有关力学谱和内耗工作的综合与回顾

本文广泛地收集了有关内耗，力学谱，超声衰减方面的专著及会议文集。反映了20世纪在此领域的英文，俄文出版的书籍。也列出了历次国际会议及前苏联，乌克兰，中国的国内会议。文中包括了点缺陷，电，声子，位错，晶界，电畴等诸方面在内的内耗与力学谱工作。     

超声波声孔效应中气泡动力学的研究

在超声快速制取组织细胞病理切片的过程中，发现激励信号对切片制取效果有明显的影响.为了掌握超声激励信号对组织细胞的影响规律，达到快速制取病理切片的最佳状态，从气泡空化模型入手，通过改变激励信号频率、声压、气泡初始半径和液体黏滞系数等参量，研究了声孔效应中气泡动力学激励机制.数值计算表明：空化泡振动随激励声压增强而升高，随液体黏滞系数增强而减弱；一定频率范围内空化泡振动能保持在膨胀、收缩和振荡的稳定空化状态，存在空化泡稳态振动的最佳激励频率；一定初始半径能保证空化泡产生稳定的振动，存在空化泡稳态振动幅度最大的初始半径.实际操作中，在频率、声压、初始半径和黏滞系数综合作用的若干空化阈内，声孔效应使超声快速法制取细胞组织切片获得最佳效果. 关键词： 声孔效应 超声空化 气泡振动 稳态空化域     

超声波波型转换与表面波的检测

分析了超声波纵波、横波、表面波3种波型的产生条件和声速关系,检测了超声波在固体表面的波型转换,并测量了声表面波的速度,讨论了声表面波在超声延迟线方面的应用.     

Optical current transducers using flint glass fiber as the faraday sensor element

This paper describes development of the optical current transducers using flint glass fiber as the Faraday effect sensing element. Excellent polarization properties of the fiber with low birefringence are described, and the design and test data of a current transducer using the fiber manufactured for use in electric power facilities are reviewed. Experimental results on flexible characteristics of a scheme with round trip light transmission in the fiber is also reported.     

Frequency fine-tuning in Class IV flextensional transducers

Class IV flextensional transducers (FTs) are the best-known FTs in literature. These are light-weight projectors (compared to the conventional Tonpilz designs) with capability for high power delivery at low frequencies. The resonance frequencies of this type of transducers are known to be dominantly dependent on the characteristics of the outer shell than on the driver stack. Consequently, the method of achieving fine-tuning of the transducer by modifying the characteristics of the stack, as practiced in the case of Tonpilz designs, is not very effective. This paper describes a method for fine-tuning of the frequency of a Class IV FT, which involves only a modification of a pair of small components used for coupling the stack to the transducer. The effectiveness of the method is examined by finite element modelling using the package ATILA, in the case of a 3 kHz aluminium shell transducer. Experimental results are also presented.     

Anomalies of attenuation and phase velocity of surface acoustic waves in YBa2Cu3O7‒δ thin films in the vicinity of Tc

We present measurements of the attenuation and phase velocity of surface acoustic waves in thin YBa₂Cu₃O films as a function of temperature, in magnetic fields up to 3.6 T applied parallel to the c-axis of the films. We have observed anomalies in both, the attenuation and the phase velocity in the vicinity of the superconducting critical temperature which do not depend on the magnetic field. Possible origins of these anomalies, observed, to our knowledge, for the first time in YBa₂Cu₃O thin films, are discussed and compared to bulk acoustic wave experiments. We present a kind of feedback technique for surface acoustic waves which improves the sensitivity of this type of measurement. The actual sensitivity limits are mentioned. Received: 7 August 1997 / Revised: 7 November 1997 / Accepted: 17 November 1997     

钛合金（TC-6）二阶和三阶弹性常数

 用脉冲回波重叠法测量了钛合金（TC-6）的二阶、三阶弹性常数。实验中发现dμ/dp<0（p<0.17 GPa）,dμ/dp>0（p>0.17 GPa）。     

超声波辐射下的固—液相转移催化法合成苯乙酰基芳基硫脲化合物

合成酸基硫减类化合物常用的方法是固一液相转移催化法“‘．因超声波辐射可以加快有机合成反应，提高产率，本文采用了超声波辐射与相转移催化相结合的方法，以聚乙二醇一400（PEG－400）为催化剂，二氯甲烷为溶剂，在常温下合成了10种N一苯乙酸基一N‘一芳基硫腺新化合物，产率大部分比相应的相转移催化法合成高．本法条件温和、操作简便、产率较高．仪器为CQ－250型超声波清洗器，频率33土2kHZ；PE1730FT－IR红外光谱仪，溪化钾压片；BRUKERAC七0核磁共振仪，CDCI。为溶剂，TMS为内标；PE－2400CHN元素分析仪．化合物（皿…     

超声提取-超高效液相串联质谱分析沉积物中15种抗生素

在现有方法基础上对沉积物中磺胺类、喹诺酮类、大环内脂类和四环素类抗生素的提取、富集、净化以及仪器分析方法进行了优化。以EDTA-Mcllvaine缓冲溶液与乙腈(V:V,1:1)混合液作为提取液,利用超声波细胞破碎仪进行超声提取,串联强阴离子交换柱(SAX)和HLB固相萃取柱进行固相萃取(SPE),通过超高效液相/串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)测定沉积物中抗生素的含量。抗生素基质加标回收率在56.4%~110%,相对标准偏差为1.1%~24.3%,方法检出限0.0055~0.716 ng/g。本方法有效地提高了沉积物中抗生素的提取效率,并应用于实际样品的测定中。     

Decomposition of Transformer Oil Under Ultrasonic Irradiation During Degassing Process

In the degassing process of transformer oil with ultrasonic waves ,decompostition of the oil was observed.Light hydrocarbons,including methane,ethane,ethylene ,aceylene,propane etc,were found to be released continuously from the oil into headspace within a closed vial placed in an ultrasonic field ,The gases came from decomposition of hydrocarbon molecules under cavitation effect.