三相流化床电极反应器深度处理制浆废水

应用三相流化床电极反应器(新型电化学反应器)处理制浆废水.研究了曝气量、槽电压、溶液pH值及FeSO4浓度等因素对电解效果的影响.结果表明,该反应器深度处理制浆废水的最佳工艺条件为:槽电压20 V,曝气量为0.3 m3.h-1,FeSO4浓度为1000 mg.L-1,pH值≈2.5,反应时间为90 m in时COD去除率为70.1%.     

Geldart B 类颗粒气固流化床内的压力波动特性(英文)

采用多通道压力采集系统测量了Geldart B类颗粒（树脂）矩形流化床(2.000m×0.300m×0.025m)内的压力波动,探索了流化床内的压力波动特征;同时采用标准方差、自相关和互相关函数分析了表观气速和静床高度对压力波动、压力波速度和压力波主频的影响。结果表明,气泡行为（如：气泡的形成、发展、聚并和破碎）是影响流化床内压力波动的主要因素;密相和稀相界面处的压力波动幅值主要由气泡崩塌决定;压力波在流化床内进行传播,并且具有明显的周期性特征;此外,压力波动、压力波速度和压力波主频均与表观气速和静床高度密切相关。     

催化剂组成和反应条件对W-Fe-MgO催化分解甲烷制备单壁碳纳米管的影响

 采用“柠檬酸法”制备的W-Fe-MgO催化剂,在小型流化床反应器中分别以Ar和H2为载气在1073～1373 K下催化甲烷分解制单壁碳纳米管(SWCNTs). 实验结果表明,用H2作载气制备SWCNTs的最佳温度为1373 K,在Fe∶Mg摩尔比≤10∶100时,催化剂上的碳产率随其W载量的增加而显著增大,产物中的SWCNTs含量也保持在较高水平,最高碳产率可达55%(相对于催化剂的质量分数). 而使用Ar载气时最佳反应温度为1073 K, 用W∶Mg摩尔比为1∶100的催化剂可制得SWCNTs含量较高的产物,而W∶Mg摩尔比超过1∶100的催化剂上产物中的SWCNTs含量显著下降. 根据XRD和XPS实验结果推测了W-Fe-MgO催化剂上生长SWCNTs的活性相.     

垃圾焚烧底灰中铬的分布及浸出特性研究

以流化床和炉排炉两种垃圾焚烧电厂产生的底灰为对象,研究了底灰中总铬及六价铬的分布特性及六价铬分布与Ca、Si、Al等矿物元素之间的关系,并探索了六价铬的浸出特性。得到结论如下:随着底灰粒径的增大,底灰中总铬及六价铬含量降低;Si和Al的存在的情况下,CaO会与Si和Al发生反应,直接影响Cr(Ⅵ)的生成;采用炉排炉焚烧工艺得到的底灰比采用流化床工艺得到的底灰中六价铬浸出浓度高;底灰中存在的还原性物质,尤其是流化床底灰,促使浸出过程中六价铬的还原,降低浸出溶液中六价铬的含量。     

可燃固废流化床气化的欧拉-拉格朗日数值模拟

基于欧拉-拉格朗日模型,气相采用LES湍流模型,固相采用离散颗粒法,同时考虑复杂气固流动以及相内、相间的化学反应,引入气化过程的热解反应模型,并且考虑了焦油的生成和均相转化,对流化床中可燃固体废弃物空气气化过程进行了三维数值模拟。获得了反应器内颗粒流型,气体组分浓度的分布规律以及不同操作条件下的产气组分、产气热值和焦油含量。结果表明;随着空气当量比ER的增加,CO、H_2和CH_4的体积分数逐渐减小,而CO_2的含量逐渐增大。产气率随着ER的增加逐渐增大,产气热值逐渐减小,出口气中的焦油含量也随着ER的增加而明显减小。     

不同管排方式下三维鼓泡床内气固流型及埋管磨损的LES-DEM研究

埋管具有限制气泡大小和改变床内气固流动特性而被广泛用于密相流化床内,但不同管排方式对改善气固流型特性的作用不同。本文基于LES-DEM耦合方法,在颗粒尺度层面研究了不同管排方式下鼓泡床内颗粒流动特性以及埋管磨损分布特性。发现埋管的存在使得在管束的上部和下部区域存在四个明显的局部颗粒循环.另外,错列管排对颗粒的轴向迁移的限定更为明显,使得颗粒浓度在水平方向上分布更为均匀。由于不同的管排方式导致不同的气固流动特性,管束周围磨损特性差异明显.     

微型流化床-快速过程红外热分析仪对CaCO_3热分解的动力学研究

本文使用程序升温热重分析仪和自主开发的微型流化床(MFB)一快速过程红外(IR)热分析仪进行CaCO_3热分解动力学的实验研究。通过MFB-IR系统实验获得的碳酸钙分解活化能为107.7 kJ/mol,处于文献报道的范围之内;反应动力学模型符合形核与成长(n=2/3)模型。当转化率小于30%时,通过MFB-IR系统获得的CaCO_3分解活化能与热重较一致,但在转化率大于30%情况下,MFB-IR中获得的分解活化能随转化率的变化比热重分析所得活化能变化明显。同时,其活化能数值小于通过热重分析仪实验获得的数值。     

Some hydrodynamic aspects of 3-phase inverse fluidized bed

Hydrodynamics of 3-phase inverse fluidized bed is studied experimentally using low density particles for different liquid and gas velocities. The hydrodynamic characteristics studied include pressure drop, minimum liquid and gas fluidization velocities and phase holdups. The minimum liquid fluidization velocity determined using the bed pressure gradient, decreases with increase in gas velocity. The axial profiles of phase holdups shows that the liquid holdup increases along the bed height, whereas the solid holdup decreases down the bed. However, the gas holdup is almost uniform in the bed.     

SIMULATION OF PARTICLE COATING IN THE SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDIZED BED

Fluidized bed technology using supercritical carbon dioxide both as a fluidizing gas and as a solvent for the coating material makes possible the production of thin, uniform and solvent-free coatings. But operation at low fluidizing velocities, which is favorable to facilitate gas cleaning under the high pressure conditions, may lead to uneven distribution of the coating in the fluidized bed and to unstable operation due to agglomeration. Therefore a model has been developed which describes local fluid dynamics within the high pressure fluidized bed. Based on this model, the coating process is described and the distribution of the coating inside the fluidized bed is calculated. Furthermore a submodel for the calculation of local concentrations of liquid paraffin has been set up, which may be used as a basis for the prediction of agglomeration and thus stability of operation.     

MULTIFRACTAL ANALYSIS OF PARTICLE-FLUID SYSTEM IN A CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED

In this paper, multifractal analysis together with wavelet transform modulus maxima (WTMM) method is used to analyze the fluctuating signals of circulating fluidized bed (CFB). Singularity spectrum shows that the gas-particle flow in CFB has multifractal character. Motion behavior of the particle-fluid system of CFB can be described by singularity spectrum. Intermittency index can be used to determine the transition of flow regime from fast fluidization to pneumatic conveying.