1+1/2对转涡轮中激波结构的数值研究

本文对1 1／2对转涡轮中激波及激波／叶排干扰等进行了详细的数值模拟。分析发现,1 1／2对转涡轮高压动叶流道中压缩波系与常规涡轮流道中的压缩波系存在明显的不同。1 1／2对转涡轮高压动叶吸力面60％轴向弦长处产生了一组压缩波,它与内伸波相交。在常规涡轮中,这组压缩波将不会出现;内伸波在吸力面的反射波很强,不能忽略。在常规涡轮中,内伸波的反射波可以忽略。由于尾迹及低压动叶的作用,高压动叶外伸波的影响范围和强度呈现周期性的变化。     

微燃机稳压箱的计算分析

本文对自行设计的100 kW微型燃气轮机的稳压箱进行了数值模拟,并将结果与国外某75 kW微型燃气轮机的稳压箱的数值模拟结果进行了对比。然后对结果进行分析,从中发现,自行设计的微型燃气轮机的稳压箱与国外同功率级的稳压箱相比,总压恢复系数有所提高,流动损失较小,因此具有更优良的气动性能。计算表明,进口处流动方向变化较大,流动损失也较大,并且流动复杂,有漩涡产生,流场具有复杂的结构,必须在设计时引起足够的重视。     

开敞式蜗壳轴流式水轮机湍流计算及性能预估

本文在进行模型水轮机试验的基础上,完成了开敞式蜗壳轴流式模型水轮机的全流道三维定常湍流计算。计算程序以雷诺时均连续方程和N-S方程作为控制方程,选用标准κ-ε双方程湍流模型使方程组封闭。数值求解通过CIMPLEC算法实现速度、压力的分离求解,离散差分格式具有二阶精度。通过计算获得了各过流部件的流动细节,预估了水轮机的能量性能,并与试验结果进行了比较。     

基于模糊理论的汽轮机故障诊断

针对汽轮发电机组的单一故障诊断的局限性,对现有的故障进行分析和比较.根据振动信号的基本原理,应用了综合模糊诊断的方法对汽轮机的六种常见故障进行诊断.首先由不同故障在不同特征倍频的比例关系得到故障的模糊矩阵,分段对故障振动信号求隶属度,再与故障的模糊矩阵相乘即可求出各故障的隶属度,并用Minkowski距离公式计算隶属度距离大小,来判断诊断的准确性;最后提出模糊诊断的前景及存在的问题.     

Theoretical description of improving measurement accuracy for incoherence Mie Doppler wind lidar

For the nonlinearity of Fabry-Perot interferometer(FPI) transmission spectrum,the measurement uncertainty of incoherent Mie Doppler wind lidar based on it increases evidently with the increase of backscattering signal Doppler shift.A method of repeating the use of the approximate linear part of FPI transmission spectra for reducing the high uncertainty of a big Doppler shift is proposed.One of the ways of realizing this method is discussed in detail,in which the characteristics of FPI transmission spectrum changing with thickness and incident angle are utilized simultaneously.Under different atmosphere conditions,it has been proved theoretically that the range of measurement uncertainty drops to one-sixth while its minimum has no serious change.This method can be used not only to guide the new system design,but also as a new working way for the fabricated system.     

DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF LAG VIBRATION OF A WIND TURBINE BLADE

