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91.
The root count developed by Bernshtein, Kushnirenko and Khovanskii only counts the number of isolated zeros of a polynomial system in the algebraic torus . In this paper, we modify this bound slightly so that it counts the number of isolated zeros in . Our bound is, apparently, significantly sharper than the recent root counts found by Rojas and in many cases easier to compute. As a consequence of our result, the Huber-Sturmfels homotopy for finding all the isolated zeros of a polynomial system in can be slightly modified to obtain all the isolated zeros in .
92.
Chemical modification of commercial high performance thin-layer chromatography plates with various mixtures of cyano-propyltrichlorosilane and octadecyltrichlorosilane is described. Surface coverage by different treatments is demonstrated as well as the variations in chromatographic performance. With regard to the development in aqueous media the utility of CN/ ODS plates compared to ODS plates is also shown. 相似文献
93.
As an alternative to acid pretreated UCON and FFAP capillaries for the analysis of wide-boiling free fatty acid mixtures, OV-1 : FFAP phase mixtures were used on high-temperature silylated inert glass capillary columns. The HETP-carrier gas velocity curves, peak asymmetry factors, coating efficiency, gas phase and stationary phase contributions to the mass transfer resistance were determined for various OV-1 : FFAP ratios. Mixed-phase capillaries showed optimum performance at a 2 : 1 OV-1 : FFAP ratio. The thermal and long-term stability of OV-1-stabilized FFAP columns surpassed those of the UCON and pure FFAP reference column used. 相似文献
94.
A potentiometric method using a glass electrode has been applied to determination of ionization constants for deuterium oxide (D2O) in binary mixtures of D2O with dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, dimethylsulfoxide, CH3CH2OD, and CH3OD at 25°C. The results are compared with values of ionization constants for H2O obtained previously in the corresponding H2O-organic mixtures, and the isotope effect is shown to be small. Further calculations with the D2O results show that the first five solvents mentioned above are neither appreciably acidic nor basic in D2O solution, but that CH3OD shows slightly acidic behavior (pKa=16.0±0.3). 相似文献
95.
Z. Mikulová P. Čuba J. Balabánová T. Rojka F. Kovanda K. Jirátová 《Chemical Papers》2007,61(2):103-109
The effect of hydrothermal treatment on properties (crystallinity, porous structure, reducibility, acidity, basicity, and
catalytic activity and selectivity in toluene and ethanol total oxidation) of Ni—Al layered double hydroxide precursors and
related mixed oxides was examined. The hydrothermal treatment increased considerably both the content of crystalline phase
and LDH crystallite size. On the other hand, only a slight effect of the precursor hydrothermal treatment on crystallinity
of the related Ni—Al mixed oxides obtained by calcination at 450°C was observed. The reducibility of NiO particles appeared
to be hindered considerably compared to the reducibility of pure NiO. Catalytic activity of the Ni—Al mixed oxides prepared
from the precursors hydrothermally treated for a short time (4 h) was the highest. The highest amount of acetaldehyde formed
during the total oxidation of ethanol, i.e. the worst selectivity was found for the calcined Ni—Al LDH without hydrothermal treatment.
Presented at the 33rd International Conference of the Slovak Society of Chemical Engineering, Tatranské Matliare, 22–26 May
2006. 相似文献
96.
97.
A. Coetzee M. E. Brown D. J. Eve C. A. Strydom 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》1994,41(2-3):357-385
Both isothermal and programmed temperature experiments have been used to obtain kinetic parameters for the dehydrations and
the decompositions in nitrogen of the mixed metal oxalates: FeCu(ox)2·3H2O, CoCu(ox)2·3H2O and NiCu(ox)2·3.5H2O, [ox=C2O4]. Results are compared with those reported for the thermal decompositions of the individual metal oxalates, Cuox, Coox·2H2O, Niox·2H2O and Feox·2H2O. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was also used to examinee the individual and the mixed oxalates.
Dehydrations of the mixed oxalates were mainly deceleratory processes with activation energies (80 to 90 kJ·mol−1), similar to those reported for the individual hydrated oxalates. Temperature ranges for dehydration were broadly similar
for all the hydrates studied here (130 to 180°C).
Decompositions of the mixed oxalates were all complex endothermic processes with no obvious resemblance to the exothermic
reaction of Cuox, or the reactions of physical mixtures of the corresponding individual oxalates.
The order of decreasing stability, as indicated by the temperature ranges giving comparable decomposition rates, was NiCu(ox)2>CoCu(ox)2>FeCu(ox)2, which also corresponds to the order of increasing covalency of the Cu−O bonds as shown by XPS.
In celebration of the 60th birthday of Dr. Andrew K. Galwey 相似文献
98.
V. A. Al'fonsov I. A. Litvinov O. N. Kataeva D. A. Pudovik S. A. Katsyuba 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》1995,44(10):1897-1899
X-Ray study of (diethyldithiocarbomoyl)diphenylthiophosphinate was carried out. AZ-conformation of the diethyldithiocarbomoyl ligand, which results in a short nonvalent intramolecular P...S contact (3.315 Å), is realized in the molecule. Steric hindrances in the molecule increase the P-S-C bond angle to 106.39°.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 10, pp. 1978–1980, October, 1995.The work was financially supported by the International Science Foundation (Gram RH1 000). 相似文献
99.
Yu. E. Roginskaya F. Kh. Chibirova T. L. Kulova A. M. Skundin 《Russian Journal of Electrochemistry》2006,42(4):355-362
Products of lithium interaction with thin-film nanostructured SnO2-TiO2 (ST) oxides are studied with the aid of x-ray diffraction analysis and Moessbauer spectroscopy on the 119Sn nuclei. Electrochemical properties of a series of the ST electrodes with different concentrations of TiO2 varied from 0 to 20 mol % are also examined. It is concluded that the specific feature of the charge-discharge mechanism of the ST electrodes is a significant participation of oxygen in reversible reactions during insertion and extraction of lithium as compared with an alloying mechanism of operation of tin-containing anodes. The leading role in this is played by titanium oxide. Remaining stable towards reduction by lithium, it facilitates the holding of the neighboring layers of SnO2 in a nanodisperse state and in an oxidized state. The effect of a decrease in the capacity degradation in modified TiO2 electrodes, which is discovered in this work, is attributed to the hampering of the growth of nanocrystallites of β-Sn by interlayers of tin and titanium oxides mentioned above. 相似文献
100.
Solvation of the thallous ion in dilute solutions of six binary solvent systems (formamide/water,N-methylformamide/water,N-ethylformamide/water, formamide/N-methylformamide, formamide/N-ethylformamide, andN-methylformamide/N-ethylformamide) was studied with205Tl NMR spectroscopy. An attempt was made to separate solvation effects related to the electrondonating ability (Lewis basicity) of the solvents from effects resulting from structural changes in the solvation sphere. Structural effects were found to be greatest in theN-methylformamide/water system and least in theN-methylformamide/formamide system. 相似文献