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21.
Electroactive conducting polymers for corrosion control 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Dennis E. Tallman Geoff Spinks Anton Dominis Gordon G. Wallace 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2002,6(2):73-84
There is an intensive effort underway to develop new corrosion control coatings for structural metals. In part, this effort
has been motivated by the desire to replace chromium(VI)-containing coatings currently used for corrosion control of iron
and aluminum alloys. Cr(VI) has been shown to be hazardous to the environmental and to human health, and its use in many countries
will be sharply curtailed in the coming years. Electroactive conducting polymers (ECPs) represent a class of interesting materials
currently being explored for use in corrosion control coating systems, possibly as a replacement for Cr(VI)-based coatings.
The electroactivity and the electronic conductivity (or semiconductivity) of ECPs set them apart from traditional organic
coatings. As with chromate, interesting and potentially beneficial interactions of ECPs with active metal alloys such as steel
and aluminum are anticipated, with concomitant alteration of their corrosion behavior. A review of this active research area
will be presented in two parts. Here in Part 1, a general introduction to the topic of corrosion control by ECPs will be presented,
including an overview of corrosion and its control by traditional methods, an introduction to ECPs and their properties, and
a discussion of the processing issues surrounding the use of ECPs as coatings. Part 1 also includes a review of the literature
on the use of ECPs as coatings (or components of coatings) on non-ferrous active metals, principally aluminum and aluminum
alloys, although some work on zinc, copper, silver, titanium and silicon will also be described. In Part 2 of this review
(to be published in the next issue of this journal), the rather extensive literature on the use of ECPs for the corrosion
control of ferrous alloys (steels) will be reviewed.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
22.
理想气体在热力学中的作用 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
指出热力学理论是普遍的,不依赖于理想气体.理想气体为热力学理论提供了一个简单的实例,为测量热力学温度提供了一种简单的温度计. 相似文献
23.
24.
C M Srivastava 《Pramana》1989,32(3):251-267
A theory of high temperature superconductivity in YBa2Cu3O7_δ compound has been developed on the basis of the momentum pairing of electrons through the relativistic Darwin interaction.
The transport behaviour of electrons is explained in terms of a mechanism of correlated electron transfer arising from the
electron-phonon coupling. A model Hamiltonian has been developed to describe the superconducting properties of the system.
This gives an energy gap which is higher than the BCS value. Attempts have been made to explain the absence of isotope effect,
the linear dependence of specific heat, the presence of larger temperature-independent paramagnetism in the normal phase and
the softening of some of the optic phonon modes observed in this system. 相似文献
25.
对红外热像仪参数双黑体测量装置的工作原理进行了介绍。装置采用双黑体及反射型靶标为温差辐射源,可实现黑体温度温差准直辐射的定期校准和红外热像仪参数测量量值的溯源,也可实现红外热像仪参数的可控性,以及对它进行稳定的、可复现的精确测量。推导出利用红外热像仪参数双黑体测量装置测量信号传递函数SiTF数学模型,分析了红外热像仪参数测量装置的客观因素——仪器常数,针对仪器常数对SiTF测量的影响进行了试验。试验结果表明,仪器常数对红外热像仪SiTF参数测量精度影响较大,并同时影响时域与空域NETD及3D噪声的准确测量。 相似文献
26.
ZHANG Shibin ZHANG Xinsheng & SUN Shuguang School of Management Fudan University Shanghai China Department of Mathematics Shanghai Maritime University Shanghai China 《中国科学A辑(英文版)》2006,49(9):1231-1257
The stationary Gamma-OU processes are recommended to be the volatility of the financial assets. A parametric estimation for the Gamma-OU processes based on the discrete observations is considered in this paper. The estimator of an intensity parameter A and its convergence result are given, and the simulations show that the estimation is quite accurate. Assuming that the parameter A is estimated, the maximum likelihood estimation of shape parameter c and scale parameter a, whose likelihood function is not explicitly computable, is considered. By means of the Gaver-Stehfest algorithm, we construct an explicit sequence of approximations to the likelihood function and show that it converges the true (but unkown) one. Maximizing the sequence results in an estimator that converges to the true maximum likelihood estimator and the approximation shares the asymptotic properties of the true maximum likelihood estimator. Some simulation experiments reveal that this method is still quite accurate in most of rational situations for the background of volatility. 相似文献
27.
基于密度泛函理论(DFT),用完全势能线性缀加平面波方法(FPLAPW)计算模拟了MnO2的同质多相变体(金红石型结构、CaCl2型结构、黄铁矿型结构),通过计算,预测了β-MnO2在5 GPa时从金红石型结构转变为CaCl2型结构,在20 GPa时进一步转变为黄铁矿型结构。另外,还总结和比较了几种金红石型结构二氧化物的压致相变特点,得出第Ⅳ主族元素的金红石型结构氧化物有很好的规律性,发生的相变序列基本一致;并随着金属阳离子半径的增大,发生相变的压力值也相应地递减,各氧化物的体积模量值相应地减小。 相似文献
28.
P. E. Cladis 《Journal of statistical physics》1991,62(5-6):899-925
We first discuss nonlinear aspects of phase transition theory applied to a particular liquid crystal phase transition. A simple derivation is given to show how two coupled Goldstone modes (one appearing as gauge fluctuations of the ordered phase) can force a phase transition, against all expectations, to take place discontinuously (theory of Halperin, Lubensky, and Ma)-but the discontinuity may be immeasurably small. Then, we describe a new dynamical test of phase transition order, developed by Cladiset al., that turns out to be more sensitive than x-ray diffraction and adiabatic calorimetry. Quantitative data found by this new method are in excellent agreement with the measurements of adiabatic calorimetry and x-ray diffraction as well as expectations implicit in the predictions of HLM.This is the text of an after-banquet talk given at the CNLS Workshop on the Dynamics of Concentrated Systems. 相似文献
29.
The spin-1 Ising model, which is equivalent to the three-component lattice gas model, is used to study wetting transitions in three-component surfactant systems consisting of an oil, water, and a nonionic surfactant. Phase equilibria, interfacial profiles, and interfacial tensions for three-phase equilibrium are determined in mean field approximation, for a wide range of temperature and interaction parameters. Surfactant interaction parameters are found to strongly influence interfacial tensions, reducing them in some cases to ultralow values. Interfacial tensions are used to determine whether the middle phase, rich in surfactant, wets or does not wet the interface between the oil-rich and water-rich phases. By varying temperature and interaction parameters, a wetting transition is located and found to be of the first order. Comparison is made with recent experimental results on wetting transitions in ternary surfactant systems.This paper is dedicated to J. K. Percus in honor of his 65th birthday. 相似文献
30.
High temperature oxidation of metals leads to residual stresses both in the metal and in the growing oxide. In this work, the evolution of this residual stresses is theoretically predicted in the growing oxide layers. The origin of these stresses is based on a microstructural model. Using experimental results providing from the oxidation kinetics, and an analysis proposed to describe the growth strain occurring in the thin layers, a set of equations is established allowing determining the stresses evolution with oxidation time. Then, the model is compared with experimental results obtained on both α-Fe and phosphated α-Fe, oxidised at different temperatures. Numerical data are extracted from experiments either with an asymptotic formulation or with an inverse method. These two methods give good agreement with experiments and allow extracting the model parameters. 相似文献