Use of cyclodextrin‐modified gold nanoparticles for enantioseparations of drugs and amino acids based on pseudostationary phase‐capillary electrochromatography

The application of chemical‐modified gold nanoparticles (GNPs) as chiral selector for the enantioseparation based on pseudostationary phase‐CEC (PSP‐CEC) is presented. GNPs modified by thiolated β‐CD were characterized by NMR and FT‐IR. The nanoparticle size was determined to be of 9.5 nm (+2.5 nm) by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and UV spectra. Four pairs of dinitrophenyl‐labeled amino acid enantiomers (DL‐Val, Leu, Glu and Asp) and three pairs of drug enantiomers (RS‐chlorpheniramine, zopiclone and carvedilol) were analyzed by using modified GNPs as the chiral selector in PSP‐CEC. Good theoretical plate number (up to 2.4×10⁵ per meter) and separation resolution (up to 4.7) were obtained even with low concentration of modified GNPs (0.8–1.4 mg/mL). The corresponding concentration of β‐CD in the buffer was only 0.30?0.53 mM, which was much lower than the optimum concentration of 15 mM if pure β‐CD was used as chiral selector. Our results showed that thiolated β‐CD modified GNPs have more sufficient interaction with the analytes, resulting in significant enhancement of enantioseparation. The study shed light on potential usage of chemical modified GNPs as chiral selector for enantioseparation based on PSP‐CEC.     

A 4-Methylumbelliferone-based Fluorescent Probe for Sodium New Houttuyfonate

A new fluorogenic probe for sodium new houttuyfonate (SNH) was proposed. 4‐Methylumbelliferyl‐2,4‐dinitrobenzenesulfonate (4‐MUDNBS) was a nonfluorescent compound and was synthesized via the one‐step reaction of 4‐methylumbelliferone (4‐MU) with 2,4‐dinitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride. In basic media, SNH was decomposed to produce sodium sulfite, which then reacted with 4‐MUDNBS to yield highly fluorescent 4‐MU, hence leading to the fluorescence increase of the reaction solution. A linear correlation existed between the emission intensity and the concentration of SNH within the range from 0.5 to 15 μg·mL⁻¹ with a detection limit of 0.15 μg· mL⁻¹ (3δ). The effect of substituents on the benzenesulfonyl moiety of the probe is discussed, and the presence of electronegative groups is favorable for the proposed cleavage reaction.     

Growth and properties of ZnO nanorod and nanonails by thermal evaporation

ZnO nanorods and nanonails have been synthesized on silicon wafers by a three-step catalyst-free thermal evaporation method in oxygen atmosphere. All the samples were hexagonal phase ZnO with highly c-axis preferential orientation. Different morphologies of ZnO nanostructures, i.e. ZnO nanorods and two kinds of nanonails, were observed at various temperature regions. Photoluminescence, transmission electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscope were employed to elucidate the reason for the formation of such different rod-like structures. The analysis results demonstrated that the caps of nanonails possess a large number of oxygen vacancies, which may play a key role in determining the formation of nanonails and the high intensity of green emission.     

Generalized Halanay inequalities for dissipativity of Volterra functional differential equations

This paper is concerned with the dissipativity of theoretical solutions to nonlinear Volterra functional differential equations (VFDEs). At first, we give some generalizations of Halanay's inequality which play an important role in study of dissipativity and stability of differential equations. Then, by applying the generalization of Halanay's inequality, the dissipativity results of VFDEs are obtained, which provides unified theoretical foundation for the dissipativity analysis of systems in ordinary differential equations (ODEs), delay differential equations (DDEs), integro-differential equations (IDEs), Volterra delay-integro-differential equations (VDIDEs) and VFDEs of other type which appear in practice.     

线性流形上矩阵方程B^TXB=D的加权最小二乘对称解和解的最佳逼近

本文利用矩阵的奇异值分解（SVD）,给出了在一流形上矩阵方程B^TXB=D的加权最小二乘对称解的通解表达式,并解决了加权最小二乘对称解的最佳逼近问题。     

The first single-crystal X-ray structural refinement of the superconducting phase Li0.2(1) ZrNCl derived by intercalation

The single crystals of the superconducting Li_0.2(1)ZrNCl have been derived from the single crystals of β-ZrNCl by intercalation of lithium using an n-butyllithium solution in hexane. The crystal structure has been refined on the basis of the single-crystal X-ray data: the space group R-3m, a=3.591(1) Å, c=27.839(6) Å, Z=6, R1=0.0749 for 196 reflections and 12 variables. β-ZrNCl is isotypic with SmSI, while the structure of Li_0.2(1)ZrNCl can be described as the Li intercalated YOF type, a stacking variant of the SmSI type. The tightly bound slabs with a Cl-Zr-N-N-Zr-Cl sequence of close-packed layers are stacked rhombohedrally along the c-axis, with the van der Waals gaps between the chlorine layers hosting Li ions. This is the first single-crystal study on the Li intercalated phase. The structural changes from the pristine single crystals were precisely determined.     

Nonlinear spectroscopy of three-photon excitation of cesium Rydberg atoms in vapor cell

We present nonlinear spectra of four-level ladder cesium atoms employing 6 S1/2→6 P3/2→7 S1/2→30 P3/2 scheme of a room temperature vapor cell.A coupling laser drives Rydberg transition,a dressing laser couples two intermediate levels,and a probe laser optically probes the nonlinear spectra via electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT).Nonlinear spectra are detected as a function of coupling laser frequency.The observed spectra exhibit an enhanced absorption(EA) signal at coupling laser resonance to Rydberg transition and enhanced transmission(ET) signals at detunings to the transition.We define the enhanced absorption(transmission) strength,HEA(HET),and distance between two ET peaks,γET,to describe the spectral feature of the four-level atoms.The enhanced absorption signal HEA is found to have a maximum value when we vary the dressing laser Rabi frequency Ωd,corresponding Rabi frequency is defined as a separatrix point,ΩdSe.The values of ΩdSe and further η=ΩdSe/Ωc are found to depend on the probe and coupling Rabi frequency but not the atomic density.Based on ΩdSe,the spectra can be separated into two regimes,weak and strong dressing ranges,Ωd≤ΩdSe and Ωd≥QdSe,respectively.The spectroscopies display different features at these two regimes.A four-level theoretical model is developed that agrees well with the experimental results in terms of the probe-beam absorption behavior of Rabi frequency-dependent dressed states.     

Pure single line oscillation of HF lasers in fine atmospheric window

Applied Physics B - A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-021-07611-y     

苯并咪唑基铜配位聚合物定向合成子代配合物：小分子配体取代反应及配合物晶体结构

由配合物作前驱体(简称:前驱体配合物)来制备子代配合物是配合物定向合成的有效方法之一。与一般的有机配体相比,前驱体配合物拥有特定的、相对稳定的结构骨架,并且在一定的反应条件下能够与有机配体之间进行定向自组装,形成具有预期结构的配合物,同时还能把自己的结构特征"遗传"给子代配合物。本论文选择一个一维长链铜配合物{[Cu(bbbm)(CH_3COO)_2]·(CH_3OH)_2}n(Q)[bbbm=1,1’-(1,4-丁基)-二-(1-H-苯并咪唑)]作为前驱体配合物,通过小分子配体的取代、加成反应获得了一个新的子代配合物[Cu(bbbm)(N_3)_2(Py)]n(1)。单晶衍射分析结果显示子代配合物(1)"遗传"了前驱体配合物(Q)的一维长链结构。我们还进一步研究了反应前后配合物的配位方式、bbbm配体构象变化及其催化性能变化。