Novel electromagnetic functionalized γ‐Fe2O3/polypyrrole composite nanostructures with high conductivity

In general, the conductivity of polypyrrole (PPy) is reduced by addition of magnetic nanoparticles as the additives owing to insulating effect of magnetic nanoparticles. In this article, novel electromagnetic functionalized PPy composite nanostructures were prepared by a template‐free method associated with γ‐Fe₂O₃ nano‐needles as the hard templates in the presence of p‐toluene‐sulfonic acid (p‐TSA) and FeCl₃·6H₂O as the dopant and oxidant, respectively. It was found that the molar ratio of γ‐Fe₂O₃ to pyrrole monomer represented by [γ‐Fe₂O₃]/[Py] ratio strongly affected the morphology and the conductivity of the γ‐Fe₂O₃/PPy composite nanostructures. A growth mechanism for the composite nanostructures was proposed based on the variance of the morphology with the [γ‐Fe₂O₃]/[Py] ratio. Compared with previously reported γ‐Fe₂O₃/PPy composites, the as‐prepared novel composite nanostructures showed much higher conductivity (up to ～50 times higher). Moreover, the synthesized γ‐Fe₂O₃/PPy composite nanostructures displayed ferromagnetic behavior with a high coercive force. Explanations for these interesting observations were made in terms of the magnetic interaction between ferromagnetic γ‐Fe₂O₃ nano‐needles and spin‐polaron of PPy nanotubes. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 4446–4453, 2009     

偏心振动式磁感应测转速法

偏心振动式磁感应测转速法是利用偏心转动、电磁感应的原理,将转动的频率经过一系列简易操作转化为电信号的频率后再通过示波器测出转速的方法。该测量方法物理思想简单,实验操作方便,并具有测量精确高等优点。     

Probing the reaction of membrane proteins via infrared spectroscopies,plasmonics, and electrochemistry

Spectroelectrochemistry, in combination with plasmonic approaches and infrared spectroscopy, has emerged as a powerful tool in the study of membrane protein redox reactions, both for immobilized monolayer samples and those reintroduced into their native environment. Here the use of nanostructured electrodes for surface enhanced spectroelectrochemistry are discussed.     

Investigation of Electromagnetic Complex Scattering for Spherical Targets in Ku Wave Band

This paper studies the electromagnetic reciprocity among spherical targets. The second scattering field for a target is derived in detail. The complex scattered field and the bistatic RCS are presented respectively. The simulations for the obtaining result in Ku wave band show that the size of the principal target affects greatly both the forward scatter and the backward scatter. The influence of the targets around shows definite periodicity. The second scattered field decrease with the increase of distance between two targets. The more near the forward area the rounding target is, the bigger its affect is. The magnitude of the second scattered field is about 10^–3 comparing with that of the first scattered field. The size of surrounding particles can be considered as a stated scale when researching the electromagnetic reciprocity. This kind of interaction for three dimensions can be investigated easy by using the obtained result and coordinate transformation.     

Influence of Mg Composition on Optical Properties of Exciton Confinement in Strained Wurtzite ZnO/Mg_x Zn_(1-x) O Cylindrical Quantum Dots

Based on the effective-mass approximation and variational approach, excitonic optical properties are investigated theoretically in strained wurtzite (WZ) ZnO/Mg x Zn 1-x O cylindrical quantum dots (QDs) for four different Mg compositions: x = 0.08, 0.14, 0.25, and 0.33, with considering a three-dimensional carrier confinement in QDs and a strong built-in electric field effect due to the piezoelectricity and spontaneous polarization. The ground-state exciton binding energy, the interband emission wavelength, and the radiative lifetime as functions of the QD structural parameters (height and radius) are calculated in detail. The computations are performed in the case of finite band offset. Numerical results elucidate that Mg composition has a significant influence on the exciton states and optical properties of ZnO/Mg x Zn 1 x O QDs. The ground-state exciton binding energy increases with increasing Mg composition and the increment tendency is more prominent for small height QDs. As Mg composition increases, the interband emission wavelength has a blue-shift if the dot height L 3.5 nm, but the interband emission wavelength has a red-shift when L 3.5 nm. Furthermore, the radiative lifetime increases rapidly with increasing Mg composition if the dot height L 3 nm and the increment tendency is more prominent for large height QDs. The physical reason has been analyzed in depth.     

