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11.
研究了宁波甬江铁路大桥的大挠度非线性设计计算问题.提出了非线性方程的叠代近似算法,同时指出了如果两岸落差约5m,两岸跨度约100m计算,则桥梁中间的最大斜度将超过5%,这远远超过铁路设计允许的斜度.为此,提出了减小路轨斜度的设计方案,即铁路在两岸都有长度约1km斜度为0.5%的路基,使两岸的落差减小到约为原来落差的1/10.这样路轨在跨越甬江时,其挠度的斜度就会大大缩小,也在0.5%～0.6%之间. 相似文献
12.
根据一般形状的三维弹性板不用Kirchhoff-Love假设的近似理论[1],[2],作者导出了三维弹性圆板的广义变分泛函,从而得到了圆板四周固定和一侧受均布载荷下的一级近似理论的微分方程和有关边界条件,其解析解答留待另文处理. 相似文献
13.
本文在Love-Kirchhoff的假定下,求得了一般旋转壳在轴对称变形下的复变量方程.当旋转壳是圆截面环壳时,这些方程简化为F.Tölke(1938)[3],R.A.Clark(1950)和B.B.Новожилов(1951)[3]的方程.当平均半径R比环截面半径a大得很多时,求得了细环壳的复变量方程,当这个细环壳的截面是圆形时,简化作为作者(1979)[6]的圆截面的细环壳复变量方程,我们列出了椭圆截面的细环壳复变量方程.当椭圆截面近似于圆截面时,该方程在形式上和圆细环壳方程基本相同. 相似文献
14.
15.
钱伟长 《应用数学和力学(英文版)》1985,6(1):25-39
In this paper, the generalizd variational principles of plate bending, froblems are established from their minimum potential energy principle and minimum complementary energy principle through the elimination of their constraints by means of the method of Lagrange multipliers. The involutory transformations are also introduced in order to reduce the order of differentiations for the variables in the variation. Funhermore, these involutory transformations become infacl the additional constraints in the varialion. and additional Lagrange multipliers may be used in order to remove these additional constraints. Thus, various multi-variable variational principles are obtained for the plate bending problems. However, it is observed that. nol all the constrainls ofva’iaticn can be removed simply by the ordinary method of linear Lagrange multipliers. In such cases, the method of high-order Lagrange multipliers are usedto remove iliose constrainls left over by ordinary linear multiplier method. And consequently. some funct ionals of more general forms are oblained for the generaleed variational principles of plate bending problems. 相似文献
16.
柱形弹体对刚性靶体的纵向撞击塑性变形理论是G.I.泰勒[1]首先提出的.这个理论的重要性在于通过这个理论可以从实验数据计算动力屈服强度,而且从实验结果[2]中看到,动力屈服强度和撞击速度无关,动力屈服强度高于静力屈服强度,对某些材料而言,可以超出好几倍.这样就为弹塑性撞击研究提供了一个重要的根据.但是,泰勒理论由于微分方程的复杂性,求解过程都是数值计算,这样对使用其结果时深感不便.本文提供了全部分析解,并对其结果进行了讨论.本文对冲量计算进行了修正,修正理论的分析解指出,其结果比泰勒理论的解更加符合实验[2]. 相似文献
17.
