软铁磁材料平面裂纹问题的耦合场

由磁弹性问题的线性化理论导出磁场下平面软铁磁体问题的控制方程和复势解。利用复势解和奇异积分方程方法,对面内磁场和远场载荷作用下的含裂纹无限大软铁磁平面问题进行了求解,得到耦合场的解。并对不同磁力模型的结果和磁场与机械载荷共同作用下的裂尖应力强度因子进行了讨论。     

用电子散斑法对纯镍薄片弯曲变形的测量

由于建立的电子散斑法有位移测量精度高、量程大的特点，且自制的力传感器灵敏度高、量程相对较大，从而保证了本实验中镍片在三点弯中的反应被全程、精确地记录下来．基于时间序列的电子散斑法，测出了10—100μm不同厚度的纯镍薄片在三点弯下的载荷-位移曲线，其中包括弹性部分以及进入塑性屈服两个阶段，据此可以推出不同厚度镍片的三点弯刚度．实验表明镍片的抗弯刚度受其厚度的影响很大，尤其在薄片厚度较小时表现得更为明显，即表现出明显的尺度效应．     

软磁材料的力磁耦合本构的实验研究

磁性材料已经在新技术中起着重要的作用,研究这些磁性材料的力学规律对于磁性材料的应用和发展至关重要.软磁材料在工作状态时,一般受到机械应力场和电磁场双重耦合场的作用,其本构关系本质上是非线性的.这给理论模拟带来了很大困难.目前无论是从实验方面或者是理论模型方面,对软磁材料的力磁耦合本构关系的研究都很不成熟.本文用实验方法,研究了高纯度镍和锰锌复合铁氧体这两种传统软磁材料的力磁耦合本构关系.研制了力磁耦合加载设备,测量设备和监控设备.采用铁氧体粉末烧结方法,烧制了实验所需的圆柱状实验试件.实验结果表明,外加应力对镍和锰锌铁氧体材料的磁致应变具有重要影响,较大预加应力对镍的磁化强度产生较明显的影响.而外应力对锰锌铁氧体材料的磁化曲线影响很小.     

现代科技发展对实验力学带来的挑战和机遇--中国科协青年科学家第75次论坛会议简介

由清华大学、东南大学、天津大学、国防科技大学共同发起和中国科协主办的第75次青年科学家论坛(现代科技发展对实验力学带来的挑战和机遇)于2003年8月4日至5日在北京中国科学会堂召开.来自全国各科研院所、大专院校力学、材料、物理、化学、生物等学科的25名青年科学家参加了此次活动.中国科协李慧政处长为本次活动的致欢迎词,中国科协书记处书记冯长根教授、中国科协常委、中国力学学会副理事长杨卫教授、科协学术部主任马阳教授、中科院力学所白以龙院士、清华大学温诗铸院士、戴福隆教授、以及国家自然科学基金委数理学部力学处孟庆国处长出     

Strain and Size Effects on Ferroelectric Properties of BaTiO3 Nanofilms

The strain and size effects on the ferroelectric properties of BaTiO3 films are studied using the molecular dynamics method based on a shell model. It is found that from microscopic view, these two effects share the same physical nature, i.e., the resulting crystal cell distortions lead to the separation of negative and positive charge eentres. The strain and size effects are therefore coupled, and the critical thicknesses of films would depend on the in-plane strains, which provides a possible interpretation on the discrepancies among the experimental measurements of the critical thicknesses. A polarization map is given to clearly reflect the relations among the size, strain and polarization of the nano films.     

单壁碳纳米管力学行为的数字散斑相关法实验研究

通过直接单向拉伸超长单壁碳纳米管束长绳,首次借助高精度数字散斑相关法,并结合显维放大技术,测量了单壁碳纳米管的弹性模量和拉伸强度。试验中观察了单壁碳纳米管束长绳的断裂过程。单壁碳纳米管束长绳通过改进的化学气相沉积技术生成。试验得到单壁碳纳米管的平均杨氏模量为129.0±70.3GPa,平均拉伸强度为1.95±0.56GPa,低于计算值和先前其它文献的试验值。     

数字纳米云纹法的实验研究

提出了一种新的测量物质纳米级变形的云纹方法———数字纳米云纹法,在测量过程中,借助于各种电镜,采用具有周期结构的晶体物质的晶格或一些过渡金属、贵金属材料规则的表面原子重构作为试件栅。该试件栅的节距可达到亚纳米的量级,使得该方法可以在纳观范围内测量物体的面内位移,应变。参考栅采用计算机绘制的正弦型数字栅。详细地论述了该数字栅的制作方法,数字纳米云纹条纹的形成机理,及位移、应变的测量方法,云纹条纹的相移方法和倍增方法。     

Existence of Shear Horizontal Surface Waves in a Magneto-Electro-Elastic Material

The existence of shear horizontal surface waves in a magneto-electro-elastic （MEE） half-space with hexagonal （6mm） symmetry is investigated. The surface of the MEE half-space is mechanically free, but subjected to four types of electromagnetic boundary conditions. These boundary conditions are electrically open/magnetically closed, electrically open/magnetically open, electrically closed/magnetically open and electrically closed/magnetically dosed. It is shown that except for the electrically open/magnetically closed condition, the three other sets of electromagnetic boundary conditions allow the propagation of shear horizontal surface waves.     

Analysis on high-temperature oxidation and growth stress of iron-based alloy using phase field method

High-temperature oxidation is an important property to evaluate thermal protection materials. However, since oxidation is a complex process involving microstructure evolution, its quantitative analysis has always been a challenge. In this work, a phase field method (PFM) based on the thermodynamics theory is developed to simulate the oxidation behavior and oxidation induced growth stress. It involves microstructure evolution and solves the problem of quantitatively computational analysis for the oxidation behavior and growth stress. Employing this method, the diffusion process, oxidation performance, and stress evolution are predicted for Fe-Cr-Al-Y alloys. The numerical results agree well with the experimental data. The linear relationship between the maximum growth stress and the environment oxygen concentration is found. PFM provides a powerful tool to investigate high-temperature oxidation in complex environments.