全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3903篇 |
免费 | 636篇 |
国内免费 | 137篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 2176篇 |
晶体学 | 6篇 |
力学 | 435篇 |
综合类 | 23篇 |
数学 | 485篇 |
物理学 | 1551篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 16篇 |
2023年 | 69篇 |
2022年 | 92篇 |
2021年 | 92篇 |
2020年 | 132篇 |
2019年 | 129篇 |
2018年 | 123篇 |
2017年 | 169篇 |
2016年 | 156篇 |
2015年 | 177篇 |
2014年 | 174篇 |
2013年 | 282篇 |
2012年 | 295篇 |
2011年 | 272篇 |
2010年 | 182篇 |
2009年 | 216篇 |
2008年 | 235篇 |
2007年 | 256篇 |
2006年 | 197篇 |
2005年 | 212篇 |
2004年 | 162篇 |
2003年 | 167篇 |
2002年 | 133篇 |
2001年 | 85篇 |
2000年 | 111篇 |
1999年 | 83篇 |
1998年 | 62篇 |
1997年 | 55篇 |
1996年 | 54篇 |
1995年 | 41篇 |
1994年 | 33篇 |
1993年 | 30篇 |
1992年 | 42篇 |
1991年 | 40篇 |
1990年 | 21篇 |
1989年 | 17篇 |
1988年 | 13篇 |
1987年 | 16篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
1957年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有4676条查询结果,搜索用时 93 毫秒
51.
The precision of isotopic measurements of Pb by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) is limited by the fact that this element does not possess an invariant isotope ratio that can be used for the correction of mass fractionation by internal normalization. Multiple-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICPMS) can overcome this limitation, because with plasma ionization, elements with overlapping mass ranges are thought to display identical mass discrimination. With respect to Pb, this can be exploited by the addition of Tl to the sample solutions; the mass discrimination factor obtained for Tl can then be used for the correction of the measured Pb isotope ratios. In this article we present the results of a detailed study that investigates the accuracy and precision of such an external correction technique for mass discrimination based upon the results of multiple analyses of a mixed standard solution of NIST SRM-981 Pb and SRM-997 Tl. Our data indicate that normalization of the Pb isotope ratios to the certified isotopic composition of SRM-997 Tl produces Pb isotopic results that are significantly lower than recently published reference values by TIMS. This systematic offset can be eliminated by renormalization of the Pb data to a different Tl isotopic composition to obtain an empirically determined mass discrimination factor for Pb that generates accurate results. It is furthermore shown that a linear law is least suited for the correction of mass discrimination, whereas a power or exponential law function provide significantly more accurate and precise results. In detail, it appears that a power law may provide the most appropriate correction procedure, because the corrected Pb isotope ratios display less residual correlations with mass discrimination compared to the exponentially corrected data. Using an exponential or power law correction our results, obtained over a period of over seven months, display a precision (2σ) of better than 60 parts per million (ppm) for 208Pb/206Pb and 207Pb/206Pb and of better than 350 ppm for 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb/204Pb, and 208Pb/204Pb. This represents a significant improvement compared to conventional TIMS techniques and demonstrates the potential of MC-ICPMS for routine, high-precision measurements of Pb isotopic compositions. 相似文献
52.
53.
河口水体中痕量稀土元素的共沉淀预富集-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
建立了氢氧化铟共沉淀预富集 -电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定河口水体中痕量稀土元素的方法。实验结果表明 ,在80mg·L -1的In3 +和pH9.5的实验条件下 ,在1.0L水样中添加5.0~200.0ng的混合稀土标准溶液 ,均能定量回收 ,回收率在82.2 %~106.9 %之间。方法的分析流程空白为0.04(Tb)~10.17(La)ng·L -1,检出限在0.17(Yb)~1.46(La)ng·L-1之间 ,精密度 (RSD ,n=3)小于11.7 % ,可满足河口淡水和海水样品中的痕量稀土元素定量分析的要求 相似文献
54.