钱伟长 《应用数学和力学(英文版)》1982,3(3):319-334
There are some common difficulties encountered in elastic-plastic impact codes such as EPIC[1,2], NONSAP[3] etc. Most of these codes use the simple linear functions usually taken from static problems to represent the displacement components. In such finite element formulation, the strain and stress components are constants in every element. In the equations of motion, the stress components in general appear in the form of their space derivatives. Thus, if we use such form functions to represent the displacement components, the effect of internal stresses to the equations of motion vanishes identically. The usual practice to overcome such difficulties is to establish as self-equilibrium system of internal forces acting on various nodal points by means of transforming equations of motion into variational form of energy relation through the application of virtual displacement principle. The nodal acceleration is then calculated from the total force acting on this node from all the neighbouring elements. The transformation of virtual displacement principle into the variational energy form is performed on the bases of continuity conditions of stress and displacement throughout the integrated space. That is to say, on the interface boundary of finite element, the assumed displacement and stress functions should be conformed. However, it is easily seen that, for linear form function of finite element calculation, the displacement continues everywhere, but not the stress components. Thus, the convergence of such kind of finite element computation is open to question. This kind of treatment has never been justified even in approximation sense. Furthermore, the calculation of nodal points needs a rule to calculate the mass matrix. There are two ways to establish mass matrix, namely lumped mass method and consistent mass method [4]. The consistent mass matrix can be obtained naturally through finite element formulation, which is consistent to the assumed form functions. However, the resulting consistent mass matrix is not in diagonalized form, which is inconvenient for numerical computation. For most codes, the lumped mass matrix is used, and in this case, the element mass is distributed in certain assumed proportions to all the nodal points of this element. The lumped mass matrix is diagonalized with diagonal terms composed of the nodal mass. However, the lumped mass assumption has never been justified. All these difficulties are originated from the simple linear form functions usually used in static problems.In this paper, we introduce a new quadratic form function for elastic-plastic impact problems. This quadratic form function possesses diagonalized consistent mass matrix, and non-vanishing effect of internal stress to the equations of motion. Thus with this kind of dynamic finite element, all above-said difficulties can be eliminated. 相似文献
18.
钱伟长 《应用数学和力学(英文版)》1983,4(2):143-157
It is known[1]that the minimum principles of potential energy andcomplementary energy are the conditional variation principles underrespective conditions of constraints.By means of the method of La-grange multipliers,we are able to reduce the functionals of condi-tional variation principles to new functionals of non-conditionalvariation principles.This method can be described as follows:Mul-tiply undetermined Lagrange multipliers by various constraints,andadd these products to the original functionals.Considering these un-determined Lagrange multipliers and the original variables in thesenew functionals as independent variables of variation,we can see thatthe stationary conditions of these functionals give these undeter-mined Lagrange multipliers in terms of original variables.The sub-stitutions of these results for Lagrange multipliers into the abovefunctionals lead to the functionals of these non-conditional varia-tion principles.However,in certain cases,some of the undetermined Lagrangemultipliers ma 相似文献
19.
本文就胡海昌先生提出的等价定理的论争,申述个人的观点和论证,与胡海昌先生商榷。本文主要论证了下列三点: (1)通过待定的拉格朗日乘子法证明了胡海昌-鹫津久一郎原理(下文简称胡鹫原理)的三类变量之间并不独立,应力应变关系仍然是应力和应变之间应该首先满足的变分约束条件。这个变分原理只是在形式上有应力、应变、位移三类变量,在实际上,这些变量中只有两类是独立的。(2)通过高阶拉格朗日乘子法,我们求得了比胡海昌鹫津久一郎原理的泛函更一般形式的具有三类变量的变分泛函,而且证明有无穷个这样的变分泛函。利用唯一性定理,我们证明了这些泛函的变量中必须满足应力应变关系这个条件。同样也证明了胡鹫原理并不是三类变量都独立的和没有任何约束条件的完全的变分原理,而是一个以应力应变关系为变分约束条件的变分原理。(3)在应力应变关系的变分约束条件下,我们证明了Hellinger-Reissner原理和胡鹫原理的等价定理。本文的结论是:等价定理是正确的,并非象胡海昌先生所指的那样是“误解”。郭仲衡、戴天民、陈至达、刘殿魁、张其洁、邬瑞铎、奚肖风等通过各自的努力,在各种变分问题上论证了等价定理,都是正确的,没有什么“误解”,更没有“误入迷途”。胡海昌先生认为大家都有“误解”的原因,似乎在于当年胡海昌先生建立泛函时,采用了猜试再猜试的方法,无法证明三类变量之间,究竟是完全独立的,还是存在着什么变分约束条件。 相似文献
20.