AgCl团簇的熔化行为

用遗传算法结合经验势搜索了(AgCl)_n(n=2~12)团簇的可能稳定结构,并用微正则分子动力学方法研究了它们的熔化行为.(AgCl)_n团簇的稳定结构主要以四元环和六元环相接的笼状结构为主.基态结构的熔化行为:(AgCl)_n(n=9~12) 与一般原子团簇的熔化行为相类似;(AgCl)_7在熔化前较大温度范围内发生正侧面轮换;(AgCl)_8在129K时转变为双层八元环结构,也存在正侧面轮换现象.能量较高的异构体在熔化之前均转变为基态结构,按照基态结构的熔化模式熔化.     

反胶束体系中水团的笼效应

在反胶束体系中研究了菁染料的吸收光谱以及ω值对菁染料荧光光谱的影响.讨论了不同粒径的AgCl纳米粒子对反胶束体系中菁染料的吸附状态及J-聚集体形成的影响.特别研究了反胶束水团空间限定效应对菁染料荧光量子产率及J-聚集体的影响.     

Thermodynamic Foundation for High Temperature Electrochemistry

Thermodynamic concepts required for the thermodynamic calculation of the potentials of electrodes for high temperature applications are briefly reviewed. A thermodynamic approach to the calculation of half cell potentials and the standard chemical potential of an electron at high temperatures which are related to the Standard Hydrogen Electrode(SHE) is discussed. As examples, an external Ag/AgCl reference electrode and a YSZ(Ag|O2) pH sensor for high temperature applications are analyzed by using the thermodynamic ap-proach to derive a high temperature pH measurement equation. The two electrodes are employed to measure high temperature pH and the measured pH was compared with the calculated pH by using a solution chem-istry method. Concepts and principles for electrode kinetics are also briefly introduced and a modification to the Tafel equations is suggested.     

羟基四氮茚在氯化银乳剂中的增感作用

自Birr发现三氮茚和四氮茚类化合物^[1]及其用作卤化银感光剂的稳定剂以来,它们一直受到广泛的关注^[2]。     

离子液体微乳液合成纳米AgCl及AgCl/poly(MMA-co-St)杂化膜性能调控

在以离子液体氯化-1-十二烷基甲基咪唑(C12mimCl)为表面活性剂,甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)与苯乙烯(St)混合物为油相介质的反相微乳液中合成AgCl纳米粒子,进而采用微乳液原位聚合法制备AgCl/poly(MMA-co-St)杂化膜。通过紫外可见光谱和透射电镜分析了微乳液组成(油相介质组成和增容水量ω)对纳米AgCl粒子形貌的影响。结合扫描电镜和苯、环已烷的溶胀实验探讨了微乳液组成对杂化膜性能的调控作用。结果发现,微乳液油相介质中St/MMA体积比增大有利于在微乳液和杂化膜中获得更多纳米AgCl粒子,增加了杂化膜的苯平衡溶胀吸附量(A∞,b)与苯/环已烷的平衡溶胀吸附选择性(αs,b/c)。在St/MMA体积比为1∶3时杂化膜的A∞,b和αs,b/c分别达到330 mg·g-1和19.21;但过多苯乙烯加入油相介质,其苯环中π键会破坏水核中AgCl粒子的稳定性而引起粒子团聚,从而降低了杂化膜的A∞,b和αs,b/c。反相微乳液中合成的纳米AgCl粒子量随ω增大而增多、粒径增大,杂化膜的A∞,b和αs,b/c随ω的增加而增大。但过高的ω导致微乳液中出现AgCl大粒子,从而引起杂化膜的A∞,b和αs,b/c下降。     

Electrochemistry/mass spectrometry as a tool in metabolism studies—A review

The combination of electrochemistry (EC) and mass spectrometry (MS) has become a more and more frequently used approach in metabolism studies in the last decade. This review provides insight into the importance of metabolism studies during the drug development process and gives a short overview about the conventionally used methods since electrochemistry is often intended to substitute or minimize animal-based studies. The optimization of the electrochemical conditions is of great importance for a successful comparison with in vitro approaches. The type of metabolism reactions, which can be simulated by EC, has been extended with new cell types and working electrodes. Although the mechanism differs from the enzyme-catalyzed turnover, electrochemistry can be used to simulate a significant number of the respective reactions.     

Bifunctional AgCl/Ag composites for SERS monitoring and low temperature visible light photocatalysis degradation of pollutant

With the assistance of Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), AgCl/Ag composites were fabricated in N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent via a photoactivated route. The size of AgCl particles was in the range of 500 nm to 1 μm and the Ag particle's diameter was about 10–20 nm. Different from those core–shell structures reported before, the Ag nanoparticles were dispersed uniformly both on the surface and in the body of AgCl particles. The generation of such kind of composites was resulted from the reducing ability of DMF and light irradiation during the formation of AgCl particles. The as-obtained AgCl/Ag composites presented great activity for both surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection and visible light photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes. Additionally, the AgCl/Ag composites could maintain high photocatalytic activity even though the ambient temperature was as low as 15 °C and recycle photocatalysis experiments indicated that the photocatalyst exhibited higher stability. Such kind of AgCl/Ag composites holds great potential for environmental monitoring devices and pollutant treatments.     

反相微乳液中AgCl纳米粒子的可控合成与AgCl/GMA-MMA-AMPS共聚物有机-无机杂化膜的研究

以2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)为表面活性剂,在甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)混合物为油相的反相微乳液体系中合成了AgCl纳米粒子,然后通过微乳液聚合制备了AgCl/GMA-MMA-AMPS共聚物有机-无机杂化膜,并用于苯/环己烷混合物的渗透气化分离.利用紫外-可见光谱及透射电子显...     

原位获取新鲜Ag及其SERS活性研究

以立方的AgCl纳米结构作为前躯体, 利用共聚焦拉曼光谱仪的光源原位辐射获取新鲜Ag, 并同步用于对巯基吡啶(4-Mpy )分子的SERS检测。结果表明: 随着辐射时间的增加, 4-Mpy 分子的SERS信号强度增加并趋于最大值。结合信号强度和AgCl表面形貌及其化学组分的演变, 给出了一种可能的机理解释。     

RAMAN SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY ON THE CHAIN CONFORMATION OF ELECTROSYNTHESIZED POLY(p-PHENYLENE) FILMS

Poly(p-phenylene) (PPP) films have been electrochemically deposited on mirrorlike stainless steel (SS) electrode surfaces by direct oxidation of benzene in boron trifluoride diethyl etherate (BFEE) solutions at a constant applied potential of 1.7 V (versus Ag/AgCl). The chain conformations of as-grown PPP films have been studied by Raman spectroscopy. The results demonstrated that high synthesis temperature favors the formation of planar PPP, and the conformation of planar PPP can be changed into torsional PPP by cooling treatment.