冲击条件下含纳米空洞的单晶铜的塌缩

利用分子动力学方法研究了单晶铜中不同大小的球形空洞在冲击波下的演化过程.模拟结果表明不同大小空洞的塌缩过程不同.模拟中冲击波由空洞左边扫向空洞右边.在较大尺寸的空洞塌缩过程中会产生系列的位错环.当空洞半径较小时,先在空洞的右侧形成位错环,当空洞半径增大到某一临界大小时,在空洞左右两侧同时产生位错环,当空洞半径较大时,先在空洞左侧形成位错环.当空洞左右两侧的位错环均形成以后,其右侧位错环前端的生长速度大于其左侧的.空洞半径增大,相应的位错环前端的生长速度变化不大.当空洞半径增大时,空洞中心指向位错源的矢量方 关键词： 纳米空洞 位错环 冲击波 塑性变形     

双振荡场产生正负电子对的理论研究

在强电磁场下真空产生正负电子对的研究中,多场的组合扮演重要的角色.本文运用计算量子场论方法在全时空数值求解狄拉克方程,研究了两个空间分离的局域化振荡电场击穿真空产生正负电子对的过程.结果表明通过选取合适的场参数,两场的相互作用可以显著增强正负电子对的产生.两场的相互作用使产生正负电子对的动量分布曲线出现了周期性的振荡,并导致了非对称的多光子跃迁过程.通过含时微扰理论分析得出,正负电子对的动量分布的周期性振荡可由电场宽度、电场频率和两场间距共同决定.两场间距能够改变正负电子对动量分布的变化周期,随着两场间距的增大,产生正负电子对的动量(能量)的单一性得到优化;电场宽度不仅影响正负电子对动量分布的峰谷高度差,还会改变其在动量空间峰值的展宽;根据能量守恒定律,电场频率的增大使得产生粒子对的动量随之变大.因此,通过选择合适电场参数可以抑制或加强特定动量分布的正负电子对,这为今后的实验设计提供了重要的理论指导.     

Numerical Simulation of Anisotropic Preheating Ablative Rayleigh-Taylor Instability

The linear growth rate of the anisotropic preheating ablative Rayleigh-Taylor instability （ARTI） is studied by numerical simulations. The preheating model κ （T）=κSH [1＋f（T）] is applied, where f（T） is the preheating function interpreting the preheating tongue effect in the cold plasma ahead of the ablative front. An arbitrary coefficient D is introduced in the energy equation to study the influence of transverse thermal conductivity on the growth of the ARTI. We find that enhancing diffusion in a plane transverse to the mean longitudinal flow can strongly reduce the growth of the instability. Numerical simulations exhibit a significant stabilization of the ablation front by improving the transverse thermal conduction. Our results are in general agreement with the theory analysis and numerical simulations by Masse [Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 （2007） 245001].     

Multimode Coupling Theory for Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability in Incompressible Fluid

A weakly nonlinear model is proposed for multimode Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. The second-order mode coupling formula for Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in two-dimensional incompressible fluid is presented by expanding the perturbation velocity potential to second order. It is found that there is an important resonance in the course of the sum frequency mode coupling but the difference frequency mode coupling does not have. This resonance makes the sum frequency mode coupling process relatively complex. The sum frequency mode coupling is strongly dependent on time especially when the density of the two fluids is adjacent and the difference frequency mode coupling is not.     

二维可压缩流体Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性

利用高精度数值格式,研究了二维可压缩流体中的Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性,主要研究了可压缩性对Kelvin-Helmholtz稳定性增长率的影响.模拟定量的给出低Mach和高Mach数两种情况下,初始静压和对流Mach数以及Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性线性增长率的关系.模拟结果和自由剪切层以及混合层的实验结果以及理论分析一致.模拟表明,对流Mach数是描述流体可压缩性的合适参数,对流Mach数越小流体越不可压,Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性的线性增长率随对流Mach数的增加而减小. 关键词： Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性 可压缩流体 Mach数 超音速流体     

光弹材料载荷过程中红外辐射特征机理的计算分析

基于材料的热力学关系和能量守恒定律,给出弹性体形变过程中红外辐射温度改变量和辐出度变化的物理计算方程.并结合有限元方法进行物理建模,对光弹材料三点弯载荷实验过程中的红外辐射出射度的分布进行数值计算和模拟.结果与实验结果吻合较好,表明模型及其相关理论是合理的,可以用来量化揭示实验中的红外辐射特征.从而得到一种能够利用计算机量化分析固体材料载荷过程中红外辐射特征机理的计算方法.     

2D parameter optimization of Ne-like Cr x-ray laser on slab

A method of studying a non-equilibrium x-ray laser plasma is developed by extending the existing one-dimensional similarity equations to the case of two-dimensional plasma study in the directions perpendicular to the slab and along a focal line. With this method the characteristics of pre-plasma are optimized for transient neon-like Cr x-ray laser. It is found that when the duration and the intensity of 1.053μm pre-pulse are 1.2ns and 6.5 TW/cm² respectively with a delay time of 1.5ns, the temperature and the temperature discrepancy each approach a proper state, which will provide a uniform distribution of properly ionized neon-like Cr ions before the arrival of pumping pulse.     

带孔洞的金属拉伸的分子动力学

在不同负静压下对中心带有一个球形孔洞的面心立方金属铜进行分子动力学模拟,从晶体的形变,原子分布示意图,径向分布函数等方面进行讨论.发现在弱的负压下,孔洞及材料作弹性变形,超过一定阈值时出现塑性变形,并在局部出现相变.在极强的负压下,材料断裂.随拉伸应力的增加,材料经历弹性均匀拉伸——局部fcc到hcp的相变及缺陷的产生——缺陷积累产生微裂纹或空洞——材料断裂的过程.     

双界面耦合作用对KH不稳定的影响（英）

研究了含有中间层的流体系统的双界面KH不稳定性。计算发现:由于耦合作用,界面KH不稳定性呈现出不同的增长模式。主要研究了对增长率影响最大的夹层厚度对增长模式的影响,发现厚度小于半个扰动波长时,耦合作用必须考虑。另外发现在特定厚度下,界面不稳定性将出现简并的增长模式。     

Three-Dimensional Lattice Boltzmann Model for High-Speed Compressible Flows

A highly efficient three-dimensional （31）） Lattice Boltzmann （LB） model for high-speed compressible flows is proposed. This model is developed from the original one by Kataoka and Tsutahara [Phys. Rev. E 69 （2004） 056702]. The convection term is discretized by the Non-oscillatory, containing No free parameters and Dissipative （NND） scheme, which effectively damps oscillations at discontinuities. To be more consistent with the kinetic theory of viscosity and to further improve the numerical stability, an additional dissipation term is introduced. Model parameters are chosen in such a way that the von Neumann stability criterion is satisfied. The new model is validated by well-known benchmarks, （i） Riemann problems, including the problem with Lax shock tube and a newly designed shock tube problem with high Mach number; （ii） reaction of shock wave on droplet or bubble. Good agreements are obtained between LB results and exact ones or previously reported solutions. The model is capable of simulating flows from subsonic to supersonic and capturing jumps resulted from shock waves.