全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4583篇 |
免费 | 688篇 |
国内免费 | 280篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 3952篇 |
晶体学 | 15篇 |
力学 | 526篇 |
综合类 | 51篇 |
数学 | 361篇 |
物理学 | 646篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 5篇 |
2023年 | 48篇 |
2022年 | 65篇 |
2021年 | 283篇 |
2020年 | 225篇 |
2019年 | 144篇 |
2018年 | 171篇 |
2017年 | 147篇 |
2016年 | 260篇 |
2015年 | 250篇 |
2014年 | 278篇 |
2013年 | 488篇 |
2012年 | 301篇 |
2011年 | 283篇 |
2010年 | 202篇 |
2009年 | 269篇 |
2008年 | 244篇 |
2007年 | 259篇 |
2006年 | 236篇 |
2005年 | 239篇 |
2004年 | 203篇 |
2003年 | 195篇 |
2002年 | 133篇 |
2001年 | 75篇 |
2000年 | 74篇 |
1999年 | 54篇 |
1998年 | 52篇 |
1997年 | 57篇 |
1996年 | 58篇 |
1995年 | 35篇 |
1994年 | 34篇 |
1993年 | 26篇 |
1992年 | 36篇 |
1991年 | 22篇 |
1990年 | 18篇 |
1989年 | 8篇 |
1988年 | 20篇 |
1987年 | 11篇 |
1986年 | 9篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 10篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有5551条查询结果,搜索用时 78 毫秒
81.
A convergent selective route to (+)-brefeldin A (BFA) and 7-epi-BFA was developed, with the crucial C-4/C-5 stereogenic centers were established using Crimmins asymmetric aldolization. 相似文献
82.
E. M. Chudnovsky 《Journal of statistical physics》1985,41(5-6):877-897
It is shown that biological-natural-selection-like behavior can occur, as a general type of time evolution, in a statistical system where detailed balance is violated owing to the presence of metastable energy states. A model of a non-equilibrium phase transition corresponding to the spontaneous origin of self-reproduction in the system is suggested. After a phase transition, the system passes from one quasistationary distribution of self-reproducing subsystems to another, with an increase in the total organization, as long as the growth of the energy flow through the system or a reduction of energy dissipation in the system is possible. The entropy production is calculated for this process in terms of selective values of Eigen's theory for self-organization in autocatalytic systems. Correspondence of the extremal principle of Eigen's theory with the criterion of evolution in Prigogine's thermodynamics is established. 相似文献
83.
Bio-, thermo-catalytic transitional zone gas (BTCTZ gas), of which burial depth is shallow (1000-2500m), chemical composition (C,/ΣC1-5 = 0.7-0.9) and isotopic composition (δ13C1= -55 to-48‰) coincide with the evolution level of organic matter (R0=0.25-0.6%) in the corresponding strata, is a natural gas of new genetic type. The genesis of BTCTZ gas must have some relation to microcatalysis under lower temperature and condensation of aromatic hydrocarbons. In line with the new theory of natural gas formation, the existence of BTCTZ gas is objective. According to data from all over the world, BTCTZ gas may hold an important position in the table of reserves of natural gas. 相似文献
84.
A new pulse sequence is proposed for the determination of scalar coupling correlation in small- and medium-sized organic compounds. The method uses a combination of the double pulsed field gradient spin-echo (DPFGSE) and the selective population transfer (SPT) techniques and is shown to be useful in the analysis of complex spectra with many overlapped signals. The usefulness of this method in the structural elucidation of natural substances is demonstrated using strychnine and digitoxin as examples. 相似文献
85.
86.
M. M. Kabachnic E. V. Zobnina V. Yu. Pavlov I. O. Konstantinov G. V. Ponomarev I. P. Beletskaya 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》2005,54(1):262-265
A preparative procedure is proposed for the synthesis of α-aminophosphonates of natural porphyrins by the microwave-assisted Kabachnik—Fields reaction.__________Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 1, pp. 256–259, January, 2005. 相似文献
87.
Boris S. Krumgalz Rita Pogorelsky Kenneth S. Pitzer 《Journal of solution chemistry》1995,24(10):1025-1038
The ion interaction approach developed by Pitzer was used for the prediction of volumetric properties of mixed electrolyte solutions at 25°C based on parameters calculated from experimental data for single-solute electrolyte solutions. Such an approach was shown to be especially effective for application to the calculation of volumetric properties of natural hypersaline brines and of industrial electrolyte solutions of large complexity. The use of the latest recommended sets of volumetric ion interaction parameters for single electrolyte solutions and symmetrical mixing parameters for Na–K–Cl ion combinations considerably improved the precision of the density calculations of highly concentrated mixed electrolyte solutions and of various natural waters. 相似文献
88.
Tonino CarusoAldo Spinella 《Tetrahedron》2003,59(39):7787-7790
An improved methodology for the preparation of copper(I) alkynides has been developed using cesium carbonate as base. In the presence of cesium carbonate and CuI various 1-alkynes were converted smoothly to the corresponding copper alkynides which in situ reacted with propargylic halides in order to synthesize skipped diynes. 相似文献
89.
Marimganti S Yasmeen S Fischer D Maier ME 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2005,11(22):6687-6700
The synthesis of the omega-amino acid 4 is described utilizing a two-dimensional synthesis strategy combined with an enzymatic differentiation of homotopic ester groups. The amino acid 4 features two non-bonded interactions that result in conformational constraints on a cyclic construct. This amino acid was incorporated into the four macrolactams 17, 22, 31, and 37. The ring in 17 and 22 is 18-membered, whereas 31 and 37 have a 19-membered ring. The pairs with the same ring size differ in a N-methyl group. For the larger macrolactams (31 and 37) conformational analysis showed that the macrocyclic rings are somewhat more rigid than in the natural lead, the depsipeptide jasplakinolide. Nevertheless, their conformations are comparable to the natural product. There are no intramolecular hydrogen bonds, neither is the cis-rotamer populated in the N-methyl compound 37. Due to the increased flexibility of the smaller macrolactams 17 and 22 and signal overlap, a distinct solution structure could not be obtained for these compounds. The amino acid 4 should be useful for restricting the conformation of other small peptides. 相似文献
90.
本文综述了利用分子对称性简化天然有机产物合成设计的策略,讨论了具有下述四种对称性的分子的合成:一、对称中心和旋转对称轴;二、对称平面;三、潜在的对称性;四、局部的对称性。 相似文献