PET,PBT结晶过程Avrami方程的探讨

用解偏振光法研究了PET,PBT以及PET-PBT,PBT-PBI共聚物在不同条件下的等温结晶过程.结果表明,Avrami指数n值和结晶速度常数随条件不同呈明显规律变化,且n值在绝大多数情况下不成整数.由此提出了这样的假设:n值是一个与晶核中结晶生长点数目相关的参数.     

铜在乳状液膜体系中的迁移行为

近年来膜分离技术在环境治理方面得到广泛应用。本文研究了铜在span80-TBP（磷酸三丁酯）-煤油-NH3液膜分离体系中的迁移行为。用TBP作为载体,在溶液中迁移时,在外相与膜相界面上形成中性络合物后穿过膜相,在膜相与内相界面上络合物再与NH3反应,生成铜氨络离子,释放出来的TBP又返回膜相。     

中间嵌段为亲水性的BAB型三嵌段共聚物水溶液中初级聚集体的二次聚集行为研究

采用TEM和AFM研究了PS(聚苯乙烯)₄₃-b-PEO(聚氧乙烯)₄₅-b-PS₄₃和PS₃₉-b-P4VP(聚4-乙烯基吡啶)₉₈-b-PS₃₉三嵌段共聚物在水介质中的球形胶束、囊泡和蠕虫状胶束之间的二次聚集行为.实验发现,初级聚集体的二次聚集具有不同的复杂程度.对称性的初级聚集体,如球形胶束和囊泡,其二次聚集表现出球形对称性;而非对称性初级聚集体(如蠕虫状胶束)二次聚集开始倾向于非对称性.BAB型的嵌段设计有利于初级聚集体的二次聚集发生.     

白蛋白原位复合的生物医用功能材料的研究(Ⅱ)──白蛋白的选择性吸附和血液相容性研究

采用¹²⁵I放射标记技术研究了血浆白蛋白和纤维蛋白原在聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯-接枝-十八烷基聚氧乙烯(PMMA-g-SPEO)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯-接枝-乙基聚氧乙烯(PMMA-g-EPEO)和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯-甲基丙烯酸十八酯共聚物(PMMA-co-SMA)表面的竞争吸附行为.结果表明,十八烷基聚氧乙烯复合修饰的PMMA-g-SPEO可高选择性地形成白蛋白可逆吸附层,有效地阻抗血小板的粘附,延长材料的凝血时间,是一种理想的白蛋白原位复合的生物医用功能材料.     

工业CT技术及其NDT应用

ＣＴ（Ｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｄ Ｔｏｍｏｇｒａｐｈｙ）,即计算机层析成像技术或计算机断层扫描技术,是一种高新技术．它是物理学和计算机科学的发展产物,或者说,它是核物理学与现代图像理论相结合而产生的一门边缘学科．ＣＴ技术最引人注目的应用是在医学临床诊断领域,被人们称作医用ＣＴ（ＭＣＴ）,用于对人体的病灶作断层扫描,尔后以图像方式分析和确定病状．对此,医用ＣＴ已是家喻户晓,成为临床医学诊断不可或缺最为有效的手段．如今,医用ＣＴ已发展到了第五代,即超高速动态三维ＣＴ．因此,ＣＴ技术被公认为是２０世纪后期最伟大…     

紫外波段有机染料DMT掺杂SiO2薄膜的光谱特性

本文采用溶胶 凝胶法合成了紫外波段有机染料DMT掺杂SiO2 薄膜和块体材料 薄膜中掺杂浓度高达 1 2 4× 1 0 - 2 mol/L ,块体材料浓度掺至 1 5× 1 0 - 3mol/L 由于SiO2“笼”的束缚作用 ,在荧光光谱中未观察到荧光猝灭现象 ;由于SiO2 “笼”的极化作用 ,370nm的发射峰较其在环己烷中发生了 34～ 44nm左右的红移 ;580～ 590nm的发射峰的量子效率比 370nm的发射峰略高     

Numerical investigation of three-dimensional viscous incompressible flows in divergent curved channels and turbulent model study

In order to make the numerical calculation of viscous flows more convenient for the flows in channel with complicated profile governing equations expressed in the arbitrary curvilinear coordinates were derived by means of Favre density- weighted averaged method, and a turbulent model with effect of curvature modification was also derived. The numerical calculation of laminar and turbulent flows in divergent curved channels was carried out by means of parabolized computation method. The calculating results were used to analyze and investigate the aerodynamic performance of stator cascades in compressors preliminarily.     

聚氧乙烯交联网络-硫氰化钠络合体系离子电导的研究

合成了甲基丙烯酸聚氧乙烯酯大分子单体,其中含有少量双端酯化的单体。大分子单体经热交联,形成交联网络型聚氧乙烯,其与硫氰化钠形成的络合物的室温电导率较同类线型聚合物高二个数量级以上(～10^-5Ω^-1cm^-1/298K)。红外光谱表明:交联网络含较高的非晶成份。不同络合溶剂对形成的络合物聚集态有明显影响;络合盐浓度也对络合物结晶性有影响。     

On the sensitive dynamical system and the transition from the apparently deterministic process to the completely random process

The detailed analysis of the dynamical process of coin tossing is made. Through calculations, it is illustrated how and why the result is extremely sensitive to the initial conditions. It is also shown that, as the initial height of the mass center of the coin increases, the final configuration, i.e. head or tail, becomes more and more sensitive to the initial parameters (the initial velocity angular velocity, and the initial orientation), the coefficient of the air drag, and the energy absorption factor of the surface on which the coin bounces. If we keep the head upward initially but allow a small range for the change of some other initial parameters, the frequency that the final configuration is head, would be 1 if the initial height h of the mass center is sufficiently small, and would be clo to 1/2 if h is sufficiently large. An interesting question is how this frequency changes continuously from 1 to 1/2 as h increases. Detailed calculations show that such a transition is very similar to the transition from laminar to turbulent flows. A basic difference between the transition stage and the completely random stage is indicated: In the completely random stage, the deterministic process of the individual case is extremely sensitive to the initial conditions and the dynamical parameters, out the statistical properties of the ensemble are insensitive to the small changes of the initial conditions and the dynamical parameters. On the contrary, in the transition stage, both the deterministic process of the individual case and the statistical properties of the ensemble are sensitive to the initial conditions and the dynamical parameters. The mechanism for this feature of the transition stage is the existence of the long-train structure in the parameter space. The illuminations of this analysis on some other random phenomena are discussed.