气相色谱-质谱法测定含油污泥中16种多环芳烃

采用超声提取和固相萃取小柱净化的前处理方法,结合气相色谱-质谱法(GCMS),建立了含油污泥中16种多环芳烃的检测方法。以新疆的油田采油或钻井等过程中产生的含油污泥为样品,经超声提取,固相萃取(SPE)小柱除杂净化后,用GC-MS法进行定量分析。16种多环芳烃在0.005~0.200mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.998~0.999,检出限(S/N=3)在0.26~2.38μg/kg之间,以0.200、0.500和1.000mg/L添加浓度水平进行方法学验证,回收率在60.20%~149.66%范围内,相对标准偏差为3.37%~16.84%。该方法具有快速、简便、灵敏度高等特点,能满足含油污泥中16种多环芳烃的检测要求。     

气相色谱法检测纸质包装材料中9种有害物质

建立了快速测定纸质包装材料中甲苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯、对二甲苯、萘、十四烷、二苯甲酮、硬脂酸甲酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯9种有害物质的气相色谱法。纸质包装材料样品进行溶剂萃取,用气相色谱-氢火焰离子化检测器法同时测定样品的9种有害物质。对萃取剂、萃取温度和时间以及色谱条件进行了考察,方法的线性范围为0~100μg/mL,检测限为0.01~0.05μg/mL,回收率为91.7%~111.4%,相对标准偏差为3.59%~7.76%。该方法操作简单,定量准确可靠。     

QuEChERS/气相色谱-质谱法同时测定污染土壤中六种芳香化合物

建立了样品采用QuEChERS前处理,结合气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)法同时测定污染土壤中苯酚、2,4-二氯苯酚、2,4,6-三氯苯酚、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、苯并[a]芘6种化合物的分析方法,选择离子模式(SIM)检测,外标法定量。测定得到平均回收率为64.0%~105.5%,相对标准偏差在0.43%~3.25%范围。结果表明,该方法快速、简便、灵敏、准确,适用于污染土壤中上述6种物质含量的测定。     

碱消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-OES)测定土壤中六价铬的研究

采用碱消解—电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)检测方法对土壤中六价铬含量进行分析。土壤样品以碳酸钠-氢氧化钠为消解液,加入氯化镁和磷酸氢二钾-磷酸二氢钾缓冲溶液,经90-95℃消解溶出六价铬,用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪测定消解液中六价铬含量。在选定的测定条件下,方法的检出限为0.24 mg/kg,测定下限为0.96 mg/kg,加标回收率在99.6 %～104.1%之间,相对标准偏差2.53%-7.48%。该方法简便快速,稳定性好,结果准确可靠,适用于土壤中六价铬含量的分析。     

二乙三胺、三乙四胺钴配合物氧合作用的研究

The equilibrium constants and oxygenation constants of diethylenetriamine,trieth ylenettramine-Co(Ⅱ) complex were determined by pH potentionmetric method.Some new oxygenated species and their oxygenation constants were found.The oxygenated species and their formation conditions investigated by potentiometry were verif ied by spectrophotometry.Results of the two methods were consistant with one ano ther very well showing the correctness of the results of potentiometry.     

乙二胺钴氧合反应的电喷雾串联质谱研究

采用电喷雾多级串联质谱技术对氧载体模型化合物乙二胺钴氧合产物的的质谱裂解规律进行了探讨。以固相法合成的乙二胺钴吸氧初和吸氧6 d两个阶段为研究体系,在正离子电喷雾质谱条件下能够清楚地观测到乙二胺钴氧合配合物的特征碎片离子。对其中m/z 150.86的碎片峰进行子离子扫描,可得到失去中性氧分子(M=32)的子离子碎片峰(m/z 118.85),从而可进一步确认其为氧合配合物碎片峰。本文采用电喷雾多级串联质谱技术对吸氧初和吸氧饱和后的两个体系进行了合理的初步探讨,根据所得质谱数据对乙二胺钴氧合产物的结构、裂解规律及氧气的存在形态给出初步合理的推论,结果表明,吸氧过程是一个老化的过程,乙二胺钴配合物从吸氧初到吸氧饱和后,其形态经历了从双核过氧桥联配合物到双核过氧羟基双桥联配合物形态的转变。初步确立电喷雾质谱(ESI-MS)可做为研究氧合反应和表征氧合配合物的有效技术手段。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定聚合物食品包装材料中8种添加剂

建立了同时测定聚合物食品包装材料中8种常用添加剂Irgafos 168、Irganox 1010、Irganox 1076、丁基羟基茴香醚（BHA）、没食子酸丙酯（PG）、没食子酸十二酯（DG）、叔丁基对苯二酚（TBHQ）和苯三唑甲酚（UV-326）的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱方法。试样以二氯甲烷为溶剂进行超声提取;采用Waters BEH-C18柱（50 mm×2.1 mm,1.7 μm）分离,以0.05%甲酸水溶液和甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱;采用电喷雾离子源正、负离子切换模式和多反应监测模式进行检测。8种添加剂在相应的质量浓度范围内定量离子的峰面积与质量浓度均呈良好线性关系（相关系数R²均大于0.993）,回收率为63.9%~127.0%,相对标准偏差（RSD,n=6）≤15.8%,检出限（S/N=3）为0.13~5.50 μg/L,定量限（S/N=10）为0.45~17.50 μg/L。该方法简便快捷、灵敏度高,适合食品包装材料中常用添加剂的分析测定。     

Prediction of flexoelectricity in BaTiO3 using molecular dynamics simulations

Flexoelectric effect, referring to the strain gradient induced polarization, widely exists in dielectric materials, but its molecular dynamics has not been studied so much so far. In this work, the radial distribution function of BaTiO₃ and the phase transition temperatures have been investigated, and the results show that the core-shell potential model is effective and the structure of BaTiO₃ is stable in a temperature range of 10 K-150 K. Molecular dynamics simulated hysteresis loops of BaTiO₃ show that anisotropy can play an important role in the coercive field. Based on the rational simulation process, the effects of cantilever beam bent angle and fixed length on the polarization are analyzed. It is found that the small bent angle of the curved cantilever beam can give a proportional relationship with a fixed end length and a non-linear relationship is presented when the bent angle is much larger. The prediction of flexoelectric coefficient in BaTiO₃ is 18.5 nC/m. This work provides a computational framework for the study of flexoelectric effect by using molecular dynamics.