Peroxidase Interfering Activity,An Endogenous Factor Able to Hinder The Biochemical Determination of Peroxidase

Abstract

An endogenous factor interfering with the guaiacol test and other biochemical assays for peroxidase activity has been found in the liver, kidney, and other organs of rat, hamster, and mouse. Its separation from peroxidase by gel filtration and affinity chromatography is described.     

载体对负载型Zn催化剂上愈创木酚加氢脱氧(HDO)性能的影响

以SiO₂、Al₂O₃和HZSM-5、Re-HY分子筛为载体,以Zn为主要活性成分,研究了不同类型载体以及不同Si/Al比的HZSM-5分子筛负载Zn催化剂的愈创木酚加氢脱氧(HDO)反应性能。结果表明,催化剂的酸性是影响其加氢脱氧活性和产物选择性的主要因素,并且愈创木酚加氢脱氧转化为环己烷、BTX（苯、甲苯、二甲苯）等完全脱氧产物的活性,与催化剂的总酸量、酸中心强度具有一定的相关性。     

Bio-based vinylphenol family: Synthesis via decarboxylation of naturally occurring cinnamic acids and living radical polymerization for functionalized polystyrenes

A series of bio-based vinylphenols or hydroxystyrenes is prepared by simple decarboxylation of various naturally occurring cinnamic acids such as o-, m-, and p-coumaric; caffeic; ferulic; and sinapinic acids, which possess hydroxy groups and other substituents at different positions on the aromatic ring. After protection of the phenolic moieties with trialkylsilyl groups, reversible addition–fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization is accomplished with cumyl dithiobenzoate to afford various bio-based hydroxyl-protected polystyrenes with controlled molecular weights and narrow molecular weight distributions. Subsequent deprotection of the silyl groups under mild conditions results in a series of well-defined functionalized polystyrenes possessing different numbers (mono-, di-, tri-) of hydroxy groups at different positions (o, m, p). The obtained functionalized polystyrenes show unique thermal properties depending on the substituents, and those with phenol and catechol groups serve as reducing agents for silver ions. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 58, 91–100     

Glycosidically-Bound Volatile Phenols Linked to Smoke Taint: Stability during Fermentation with Different Yeasts and in Finished Wine

When wine grapes are exposed to smoke, there is a risk that the resulting wines may possess smoky, ashy, or burnt aromas, a wine flaw known as smoke taint. Smoke taint occurs when the volatile phenols (VPs) largely responsible for the aroma of smoke are transformed in grape into a range of glycosides that are imperceptible by smell. The majority of VP-glycosides described to date are disaccharides possessing a reducing β-d-glucopyranosyl moiety. Here, a two-part experiment was performed to (1) assess the stability of 11 synthesized VP-glycosides towards general acid-catalyzed hydrolysis during aging, and (2) to examine whether yeast strains differed in their capacity to produce free VPs both from these model glycosides as well as from grapes that had been deliberately exposed to smoke. When fortified into both model and real wine matrices at 200 ng/g, all VP-disaccharides were stable over 12 weeks, while (42–50 ng/g) increases in free 4-ethylphenol and p-cresol were detected when these were added to wine as their monoglucosides. Guaiacol and phenol were the most abundantly produced VPs during fermentation, whether originating from natural VP-precursors in smoked-exposed Pinot Noir must, or due to fortification with synthetic VP-glycosides. Significant yeast strain-specific differences in glycolytic activities were observed for phenyl-β-d-glycopyranoside, with two strains (RC212 and BM45) being unable to hydrolyze this model VP, albeit both were active on the guaiacyl analogue. Thus, differences in Saccharomyces cerevisiae β-glucosidase activity appear to be influenced by the VP moiety.     

木质素降解模型化合物愈创木酚及苯酚原位加氢制备环己醇

以Raney Ni为催化剂,研究了甲醇水相重整制氢与木质素降解模型化合物愈创木酚／苯酚加氢的耦合反应.考察了反应前冷压、反应温度、反应时间、物料配比等条件对木质素降解模型化合物原位加氢反应性能的影响,并对影响机制进行了讨论.结果表明,在反应温度为220 ℃、反应前冷压0 MPa(表压)、物料比水／甲醇／模型化合物为20∶5∶0.8的条件下,反应7 h后愈创木酚转化率与环己醇选择性分别达99.00％和93.74％,反应12 h后苯酚的转化率与环己醇选择性分别达90.50％和99.29％.采用原位加氢反应,木质素降解的酚类模型化合物转化率和选择性明显优于外部供氢反应的转化率和选择性,同时,避免了外部供氢反应存在的氢气制备、储存、传输及加氢条件苛刻等问题,为木质素解聚产物制备化工品提供了新思路与实验基础.     

