He,Ne,Ar,Kr和Xe原子电子的动量密度分布研究

对He,Ne,Ar,Kr和Xe原子体系中电子在动量空间的性质进行了系统的理论计算研究.采用自洽场HFR方法计算了坐标空间He,Ne,Kr和Xe原子体系单电子径向波函数,动量空间的单电子波函数由坐标空间原子体系单电子径向波函数通过运用傅立叶变换计算得到.在冲量近似条件下,进一步计算研究了这些原子的单电子动量密度分布和原子体系总的Compton轮廓.计算结果与已有的实验实验值和其他文献的理论计算结果比较表明,本文计算的结果是准确的.     

Boundary Shape Control of the Navier-Stokes Equations and Applications

In this paper, the geometrical design for the blade's surface in an impeller or for the profile of an aircraft, is modeled from the mathematical point of view by a boundary shape control problem for the Navier-Stokes equations. The objective function is the sum of a global dissipative function and the power of the fluid. The control variables are the geometry of the boundary and the state equations are the Navier-Stokes equations. The Euler-Lagrange equations of the optimal control problem are derived, which are an elliptic boundary value system of fourth order, coupled with the Navier-Stokes equations. The authors also prove the existence of the solution of the optimal control problem, the existence of the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations with mixed boundary conditions, the weak continuity of the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations with respect to the geometry shape of the blade's surface and the existence of solutions of the equations for the Gateaux derivative of the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations with respect to the geometry of the boundary.     

面向快速原型的工业CT图像内外轮廓自适应判别方法

为了实现工业CT切片图像内外轮廓的准确、快速判别,提出了工业CT切片图像内外轮廓的自适应判别方法。该方法能根据轮廓的凸凹性特征自动选取相应的内外轮廓判别方法:首先对单像素宽封闭轮廓的凸凹性进行判断,然后对存在凹点的切片轮廓采用射线法进行内外轮廓判别,不存在凹点的切片轮廓则采用坐标极值法进行判别。实验结果表明,该方法提高了自动判别程度,扩大了轮廓判别的适用范围,提高了判别质量和效率。在面向快速原型制造的具有复杂内部结构的大批量内外轮廓判别时,该方法具有优势。     

利用综合复用技术拓展数字全息显微系统中的记录视场

为了解决现有数字全息显微系统中高分辨率与大记录视场无法同时兼得的问题, 提出了一种在不牺牲分辨率的前提下拓展数字全息显微记录视场的方法. 该方法中运用了波长不同、偏振态不同的四路相互不相干的探测物光, 同时探测被测样品四个相邻的不同区域, 并使这四束探测物光分别与其相应的参考光相干, 在记录面上同时记录下含有被测样品不同区域信息的复合全息图. 将获得的复合全息图经过频谱变换和数字滤波, 分别重构出所记录区域的振幅和相位分布.最后通过图像拼接和图像融合技术, 可实现接近原记录视场四倍的大视场数字全息显微记录. 该方法在测量过程中无需移动记录装置、光源和被测样品, 单次曝光即可实现, 实验结果验证了本文所提方法的可行性. 关键词： 数字全息显微术 角分复用 偏振复用 波长复用     

场景轮廓的动态规划立体匹配算法

立体匹配算法是三维重建的关键步骤。由于实际场景中经常存在大片灰度相近的区域,稠密三维重建存在计算时间长、实时性差的问题。采用了场景的轮廓来重建场景的方法。基于场景中相邻点之间的视差应当是连续的假设,解决了轮廓在匹配时存在的"噪点"的问题,利用动态规划法对轮廓上各个点的视差进行约束以及求解最优解。由于提取轮廓后需要匹配的点数大为减少,用时可减少为原来的10%,得到与场景一致的轮廓视差图。     

超声内镜辅助下ESD治疗上消化道隆起性病变的疗效及安全性探讨

目的探讨超声内镜对于应用ESD治疗上消化道隆起性病变的疗效及安全性。方法20例上消化道黏膜局限性隆起病变,先行超声内镜检查,再采用ESD进行治疗,比较术前超声内镜诊断与内镜治疗术后病理结果的一致性,记录手术耗时、整块切除率、并发症发生率及局部残留复发率。结果食管病变6例,其中早癌及高级别上皮内瘤变各1例,平滑肌瘤4例;胃内病变14例,其中胃早癌及高级别上皮内瘤变各3例,异位胰腺1例,间质瘤7例。术前EUS诊断与术后病理结果的一致性为100%。手术时间16~100（32.8±15.7）min;整块切除率85%,出血率为20%,穿孔率10%,术后随访1～12个月,无残留与复发。结论超声内镜对消化道黏膜隆起性病变诊断准确率高,超声内镜辅助下ESD治疗上消化道隆起性病变安全有效。     

乳腺癌改良根治术后应用高负压引流的效果观察和护理

乳腺癌是女性常见的恶性肿瘤之一,改良根治术是目前国内治疗乳腺癌的最常用方法[1]。皮下积液和皮瓣坏死是改良根治术的常见并发症,其发生率约为10%-30%[2]。在引起皮下积液和皮瓣坏死的众多因素中,术后创面引流不畅是一个关键的原因。我科采用一次性高负压引流系统应用于乳腺癌改良根治术后患者,取得了良好的效果,现报道如下。     

Real-time three-dimensional infrared imaging using fringe projection profilometry

Infrared thermography determines the surface temperature of an object or human body. It is a promising imaging technology for medical and biological observations due to its contactless and completely non- invasive properties. However, traditional two-dimensional （2D） infrared thermography cannot retain the spatial information, and thus provides only qualitative diagnosis information. A novel real-time three- dimensional （3D） infrared imaging system which takes full advantages of high-speed, high-quality, high- sensitivity, and low-cost in 3D thermograph is presented. We demonstrate the real-time 3D thermal imaging at the speed of 24 frmnes per second （fps）, with resolution of 640 ×480 points. Experimental results demonstrate quantitatively measurement of temperature distribution of 3D surfaces in real-time is realized with this system.     

傅里叶变换轮廓术中滤波窗方位选择研究

在傅里叶变换轮廓术频域滤波过程中通常采用不对称的汉宁窗滤波窗来提取基频信号,当投影呈二维变化的光栅条纹时,采用的滤波窗长短轴方向和载频方向不吻合,会导致被测物体的部分高频信息丢失,从而影响相位展开的难易程度和系统测量的精度。分析比较物体高度的分布与频谱的关系,通过旋转滤波窗使其短轴方向与载频方向一致,可以保留物体的高频信息,降低相位展开的复杂度,提高测量的精确度。计算机模拟和实物实验结果表明滤波窗旋转滤波可以避免相位展开在物体高度突变处的出错,有效地提高测量精度。     

Effect of the nonlinearity of the CCD in Fourier transform profilometry on spectrum overlapping and measurement accuracy

In Fourier transform profilometry (FTP), we must restrain spectrum overlapping caused by the nonlinearity of the charge coupled device (CCD) and increase the measurement accuracy of the object shape. Firstly, the causes of producing higher-order spectrum components and inducing spectrum overlapping are analysed theoretically, and a simple physical explanation and analytical deduction are given. Secondly, aiming to suppress spectrum overlapping and improve measurement accuracy, the influence of spatial carrier frequency of projection grating on them is analysed. A method of increasing the spatial carrier frequency of projection grating to restrain or reduce the spectrum overlapping significantly is proposed. We then analyze the mechanism of how the spectrum overlapping is reduced. Finally, the simulation results and experimental measurements verify the correction of the proposed theory and method.