arrays of biomolecules with a high degree of reproducibility, circumventing the need for often expensive nano/micro-dispensing technologies. The ultimate size of the immobilized spots is defined by the focal area of the UV beam. Light-induced immobilization has the added benefit that the immobilized molecules will be spatially oriented and covalently bound to the surface. In this paper, we demonstrate the utility of a sensor array created with the new sensor technology when integrated into a microfluidic system. Protein arrays made using light-induced immobilization showed successful antigen/antibody binding in a flow cell allowing the visualisation of real time binding and enzyme activity. This new technology is ideal for the creation of protein/DNA microarrays, can replace present micro-dispensing arraying technologies and is ideal as a molecular imprinting technology.     

Choiceless polynomial time

Turing machines define polynomial time (PTime) on strings but cannot deal with structures like graphs directly, and there is no known, easily computable string encoding of isomorphism classes of structures. Is there a computation model whose machines do not distinguish between isomorphic structures and compute exactly PTime properties? This question can be recast as follows: Does there exist a logic that captures polynomial time (without presuming the presence of a linear order)? Earlier, one of us conjectured a negative answer. The problem motivated a quest for stronger and stronger PTime logics. All these logics avoid arbitrary choice. Here we attempt to capture the choiceless fragment of PTime. Our computation model is a version of abstract state machines (formerly called evolving algebras). The idea is to replace arbitrary choice with parallel execution. The resulting logic expresses all properties expressible in any other PTime logic in the literature. A more difficult theorem shows that the logic does not capture all of PTime.