顶空-气相色谱法测定B-100生物柴油中游离甲醇含量

建立了顶空-气相色谱测定B-100生物柴油中游离甲醇含量的方法.B-100生物柴油样品使用N,N-二甲基乙酰胺溶解,90℃下顶空平衡45 min,在HP-INNOWAX色谱柱上进行分离和测定.方法建立了外标法定量的标准曲线,相关系数r大于0.999,样品中甲醇质量分数的检出限为0.005%.对实际样品进行检测,相对标准偏差为4.96%~6.83%(n=6),加标回收率为92.0%~110%.方法操作简单、快速、重复性好,适用于B-100生物柴油中游离甲醇含量的测定.     

Electrocatalytic activity of porous nanostructured Fe/Pt-Fe electrode for methanol electrooxidation in alkaline media

An electrochemical approach to fabricate a nanostructured Fe/Pt-Fe catalyst through electrodepo-sition followed by galvanic replacement is presented. An Fe/Pt-Fe nanostructured electrode was prepared by deposition of Fe-Zn onto a Fe electrode surface, followed by replacement of the Zn by Pt at open-circuit potential in a Pt-containing alkaline solution. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray techniques reveal that the Fe/Pt-Fe electrode is porous and contains Pt. The electrocatalytic activity of the Fe/Pt-Fe electrode for oxidation of methanol was examined by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. The electrooxidation current on the Fe/Pt-Fe catalyst is much higher than that on flat Pt and smooth Fe catalysts. The onset potential and peak potential on the Fe/Pt-Fe catalyst are more negative than those on flat Pt and smooth Fe electrodes for methanol electrooxidation. All results show that this nanostructured Fe/Pt-Fe electrode is very attractive for integrated fuel cell applications in alkaline media.     

Hydrogen Production from a Methanol–Water Solution Catalyzed by an Anionic Iridium Complex Bearing a Functional Bipyridonate Ligand under Weakly Basic Conditions

An efficient catalytic system for the production of hydrogen from a methanol–water solution has been developed using a new anionic iridium complex bearing a functional bipyridonate ligand as a catalyst. This system can be operated under mild conditions [weakly basic solution (0.046 mol L^?1 NaOH) below 100 °C] without the use of an additional organic solvent. Long‐term continuous hydrogen production from a methanol–water solution catalyzed by the anionic iridium complex was also achieved.     

Analysis of peptides and protein digests by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry using neutral pH elution conditions

In this study, the advantages of carrying out the analysis of peptides and tryptic digests of proteins under gradient elution conditions at pH 6.5 by reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and in-line electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) are documented. For these RP separations, a double endcapped, bidentate anchored n-octadecyl wide pore silica adsorbent was employed in a capillary column format. Compared to the corresponding analysis of the same peptides and protein tryptic digests using low pH elution conditions for their RP-HPLC separation, this alternative approach provides improved selectivity and more efficient separation of these analytes, thus allowing a more sensitive identification of proteins at different abundance levels, i.e. more tryptic peptides from the same protein could be confidently identified, enabling higher sequence coverage of the protein to be obtained. This approach was further evaluated with very complex tryptic digests derived from a human plasma protein sample using an online two-dimensional (2D) strong cation-exchange (SCX)-RP-HPLC-ESI-MS/MS system. Again, at pH 6.5, with mobile phases of different compositions, improved chromatographic selectivities were obtained, concomitant with more sensitive on-line electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometric (ESI-MS/MS) analysis. As a consequence, more plasma proteins could be confidently identified, highlighting the potential of these RP-HPLC methods with elution at pH 6.5 to extend further the scope of proteomic investigations.     

金属氧化物和硅沉积改性 ZnO/SiO2/ZSM-5的甲醇择形芳构化反应催化研究

采用真空浸渍法对ZSM-5分子筛进行硅沉积和负载金属修饰,制备了复合改性的ZnO/SiO₂/ZSM-5催化剂,并将它应用于甲醇择形芳构化反应中。采用XRD、BET、NH₃-TPD、SEM、TEM等方法对制备的催化剂进行了物化表征。考察硅沉积次数和ZnO负载量对甲醇芳构化反应(MTA)中对二甲苯(PX)的选择性和收率的影响。结果表明,两次硅沉积改性并负载2.0%金属ZnO的ZSM-5分子筛具有较高的PX收率,在优化的反应温度420 ℃、反应压力0.2 MPa、甲醇空速WHSV为1.25 h^-1下,PX收率在28%以上。     

A New Nanocomposite Based on Pt-rGO Embedded Polymelamine Formaldehyde Nanocomposite for Reduction of Carbon Dioxide

Here, polymelamine formaldehyde was decorated on the surface of reduced graphene oxide whose surface was then electrodeposited with a sub-monolayer of platinum nanoparticles. The nanocomposite thus prepared was characterized using several spectroscopic methods. Using the nanocomposite as a potential electrocatalyst for carbon dioxide reduction, the products were detected by Raman spectroscopy, gas chromatography, ¹³C-NMR spectroscopy, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The analytical results identified methanol as the main product of CO₂ reduction. Moreover, analysis of the liquid products confirmed methanol as the predominant product with a current density of 0.4 mA/cm and a Faradaic efficiency of 93 %.     

Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Utilization of Methanol as a C1 Source in Organic Synthesis

Methanol is used as a common solvent, cost-effective reagent, and sustainable feedstock for value-added chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and materials. Among the various applications, the utilization of methanol as a C₁ source for the formation of carbon–carbon, carbon–nitrogen, and carbon–oxygen bonds continues to be important in organic synthesis and drug discovery. In particular, the synthesis of C-, N-, and O-methylated products is of central interest because these motifs are found in a large number of natural products as well as fine and bulk chemicals. In this Minireview, we summarize the utilization of methanol as a C₁ source in methylation, methoxylation, formylation, methoxycarbonylation, and oxidative methyl ester formation reactions.     

N,P掺杂型C@Mo_2C催化剂的制备及其催化CO_2加氢反应研究

以三聚氰胺苯甲酸盐为碳源和氮源、以三聚氰胺磷钼酸盐为钼源、磷源和氮源,采用程序升温的方法制备了系列N,P掺杂型C@Mo_2C催化剂。采用XRD、SEM、TEM和XPS等对催化剂的结构、形貌和表面特性进行了表征,研究了三聚氰胺苯甲酸盐中n(三聚氰胺)/n(苯甲酸)、前驱体中n(C)/n(Mo)等因素对所制备催化剂的结构及其在二氧化碳加氢反应中催化性能的影响。在反应温度为220℃、反应压力为3.0 MPa、空速为3 600 m L/(g·h)的条件下,在N,P掺杂型C@Mo_2C的催化作用下,CO_2转化率可以达到12.2%,此时产物中CH_3OH的选择性达到52.2%。