Manganese(III) acetate‐catalyzed synthesis of polyguaiacol

Polyguaiacol was synthesized in the mixtures of water and various organic solvents using manganese(III) acetate as a new catalyst for radical polymerization and a biomimetic model for manganese peroxidase. Aqueous solutions of 30–70% (v/v) acetonitrile, 1,4‐dioxane, and methanol were used as model solvent mixtures. The polymer yield in the methanol (<30%) solution was lower than that in the acetonitrile or 1,4‐dioxane solution (60–90%). The average molecular weight of the polymer was also lowest in the methanol solution. Difference UV absorption spectroscopy analysis revealed that nonhydrated guaiacol clusters were found to be dominant in acetonitrile and 1,4‐dioxane solutions, especially when the content of 1,4‐dioxane was 50% (v/v) or higher. In the methanol solution, only the hydrated guaiacol clusters were observed. From the comparison of ¹H NMR data for polyguaiacol and products of guaiacol oxidation by manganese(III) acetate, 3‐(4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxy‐phenyl)‐5,3′‐dimethoxy‐4,4′‐biphenol and a mixture of 5‐(4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxyphenyl)‐3,3′‐dimethoxy‐4,4′‐biphenoquinone and 3‐(4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxyphenyl)‐5,3′‐dimethoxy‐4,4′‐biphenoquinone were found to be the major structural units of polyguaiacol. Water molecule is not involved in the formation of these compounds. Therefore, the polymerization should take place readily not in methanol but in acetonitrile and 1,4‐dioxane solutions. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 6009–6015, 2008     

制备条件对Al1P1.30Ti0.30Si0.17体系催化剂性能的影响

 从制备催化剂的原料、沉淀剂种类、铝沉淀物终点的pH值、水量\r\n及原料的加入顺序等方面考察了制备条件对AlP1．30－Ti0．30Si0．1\r\n7体系的结构及催化性能的影响．结果表明，以自制新鲜氢氧化铝为铝\r\n源，以硅溶胶为硅源，以钛酸丁酯为钛源，以氨水为沉淀剂，在pH＝6\r\n．2，c（Al3＋）＝0．64mol／L（V（H2O）＝200ml）的条件下，采用\r\n通常的沉淀方法可制备出性能优良的催化剂．催化剂的酸性是影响其催\r\n化性能的主要因素，主产物选择性与酸强度有关，酸强度高的催化剂具\r\n有较低的主产物选择性；催化剂的活性与其孔径及表面酸量有关；催化\r\n剂中的B酸中心是反应可能的活性中心．     

载体对负载型Zn催化剂上愈创木酚加氢脱氧(HDO)性能的影响

以SiO₂、Al₂O₃和HZSM-5、Re-HY分子筛为载体,以Zn为主要活性成分,研究了不同类型载体以及不同Si/Al比的HZSM-5分子筛负载Zn催化剂的愈创木酚加氢脱氧(HDO)反应性能。结果表明,催化剂的酸性是影响其加氢脱氧活性和产物选择性的主要因素,并且愈创木酚加氢脱氧转化为环己烷、BTX（苯、甲苯、二甲苯）等完全脱氧产物的活性,与催化剂的总酸量、酸中心强度具有一定的相关性。     

邻苯二酚甲基化合成愈创木酚

愈创木酚是一种重要的化工原料 ,可用于合成止咳祛痰的药物愈创木酚磺酸钾和香料香兰素 .目前愈创木酚是由邻甲氧基苯胺重氮化反应制得 ,工艺路线长 ,产率低 .本文由邻苯二酚和硫酸二甲酯反应合成愈创木酚取得较好的结果     

愈创木酚的气相色谱分析

建立了愈创木酚的气相色谱分析方法 ,用SE - 30做固定相 ,酸化硅烷化硅藻土做担体 ,氢气做载气 ,热导检测器分析邻苯二酚甲基化合成愈创木酚的产物 ,方法的回收率为 1.0 6 % ,相对标准偏差在 3.42 %以内 .