中国数字经济发展水平:时空特征、动态演化及影响因素

基于构建的数字经济发展水平评价指标体系与2010~2018年全国30个省市(除西藏、港澳台)的面板数据,对中国数字经济发展水平的时空特征、动态演化与区域差异原因进行探究。研究发现:全国及三大区域的数字经济发展水平均呈现稳步上升态势,并伴有明显的空间相关性、空间集聚性和区域差异性,且东部相较于中西部区域内差异更大。数字经济发展速度动态演化显示,整体上中国各省市数字化发展水平变化速度状态表现为上升趋势,相较于中西部,东部拥有更大的速度变化状态。地区前期数字化基础、经济发展的一阶滞后、政府科技投入均会促进区域数字经济的发展,对外开放水平会抑制数字经济发展,地区规模对数字经济的影响表现为非线性。此外,不同线性影响因素在不同区域内对数字经济发展水平具有不同的影响力。     

Morse Index of Multiple Blow-up Solutions to the Two-Dimensional Sinh-Poisson Equation

In this paper we consider the Dirichlet problemwhere $\rho$ is a small parameter and $\Omega$ is a $C^2$ bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^2$. In [1], the author proves the existence of a $m$-point blow-up solution $u_\rho$ jointly with its asymptotic behaviour. We compute the Morse index of $u_\rho$ in terms of the Morse index of the associated Hamilton function of this problem. In addition, we give an asymptotic estimate for the first $4m$ eigenvalues and eigenfunctions.     

Real-time onboard wind and windshear determination,part 2: Detection

This paper is concerned with windshear detection in connection with real-time wind identification (Ref. 1). It presents a comparative evaluation of two techniques, one based on the shear/downdraft factor and one based on the wind difference index. The comparison is done with reference to a particular microburst, that which caused the 1985 crash of Flight Delta 191 at Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport.The shear/downdraft factor has the merit of combining the effects of the shear and the downdraft into a single entity. However, its effectiveness is hampered by the fact that, in a real situation, the windshear is accompanied by free-stream turbulence, which tends to blur the resulting signal. In turn, this results in undesirable nuisance warnings if the magnitude of the shear factor due to free-stream turbulence is temporarily larger than that due to true windshear. Therefore, proper filtering is necessary prior to using the shear/downdraft factor in detection and guidance. One effective way for achieving this goal is to average the shear/downdraft factor over a specified time interval . The effect of on the average shear/downdraft factor is studied.     

Preparation and characterization of a viscosity index improver for naphthenic and paraffinic base oils

Copolymers of -methyl styrene and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate were prepared in a benzene solution. The presence of the copolymers were confirmed by solubility, IR and NMR tests. The molecular weight and the polydispersity of the polymers were estimated by GPC. The copolymers obtained were blended with paraffinic and naphthenic base oils. The viscosity, the viscosity index (VI) the Q value as well as the stability to shear and oxidation were obtained for these blends. The results are compared with the results obtained with an oil blend containing a commonly used high temperature additive. Two of the copolymers obtained have shown to be good alternatives for specific applications.Presented at the Symposium, 76^th CSC Congress, Sherbrooke, Quebec, May 30–June 3, 1993, honoring Professor Donald Patterson on the occasion of his 65^th birthday.     

Influence of adsorption effects on retention indices of selected C10-hydroxy compounds at various temperatures

Summary Retention indices of 6 selected hydroxy compounds (aliphatic and bicyclic alcohols, phenols) were determined on 2 HP-5 fused-silica, capillary columns with different film thicknesses (0.11 m and 0.33 m) at 8 different oven temperatures between 80 and 150°C. For some substances the I-T plot was found to show a minimum which cannot be explained by the common retention-index temperature-dependence in gas-liquid chromatography. This result is discussed in terms of adsorption at the liquid-solid interface of the capillary column.     

Complete solutions of a family of quartic Thue and index form equations

Continuing the recent work of the second author, we prove that the diophantine equation

for has exactly 12 solutions except when , when it has 16 solutions. If denotes one of the zeros of , then for we also find all with .

     

Geometric indices and the Alexander polynomial of a knot

It is well-known that any Laurent polynomial satisfying and is the Alexander polynomial of a knot in . We show that can be realized by a knot which has the following properties simultaneously: (i) tunnel number 1; (ii) bridge index 3; and (iii) unknotting number 1.

     

Effects of solute-matrix interaction on monitoring the conformational changes of immobilized proteins by surface plasmon resonance sensor

A real-time and labeling-free surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor was used to monitor the conformational changes of immobilized globule proteins (RNase A and lysozyme) in chemical unfolding and refolding. The effects of chemical denaturants on the protein structures were investigated. The methodology in protein conformational study on the solid surface is refined through the theoretic calculations and the conformational information of native/denatured proteins in solution. Additionally, our observation illustrates that the ambient buffer solution is merit to influence the refractive index of immobilized protein films and directly be observed from the SPR resonance angle shifts.     

Correlations between Van der Waals' volume and retention index general equation applicable to different homologous series

Summary Correlations between retention index (R_I) and Van der Waals' volume (V_W) in homologous series of n-alcohols, n-aldehydes and esters are studied on the stationary phases Carbowax 1540 and squalane. Influence of functional groups is quantified and a method for obtaining one general equation, valid for an indeterminate number of homologous series, is proposed.     

Graphs to chemical structures. 4: Combinatorial enumeration of planted three-dimensional trees as stereochemical models of monosubstituted alkanes

Planted three-dimensional (3D) trees, which are defined as a 3D version of planted trees, are enumerated by means of Fujita’s proligand method formulated in Parts 1–3 of this series [Fujita in Theor Chem Acc 113:73–79, 80–86, 2005; Fujita in Theor Chem Acc 115:37–53, 2006]. By starting from the concepts of proligand and promolecule introduced previously [Fujita in Tetrahedron 47:31–46, 1991], a planted promolecule is defined as a 3D object in which the substitution positions of a given 3D skeleton are occupied by a root and proligands. Then, such planted promolecules are introduced as models of planted 3D-trees. Because each of the proligands in a given planted promolecule is regarded as another intermediate planted promolecule in a nested fashion, the given planted promolecule is recursively constructed by a set of such intermediates planted promolecules. The recursive nature of such intermediate planted promolecules is used to derive generating functions for enumerating planted promolecules or planted 3D-trees. The generating functions are based on cycle indices with chirality fittingness (CI-CFs), which are composed of three kinds of sphericity indices (SIs), i.e., a _d for homospheric cycles, c _d for enantiospheric cycles, and b _d for hemispheric cycles. For the purpose of evaluating c _d recursively, the concept of diploid is proposed, where the nested nature of c _d is demonstrated clearly. The SIs are applied to derive functional equations for recursive calculations, i.e., a(x), c(x ²), and b(x). Thereby, planted 3D-trees or equivalently monosubstituted alkanes as stereoisomers are enumerated recursively by counting planted promolecules. The resulting values are collected up to 20 carbon content in a tabular form. Now, the enumeration problem initiated by mathematician Cayley [Philos Mag 47(4):444–446, 1874] has been solved in such a systematic and integrated manner as satisfying both mathematical and chemical requirements.