高能强子–强子碰撞中喷注内部动力学起伏的蒙特卡洛研究

用蒙特卡洛方法对CERN-SppS对撞机质子–反质子对撞中由圆锥法判定的(微)喷注内部的动力学起伏进行了研究.结果表明,喷注内部的动力学起伏近似地和SpS静止靶强子–强子碰撞中的动力学起伏一样,呈现为纵–横各向异性,而在横向平面内各向同性的特征.     

可控合成Pd-Pt八面体框架结构作为高效的氧还原反应催化剂

Pt-based nanoframes represent a class of promising catalysts towards oxygen reduction reaction. Herein, we, for the first time, successfully prepared Pt-Pd octahedral nanoframes with ultrathin ridges less than 2 nm in thickness. The Pt-Pd octahedral nanoframes were obtained through site-selected deposition of Pt atoms onto the edge sites of Pd octahedral seeds, followed by selective removal of the Pd octahedral cores via chemical etching. Due to that a combination of three-dimensional opens geometrical structure and Pt-skin surface compositional structure, the Pt-Pd octahedral nanoframes/C catalyst shows a mass activity of 1.15 A/mg_Pt towards oxygen reduction reaction, 5.8 times enhancement in mass activity relative to commercial Pt/C catalyst (0.20 A/mg_Pt). Moreover, even after 8000 cycles of accelerated durability test, the Pt-Pd octahedral nanoframes/C catalyst still exhibits a mass activity which is more than three times higher than that of pristine Pt/C catalyst.