Spin-exchange relaxation of naturally abundant Rb in a K-Rb-21Ne self-compensated atomic comagnetometer

The total effective spin-exchange relaxation of naturally abundant Rb in a K–Rb–21Ne comagnetometer is analyzed,and the results show that the coexistence of 87Rb and 85Rb isotopes in the same volume can lead to a large extra spinexchange broadening compared to pure 87Rb.This broadening mainly comes from the contribution of the equivalent reduction in the Rb spin-exchange rate.On this basis,an approximate relaxation model is proposed and experimentally demonstrated to be more accurate than that from a previous work.This study also provides a method for determining the properties of alkali-metal vapor cells.     

Effect of C60 nanoparticles on elasticity of small unilamellar vesicles composed of DPPC bilayers

The interaction between C60 nanoparticles and biomembranes has been of great interest in researches over the past decades due to their novel applications as well as potential cytotoxicity.In this work,we study the deformation of the small unilamellar vesicles composed of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine(DPPC)lipid bilayers infiltrated with C60 nanoparticles of different molecular concentrations through coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations.By employing the Helfrich spontaneous curvature model,the bending modulus and the spontaneous curvature of the vesicles with C60 nanoparticles of different concentrations are obtained according to the simulation data.The results show that the bending modulus and the spontaneous curvature of pure DPPC vesicle membranes are approximately 1.6×10^-19J and 1.4 nm^-1,respectively.Both of them increase linearly approximately as the C60 concentration increases from 0 to 16.3%.The density profiles of vesicles,the order of lipid packing and the diffusion characteristics of DPPC and C60 are also investigated.     

基于车身绕流的低雷诺数湍流模型改进研究

本文将汽车绕流模块化为各典型局部流动,通过常用湍流模型对各典型局部流动进行数值模拟,结果验证了湍流模型对转捩的捕捉能力是准确模拟汽车绕流的关键. 在分析汽车绕流分离及转捩机理的基础上,优化了稳态和瞬态求解方法,改进了湍流模型对转捩的预测能力,进而提高了湍流模型在汽车流场模拟上的精度. 针对汽车绕流的稳态问题,将流线曲率因子及 响应阈值引入 LRN $k$-$\varepsilon $ (low Reynolds number $k$-$\varepsilon $) 模型,获得了一种能够更准确预 测转捩的改进低雷诺数湍流模型 (modified LRN $k$-$\varepsilon $),改善了原模型对湍流耗散率的过强依赖性及全应力发展预测不足等问题;针对汽车绕流瞬态求解,通过分析 RANS/LES 混合湍流模型的构造思想及特点,引入约束大涡模拟方法,结合本文提出的改进的 LRN $k$-$\varepsilon $ 湍流模型,提出了一种能准确捕捉转捩现象 的转捩 LRN CLES 模型. 分别将改进的模型用于某实车外流场和风振噪声仿真中,通过 Ansys Fluent 求解器计算,并将计算结果与常用湍流模型的仿真结果、HD-2 风洞试验结果和实车道路实验结果进行对比,表明改进后的湍流模型能够更准确模拟复杂实车的稳态和瞬态特性,为汽车气动特性的研究提供了可靠理论依据及有效数值解决方法.      

正己烷存在下的氢选择性催化燃烧

以正己烷作为裂解原料烃类代表,Pt-Sn/Al₂O₃催化剂作为氢选择性燃烧催化剂,对直接内加热方式提供热量促使裂解原料达到可裂解温度的可行性进行了研究。结果表明,温度相同时,Pt-Sn/Al₂O₃ 催化剂存在时氢燃烧的选择性明显高于无催化剂存在时的非催化氢燃烧过程,Pt-Sn/Al₂O₃ 催化剂是优良的氢选择性燃烧催化剂。该催化剂在催化氢选择性燃烧过程中,存在一个临界温度点650℃。当物流入口温度低于650℃时,氢燃烧选择性达90%以上;高于650℃时,由于非催化氢燃烧所占总燃烧反应比例加大,造成氢燃烧选择性有所降低。同时,在一定温度下,要获得高的氢燃烧选择性及氧气转化率,须综合考虑氢烃比和氢氧比的影响。     

检测/校准实验室仪器设备及标准物质期间核查实施方法

对检测/校准实验室仪器设备及标准物质期间核查的具体实施进行了讨论,重点介绍编写期间核查作业指导书需明确的内容,包括明确核查对象、确定核查项目、选择核查方法、规定核查间隔、获取核查判据及如何判定对核查不合格的处置.指出既能利用期间核查确保仪器设备及标准物质的可靠性,又不浪费人力物力的措施.     

参加国家金标准物质定值测试工作的研究报告

近20年来,武警黄金指挥部测试中心参加了12个国家矿石金、12个国家痕量金分析标准物质定值测试工作.该文对取样量、样品均匀性检验、样品焙烧、分析方法的选取、样品稳定性检验等技术进行了总结,并对今后金标准物质的研制提出了建议.     

缺锌对儿童健康的影响

综述了缺锌对儿童健康的影响,包括:缺锌与儿童生长发育、免疫力、儿童智力、厌食等的关系.     

激光诱导击穿光谱法对钢中夹杂物类型的表征

激光诱导击穿光谱( LIBS)不仅可以对材料整体成分进行分析,还可进行微区及成分分布分析。本实验采用激光诱导击穿光谱对两牌号钢铁样品进行扫描分析,尝试对34CrNiMo6钢中的MnS夹杂物和重轨钢中的Si-Al-Ca-Mg复合夹杂物进行表征。结果表明,34CrNiMo6钢中元素信号的二维强度分布及元素通道合成后,个别位置Mn及S两元素的信号强度同时异常高,可确定试样中存在较多MnS夹杂物;重轨钢中元素的二维强度分布及元素通道合成后,个别位置Si、Ca、Mg及Al元素的信号同时异常高,可确定试样中存在Si-Al-Ca-Mg复合夹杂物。采用扫描电子显微镜/能谱法( SEM/EDS)对上述样品中夹杂物的对比分析结果表明,两种方法对夹杂物类型的判定结果一致。