Lagwise dynamic characteristics of a wind turbine blade subjected to unsteady aero- dynamic loads are studied in this paper. The partial differential equations governing the coupled longitudinal-transverse vibration of the blade with large bending deflection are obtained by ap- plying Hamilton＇s principle. The modal problem of the coupled vibration is handled by using the method of numerical integration of Green＇s function. Influences of the rotating speed, the pitch angle, the setting angle, and the aerodynamic loads on natural frequencies are discussed. Results show that： （I） Lagwise natural frequencies ascend with the increase of rotating speed; effects of the rotating speed on low-frequencies are dramatic while these effects on high-frequencies become less. （2） Influences of the pitch angle on natural frequencies are little; in the range of the normal rotating speed, the first frequency ascends with the increase of the absolute value of the pitch angle, while it is contrary to the second and third frequencies. （3） Effects of the setting angle on natural frequencies depend on the rotating speed; influences are not significant at low speed, while they are dramatic on the first frequency at high speed. （4） Effects of the aerodynamic loads on natural frequencies are very little; frequencies derived from the model considering aerodynamic loads are smaller than those from the model neglecting aerodynamic loads; relative errors of the results corresponding to two models ascend with the increase of the absolute value of the setting angle.     

风吹雪廓线的风洞实验研究

利用颗粒图像测速仪对新雪形成的风吹雪进行风洞实验研究, 给出了不同高度处雪粒粒径分布函数以及平均粒径廓线、雪粒数通量廓线的分布规律. 发现当摩阻风速大于0.5 m/s 时单宽输雪率与摩阻风速满足指数函数的关系, 小于0.5 m/s 时两者满足幂函数的关系, 总体而言, 单宽输雪率与摩阻风速呈线性关系.     

考虑湍流模型的板片空间结构风荷载下流固耦合模拟

大跨空间结构凭借其新颖的外形和较大的内部空间,已经成为常用的建筑结构.由于大跨结构刚度、质量较小,受到风荷载作用时力学响应较一般结构大,同时大跨结构附近极易出现湍流影响.本文基于显式大涡模拟(ILES)和S-A (Spalart-Allmaras)湍流模型,使用ABAQUS软件对矢跨比为1:2的空间板片结构在不同风速下的风压系数进行流固耦合(FSI)模拟.风速以及不同湍流模型对大跨板片风压系数分布的影响得到了考察,并与相关的风洞实验比较.同时对板片结构受风载的力学响应进行了分析.结果显示选用大涡模拟湍流模型和雷诺时均方程方法湍流模型的流固耦合板片空间结构模型得到的风压系数及其分布和风洞试验实测数据吻合均较好.     

一种风力机气动计算的全自由涡尾迹模型

采用全自由方式建立风力机尾流场的涡尾迹模型,引入“虚拟周期”的概念,并发展一种自适应松弛因子方法,从而改善了自由尾迹迭代的稳定性,提高了迭代收敛速度。利用建立的自由涡尾迹模型,计算了风力机叶片的尾流场结构、气动性能及叶片载荷,并与实验结果进行了对比分析。结果表明,尖速比越大,自适应松弛因子方法对缩小模型计算时间越有效;全自由涡尾迹模型能准确给出风力机尾流场的结构,包括尾迹的扩张以及叶尖涡和叶根涡的产生、发展和耗散的过程,风轮扭矩与实验数据吻合;叶片载荷分布的计算结果在低风速下与实验值基本一致,但是在大风速下差别较大,说明需要一个准确的失速模型。     

Modelling of inflow-conditions for vortex particle methods to simulate atmospheric turbulence and its induced aerodynamic admittance on line-like bluff bodies

ABSTRACT

This paper presents a novel method for the simulation of aerodynamic admittance of turbulent wind on bluff line-like structures using a pseudo 3D model of Vortex Particle Method (VPM). The method is a computationally efficient extension of the 2D VPM, where a coupled set of simulation slices accounts for the 3D nature of the oncoming wind flow. Pre-computed vortex particles are seeded in each of the parallel 2D simulation slices in order to model the turbulent velocity perturbations. Here, the modelling of the inflow seeding particles is enhanced, reducing the computational cost and allowing extendibility into quasi 3D domain. This a priori computation of the seeding vortex particles is based on modelling the atmospheric turbulence characteristics. The method is applied to simulate turbulent flow around an infinitesimally thin flat-plate, to asses its validity at the viscous-rotational boundary layer, which is important for accurate fluid-structure Interaction simulations. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis to different attributes is assessed