纳米金增效微重量法核酸检测的研究

用纳米金增效以提高微重量法检测核酸的灵敏度。实验研究了纳米金粒径大小对核酸探针固定的表面密度的影响以及探针密度对靶核酸杂交效率的影响。研究表明,核酸检测灵敏度与纳米金的粒径大小有密切关系。与粒径为5、15 nm的纳米金相比,用粒径25 nm的纳米金可以获得较高的杂交效率,检测的灵敏度也较高。本实验方法检测核酸的线性范围为0.05~1.2×10-6mol/L;检出限为1.0×10-8mol/L。     

Spectral broadening of a few-cycle laser pulse propagating in fused quartz

Results of theoretical study of nonlinear propagation of a few-cycle laser pulse in a fused quartz are presented. With use of the finite-difference technique we have integrated numerically the system of the nonlinear Maxwell equations describing the propagation of a linearly polarized pulse at the central wavelength in the range of zero dispersion (λ₀ = 1.27 μm) and duration 20 fs. The evolution of the laser pulse spectrum is calculated and the dependences of the shift of the spectral peak on both the strength of electric field and medium length are obtained.     

Influence of Fluorine Impurity on the Spectroscopic Characteristics of Quartz Glasses under Gamma Irradiation

We consider the absorption, luminescence, and Raman spectra upon gamma-quanta irradiation of quartz glasses manufactured by a sol-gel technology. The influence of the change in a regime of synthesis of the glass on its radiation stability is considered.     

A Study on a Partially Immersed Gold Electrode Using an Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Impedance System

Simultaneous and fast measurement of the piezoelectric quartz crystal (PQC) impedanceduring electrochemical pertUrbations, i.e., the electrochemical quartz crystal impedancesystem (EQCIS) called by us, characterizes the PQC resonance better by providingmultidimensional in sl'tu piezoelectric information than the conventional electrochemicalquartz crystal microbalance (EQCM)'-'. The PQC impedance has been analyzed basedon the Butterworth-Van Dyke (BVD) equivalent electrical circuit com…     

界面氢键对受限水结构和动态特性的影响

应用反应力场分子动力学方法, 模拟了水限制在全羟基化二氧化硅晶体表面间的弛豫过程, 研究了基底表面与水形成的界面氢键, 及其对受限水结构和动态特性行为的影响. 当基底表面硅醇固定时, 靠近基底表面水分子中的氧原子与基底表面的氢原子形成强氢键, 这使得靠近表面水分子中的氧原子比对应的氢原子更靠近基底表面, 从而水分子的偶极矩远离表面. 当基底表面硅醇可动时, 靠近基底表面水分子与基底表面原子形成两种强氢键, 一种是水分子中的氧原子与表面的氢原子形成的强氢键, 数量较少, 另一种是水分子中的氢原子与表面的氧原子形成的强氢键, 数量较多, 这使得靠近表面水分子中的氢原子比对应的氧原子更靠近表面, 从而水分子的偶极矩指向表面. 在相同几何间距下, 当基底表面硅醇可动时, 表面的活动性使得几何限制作用减弱, 导致了受限水分层现象没有固定表面限制下的明显. 此外, 固定表面比可动表面与水形成的界面氢键作用较强, 数量较多, 导致了可动表面限制下水的运动更为剧烈.     

Affinity Study of Novel Gelatin Cell Carriers for Fibronectin

In the present work, the gelatin/fibronectin affinity was evaluated using SPR, QCM and radiolabelling. The results indicate that type A gelatin films possess a higher affinity for Fn compared to type B gelatin. This is due to a combined hydrophobic and electrostatic interaction between gelatin type A and Fn. In a second part, the affinity of Fn for porous gelatin scaffolds was evaluated. The scaffolds were prepared by a cryogenic treatment and subsequent freeze‐drying yielding type I and type II scaffolds which possess different pore geometries/sizes. The results indicate that the Fn density on the scaffolds can be fine‐tuned by varying the Fn concentration, the gelatin type (A vs. B), the pore size/geometry (type I vs. type II scaffolds).

     

电化学石英晶体微天平研究碱性介质中单层级铂原子修饰的金电极上甲醇的电催化氧化

通过在Au电极表面欠电位沉积(UPD)Cu、再与Pt源(H2PtCl6或K2PtCl4)进行置换反应,制得单层级Pt原子修饰的金电极(对H2PtCl6或K2PtCl4,所制电极分别记为Pt(CuUPD-Pt4+)n/Au或Pt(CuUPD-Pt2+)n/Au,n表示欠电位沉积-置换过程的重复次数).用电化学石英晶体微天平(EQCM)技术定量研究了所制电极,评估了其在碱性环境中催化甲醇氧化的质量比活性(SECA).结果表明,以H2PtCl6为Pt源所制电极(Pt(CuUPD-Pt4+)3/Au)的活性更高,最大SECA高达35.7mAμg-1.根据EQCM结果计算了置换效率,籍此讨论了Pt原子在Au电极表面的层层组装结构,发现所制电极表面的裸Au位点分布百分数与实验结果(由AuOx还原峰电量测算)吻合.我们认为,EQCM技术是一种定量研究电极支撑的超薄催化剂的有效手段,这种高效的单层级贵金属催化剂有望在生物、能源、环境相关的电催化研究中进一步应用.     

High sensitive piezoelectric quartz crystal liquid density sensor

<正>We report for the first time a cleavage phenomenon in the resonant peak of a piezoelectric quartz crystal(PQC) in liquid phase.In the presence of a strong longitudinal wave effect,an additional resonant peak appears in the conductance-frequency curve.With gradually increasing liquid density,the additional peak moves from low to high frequency region then disappears.The frequency of the additional resonant peak is sensitive to the change in liquid density.The frequency shift of the additional peak is linear with the liquid density in a given range.For a 5 MHz PQC with a reflection distance of 16 mm for longitudinal wave,the sensitivity to liquid density is 2.61×10~6 Hz g~(-1) cm~3.The overlap between the primary resonant peak and the additional resonant peak causes a decrease in the intensity of the former and an increase in the intensity of the latter.In a combined impedance analysis method,the changes in surface mass loading,density and viscosity of the liquid were monitored simultaneously by a PQC sensor.     

Synthesis of powder-like fine crystalline quartz

Abstract

A method of preparation of monodisperse powder-like fine crystalline quartz as separate well-faceted crystals of fixed size was developed. The size and habit of crystals are controlled during the process of their synthesis. The process is performed in two stages. Sol of monodisperse silica is obtained by hydrolysis of silica organic compounds at the first stage. The synthesis of fine crystalline quartz of fixed size from the silica sol is realized by means of its recrystallization at the second stage.     

Calorimetry of Portland cement with metakaolins, quartz and gypsum additions

In this work two aluminic pozzolans (metakaolins) and a non-pozzolan were added to two Portland cements with very different mineral composition, to determine the effect on the rate of heat release and the mechanisms involved. The main analytical techniques deployed were: conduction calorimetry, pozzolanicity and XRD. The results showed that the two metakaolins induced stimulation of the hydration reactions due to the generation of pozzolanic activity at very early stage, because of their reactive alumina, Al₂O₃^r− contents, mainly. Such stimulation was found to be more specific than generic for more intense C₃A hydration than C₃S, at least at very early on into the reaction, and more so when 7.0% SO₃ was added, and for this reason, such stimulation is described as ‘indirect’ to differentiate it from the ‘direct’ variety. As a result of both stimulations, the heat of hydration released is easy to assimilate to a Synergistic Calorific Effect.