Magnetic Textures and Dynamics in Magnetic Weyl Semimetals

Recent theoretical and experimental attempts have been successful in finding magnetic Weyl semimetal phases, which show nodal-point structure in the electronic bands as well as magnetic orders. Beyond uniform ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic orders, nonuniform magnetic textures, such as domain walls and skyrmions, enrich the properties of the Weyl electrons even more in such materials. Here, a topical review on interplay between Weyl electrons and magnetic textures in those magnetic Weyl semimetals is given. The basics of magnetic textures in nontopological magnetic metals are reviewed first, and then the effect of magnetic textures in Weyl semimetals is discussed, regarding the recent theoretical and experimental progress therein. The idea of the fictitious “axial gauge fields” is pointed out, which effectively describes the effect of magnetic textures on the Weyl electrons and can well account for the properties of the electrons localized around magnetic domain walls.     

BCN ceramics with excellent electromagnetic wave–absorbing property derived from high-yield and soluble precursor polymers

Polymer-derived ceramics have been used as functional nanocomposites with designable structures and tunable properties. In this report, three types of BCN ceramics were fabricated from boron-modified precursors, which were in turn synthesized by the polymerization of decaborane as boron-rich monomer with diamines as linkages. All of these precursors present high ceramic yield and good solubility in N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide. The composition and structure of precursors were characterized using elemental analysis, Fourier-transform infrared, gel permeation chromatography, and nuclear magnetic resonance. The structural evolution during the polymer-to-ceramic process and the microstructure of pyrolyzed BCN ceramics were analyzed in detail. The BCN ceramic with 16 wt. % carbon content derived from alkyldiamines exhibited promising X-band absorption properties. When the sample thickness is only 1.8 mm, the minimum reflection loss reaches −40.9 dB at 15.8 GHz with an effective absorption bandwidth of 5.3 GHz. The simple and processable method for BCN ceramics was developed to satisfy the demand of materials with adjustable electromagnetic wave absorption properties.     

金属/介质涂覆的S形扩压器电磁散射特性

进气道作为飞机强散射源之一,准确评估其雷达散射截面(RCS)特性一直是当今计算电磁学的研究热点.研究了一种加入阻抗边界条件、前后向迭代的迭代物理光学法,提出一种盒体分割法用于处理几何消隐工作.通过软件开发实现任意金属/介质腔体RCS特性评估,并用相关算例校验软件准确性.在此基础上应用该软件对金属/涂敷介质矩形S弯扩压5器进行数值模拟,获得了扩压器在入射波长0.03 m下的RCS变化规律.改进后的迭代物理光学法适用于任意腔体改型和涂敷吸波材料研究,缩短设计周期.     

Excitation of upper-hybrid plasma wake wave by a low-frequency extraordinary electromagnetic wave

The excitation of upper-hybrid wake electrostatic wave by interaction of an extraordinary Gaussian wave propagating perpendicular to the external magnetic field in a cold homogeneous plasma is investigated using magnetohydrodynamics theory. The plasma oscillations can be excited due to the charge separation appeared by the ponderomotive force of the electromagnetic wave whose frequency is considered in the lower pass band. By obtaining the equation governing the plasma wake, the dependency of the wake amplitude on the physical parameters is studied. It is observed that larger wake oscillation takes place when the pulse length is approximately close to 3λ_p/π and the X-wave frequency is greater than ω_p, which means that the phase velocity is less than the speed of light in vacuum (v_p < c).