差分收敛法对双原子分子高J值转动谱线的预言

为了更精确地预言转动量子数J ≥ 100时双原子分子R支和Q支的振转跃迁谱线, 本文在考虑了转动能级展开式中高阶小项H_v的前提下重新推导出能更好地预言R支和Q支跃迁谱线的物理解析公式. 另一方面, 通过对差分收敛法计算过程的细致分析, 从物理误差的角度提出了一个在没有实验数据作为参照时仍然能有效收敛的重要物理判据. 应用这些新公式和新判据对TiF和CO分子R支振转跃迁谱线和TiF分子Q支振转跃迁谱线进行了研究. 结果表明: 包含高阶小项H_v的新公式的预言结果精度比原有不含H_v的公式的结果提高了一个数量级; 新判据的使用能更有效地减小预言谱线的可能误差, 提高预言结果精度. 最后通过与最小二乘法计算结果的对比, 进一步说明新公式和新判据在预言R支和Q支振转跃迁谱线数据方面的有效性和准确性.     

椭圆纳米盘中磁涡旋结构的方位角自旋波模式

本文针对坡莫合金椭圆形盘中的磁涡旋结构, 采用微磁学模拟与傅里叶分析相结合的技术研究了磁涡旋自旋波的本征激发模式. 通过沿样品短轴方向施加一面内方向的脉冲磁场, 观察到一系列方位角自旋波模式. 观察到的自旋波模式具有两重对称性, 可以通过C₂群理论来进行类型的划分. 此外, 自旋波模式的频率随着方位角指标的变化而线性增加. 模拟结果显示样品的平均交换能量密度明显的高于平均静磁能量密度; 局域交换能量密度主要集中在涡核初始位置, 而局域静磁能量密度主要分布在长轴附近. 交换作用对受限于铁磁薄膜椭圆盘中的单个涡旋态的能量要起主导作用, 从而导致方位角自旋波模式频率随着方位角指标的增加而增加.     

基于光楔阵列产生光学涡旋阵列的研究

在研究光楔衍射法产生单涡旋的基础上,基于长条形光楔阵列,提出了利用光束阵列衍射产生涡旋阵列的方法.该方法要求光束阵列在平行于光楔边缘方向上的光束间距等于光束直径的整数倍.利用超精密机床采用一体化加工法加工了光楔阵列元件,验证了该方法的可行性.利用空间光调制器快速灵活调整光束阵列的优点,搭建了借助空间光调制器加载达曼光栅衍射产生所需光束阵列的实验光学系统.针对光束阵列与光楔阵列的匹配问题,研究了达曼光栅掩模图基本单元对光束阵列的调控,获得了可调结构的光束阵列.实验产生了拓扑荷一致的光学涡旋阵列,与仿真结果相一致,证明所提方法的有效性.     

纳米磁流体动态散斑干涉场的奇异场分布

通过对由纳米磁流体运动引起的双扫描激光散斑干涉光场及其变化做拉盖尔-高斯滤波下的傅里叶变换,获得动态散斑干涉图对应的光学涡旋分布及变化特征。分析认为,光学涡旋分布及变化对应着由纳米磁微粒及其团族的运动所引起的动态散斑变化。当纳米磁微粒聚集到分散的过程中,动态激光散斑光场的奇异场分布发生相应变化,说明了磁流体运动过程对应涡旋密度有先大后小,再由小变大的两个变化;并且光学涡旋密度高,对应较小颗粒的散斑场,磁流体处于稳态的状况;光学涡旋密度低,对应较大颗粒的散斑场,对应着磁流体激烈的运动。研究结果体现了奇异场分布变化和纳米磁流体动后趋稳的过程存在对应关系。     

Nonlinear resonant tunneling diode (RTD) circuits for microwave A/D conversion

Short-duration electrical pulses play important roles in ultrafast time-domain metrology: they are used to sample rapidly varying signals or as probe signals in ranging radars, time-domain reflectometry and in communication. In this work, we design a nonlinear transmission, which is loaded with resonant tunneling diode to be suitable for microwave A/D conversion. A resonant tunneling diode (RTD) has a negative differential resistance that means when the voltage increases the current decreases. The equivalent circuit of monostable line is given. The simulation is performed by using OrCad program. Results show that a spike is produced and after a charging time constant, another switching occurs. Hence – similar to a relaxation oscillator – the spiking period is determined by the amplitude and frequency of the input current. The transmission line itself ensures the generation and propagation of identical spikes, such as solitons formed after few diodes.     

Collisional effects in the tokamap

Plasmas confined in tokamaks with non-symmetric perturbations are surrounded by a chaotic layer of magnetic field lines that guide charged particles to the tokamak wall. We use an analytical two-dimensional symplectic mapping to study the resulting fractal patterns of field line escape. However, particles may experience several collisions before escaping toward the tokamaks wall. We add a random collisional term to the field line mapping to investigate how the particle collisions modify their escape patterns.     

Experimental and LES investigation of premixed methane/air flame propagating in a tube with a thin obstacle

In this paper, an experimental and numerical investigation of premixed methane/air flame dynamics in a closed combustion vessel with a thin obstacle is described. In the experiment, high-speed video photography and a pressure transducer are used to study the flame shape changes and pressure dynamics. In the numerical simulation, four sub-grid scale viscosity models and three sub-grid scale combustion models are evaluated for their individual prediction compared with the experimental data. High-speed photographs show that the flame propagation process can be divided into five stages: spherical flame, finger-shaped flame, jet flame, mushroom-shaped flame and bidirectional propagation flame. Compared with the other sub-grid scale viscosity models and sub-grid scale combustion models, the dynamic Smagorinsky–Lilly model and the power-law flame wrinkling model are better able to predict the flame behaviour, respectively. Thus, coupling the dynamic Smagorinsky–Lilly model and the power-law flame wrinkling model, the numerical results demonstrate that flame shape change is a purely hydrodynamic phenomenon, and the mushroom-shaped flame and bidirectional propagation flame are the result of flame–vortex interaction. In addition, the transition from “corrugated flamelets” to “thin reaction zones” is observed in the simulation.     

Dynamics of kinematic vortices in a mesoscopic superconducting loop

Using the time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau formalism, we study the dynamic properties of a submicron superconducting loop in applied current and in presence of a perpendicular magnetic field. The resistive state of the sample is caused by the motion of kinematic vortex–antivortex pairs. Vortices and antivortices move in opposite directions to each other, perpendicularly to the applied drive, and the periodic creation and annihilation of such pairs results in periodic oscillations of the voltage across the sample. The dynamics of these kinematic pairs is strongly influenced by the applied magnetic field, which for high fields leads to the flow of just vortices. Kinematic vortices can be temporarily pinned inside the loop with observable trace in the voltage vs. time characteristics.