Survivable routing and spectrum allocation algorithm based on p-cycle protection in elastic optical networks

With the number of large capacity applications in core network increasing, the bandwidth requirement of optical connections in conventional Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) networks keeps enhancing, so that the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technology is adopted to provide higher spectrum efficiency and flexibility in the future elastic optical networks. Meanwhile, survivability in the conventional WDM optical networks has been widely studied as an important issue to ensure the service continuity. However, survivability in OFDM-based elastic optical networks is more challenging than that in conventional WDM optical networks because each fiber usually carries even more connections. Therefore, it is necessary to study the new lightpath protection algorithm in elastic optical networks. Since p-cycle protection scheme has short restoration time and simple protection switching procedure, in this paper, we study the static Survivable p-Cycle Routing and Spectrum Allocation (SC-RSA) problem with providing an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) formulation. Since RSA is a NP-hard problem, we propose a new heuristic algorithm called Elastic p-Cycle Protection (ECP) to tolerate the single-fiber link failure. For each demand, ECP scheme can compute highly-efficient p-cycles to provide protection for all of the on-cycle links and the straddling links. We also consider the load balancing and choose the proper working path for each demand. Simulation results show that the proposed ECP scheme achieves better performances than traditional single-line-rate survivable schemes.     

微型滴定法测定硫酸亚铁的含量

将微型滴定用于硫酸亚铁含量的测定 ,设计并使用与微型滴定管精度一致的移液管 ,比较了微型滴定与常量滴定的测定结果。方法可行 ,有使用价值。     

Maximum covering planning of survivable Fiber-Wireless access network considering network connectivity

Fiber-Wireless (FiWi) access network is now becoming a promising architecture for access networks. Survivability is one of the key issues in the planning of FiWi access network because many high-rate traffic flows may be interrupted in case of a single fiber failure, which can cause a huge traffic loss. In addition, the users need ubiquitous broadband access that can be provided by FiWi access network. In this paper, we propose the protection approach called Maximum Covering Planning with Survivability (MCPS), including Integer Linear Programming (ILP) solution and heuristic solution, for the planning of survivable FiWi access network against single distribution fiber failure. The proposed approach aims at maximum coverage under the constraints of network connectivity. When a distribution fiber is broken, the interrupted Optical Network Unit (ONU) can transmit traffic to its backup ONU through the wireless paths between them. Simulation results show the network coverage of clients for different number of ONUs in different urban areas, and demonstrate the relationship between network coverage and the cost represented by the number of WiFi routers.     

熔盐电化学的新进展

本文主要介绍熔盐体系、熔盐电池、熔盐电沉积金属以及合金、电合成化合物材料等方面的新进展 ,预期熔盐电化学在能源、环境保护和资源利用等领域中的应用 .     

诊断中性束加速电源打火检测与保护电路的研究与设计

通过检测打火短路过程中产生较大的di/dt 和du/dt 来实现高压电源的打火短路保护。在研究了中性束加速电源控制和保护特点的基础上, 设计了诊断中性束加速电源在打火短路过程中的di/dt 和du/dt 的检测电路和相应的保护电路, 实现提前对加速器高压电源打火短路的保护。     

聚酰亚胺侵蚀机理及防护效应的研究

在微波电离型原子氧(AO)源地面模拟设备中对空间材料聚酰亚胺(Kapton)及有机硅防护层进行原子氧剥蚀效应试验.用光电子能谱(XPS)、红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)对试验前后试样的表面形貌、质量及化学结构进行表征研究.AO对Kapton表现了较严重的侵蚀作用,原来平整的表面形貌变为毛毯状;而所施用的有机硅涂层的表面形貌则变化甚少,表明该涂层具有较明显的防护效果.     

桂林市岩溶塌陷及防治

根据收集的大量钻探资料统计, 分析了桂林市岩溶地面塌陷的成因机制、分布规律及防治措施, 对桂林市的市政工程建设具有一定的参考价值。     

WDM环形网络保护时间评估与优化分析

本文用逻辑等效方法分析了使用1:1保护配置的WDM环行网络的保护倒换规程,并且对需要信令协调的WDM环行网络的保护时间进行了分析,得到了保护时间的表达式.在分析各种因素对保护时间影响的基础上,提出了优化的思路.最后还给出了环行网络的保护倒换时序和实例.     

Al-Li合金光谱标准样品制备和定值

本文叙述了Ａｌ－Ｌｉ合金光谱分析用标准样品的制备过程和定值结果。在制备过程中采用了先进的氩气保护、新型熔剂覆盖盖技术防止锂元素的烧损,首创作了“间歇式半连续铸造法 ”、“分步调整成分法”等先进的工艺,解决了Ａｌ－Ｌｉ标样铸锭不锡成形、成易偏析等技术难关;最后采用多家协作分析定值法和科学的数理统计方法对数据处理给出定值结果和不确定度。     

G-M制冷机的电气控制与保护

G-M制冷机广泛应用于微电子技术、激光和电子设备、材料科学等技术领域。文中主要对G-M制冷机电源断相和电流过载、气体压力、冷凝温度等方面的自动控制与保护进行研究,提出了一系列保护措施,从而确保G-M制冷机的启动、制动和稳定运行。