预富集电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定地下水中超痕量稀土元素及钪、钇 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
以P507萃淋树脂为固定相,HCl/EDTA为流动相,建立了地下水中超痕量稀土元素及钪、钇的ICP-MS测定的新方法。详细探讨了稀土元素(REEs)、Sc、Y与基体元素的分离、EDTA小体积洗脱的实验条件及ICP-MS工作参数。在pH2.6时上柱,大部分Ca、Mg,其体可不经淋洗而直接与REEs分离;以100mmol的EDTA洗脱,5mL淋洗体积REEs、Y、Sc回收率为96%-98.5%。详细考察了La、Ce、Pr的氧化物离子及氢氧化物离子的干扰及校正方法。分析方法的检测限为0.7-10.1ng/L,加标回收率为95%-99%。用于实际地下水及人工模拟水样的分析,结果令人满意。 相似文献
55.
56.
57.
Fly ash samples of cement works were analysed using slurry nebulization inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometric (ICP-AES). Because of the influence of the experimental factors on the signal intensity, the optimal conditions of the analysis circumstances were determined. Control analyses (wet digestion followed by ICP-AES, and XRF of dry powders (pressed pellets)) were also carried out to compare the results. Based on the result, it was concluded that the slurry nebulization method using slurry standard of same type reference material for calibration can be applied for rapid but less precise (RSD 5–10%) determination of the elements in fly ash. 相似文献
58.
59.
The phase diagrams of the binary system KF-AlF3 as well as the ternary system NaF-KF-AlF3 in the range up to 50 mol% AlF3, were measured using the thermal analysis method. In the system KF-AlF3 the coordinates of the eutectic points are: E
1: 8.0 mol% AlF3, 821.2°C, and E
2: 45.5 mol% AlF3, 565.0°C. In the investigated concentration range of the ternary system 2 eutectic points have been found with the calculated
coordinates: E
1: 36.3 mol% NaF, 62.7 mol% KF, 1.0 mol% AlF3; t=711.2°C; and E
2: 51.9 mol% NaF, 27.4 mol% KF, 20.7 mol% AlF3; t=734.5°C. Other eutectic points lie most probably beyond the investigated part of the system.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
60.
Anton M. ter Laak Hendrik Timmerman Rob Leurs Paul H. J. Nederkoorn Martine J. Smit Gabriëlle M. Donné-Op den Kelder 《Journal of computer-aided molecular design》1995,9(4):319-330
Summary A modelling study has been carried out, investigating the binding of histamine (Hist), 2-methylhistamine (2-MeHist) and 2-phenylhistamine (2-PhHist) at two postulated agonistic binding sites on transmembrane domain 5 (TM5) of the histamine H1-receptor. For this purpose a conformational analysis study was performed on three particular residues of TM5, i.e., Lys200, Thr203 and Asn207, for which a functional role in binding has been proposed. The most favourable results were obtained for the interaction between Hist and the Lys200/Asn207 pair. Therefore, Lys200 was subsequently mutated and converted to an alanine, resulting in a 50-fold decrease of H1-receptor stimulation by histamine. Altogether, the data suggest that the Lys200/Asn207 pair is important for activation of the H1-receptor by histamine. In contrast, analogues of 2-PhHist seem to belong to a distinct subclass of histamine agonists and an alternative mode of binding is proposed in which the 2-phenyl ring binds to the same receptor location as one of the aromatic rings of classical histamine H1-antagonists. Subsequently, the binding modes of the agonists Hist, 2-MeHist and 2-PhHist and the H1-antagonist cyproheptadine were evaluated in three different seven--helical models of the H1-receptor built in homology with bacteriorhodopsin, but using three different alignments. Our findings suggest that the position of the carboxylate group of Asp116 (TM3) within the receptor pocket depends on whether an agonist or an antagonist binds to the protein; a conformational change of this aspartate residue upon agonist binding is expected to play an essential role in receptor stimulation.Abbreviations 2-MeHist
2-methylhistamine
- 2-PEA
2-pyridyl-ethylamine
- 2-PhHist
2-phenylhistamine
- CHO
Chinese hamster ovary
- Eint
interaction energy
- Estr
strain energy
- GES
global energy structure
- gpH1R
guinea pig H1-receptor
- GPCR
G-protein coupled receptor
- Hist
histamine
- N
proximal nitrogen
- N
tele nitrogen
- TM
transmembrane domain
- WT
wild type 相似文献