空间外差光谱仪干涉图数据处理

空间外差光谱技术是一种新型的超分辨光谱技术。介绍了空间外差光谱仪的基本原理,并针对其特点提出了干涉图数据处理的方法。首先通过一阶差分对干涉图进行去基线处理,然后使用三角函数作为切趾函数对干涉图进行切趾,并对傅里叶变换光谱进行相位校正,最后采用已知双线光源对空间外差光谱仪原理试验装置进行波长定标。文章以Na双线与Hg谱线进行波长定标,得到了波长定标曲线。通过以上的方法对空间外差光谱仪干涉图数据进行处理,能有效地提高干涉图反演光谱的精度。     

探测器光谱响应对光谱仪器波长标定中谱峰位置的影响

一般光电探测器的光谱响应是随波长变化的,这在光谱仪器进行波长标定的过程中,可能会改变标定谱线峰值所在的位置,从而影响标定结果的准确度。为此,针对采用阵列探测器的光谱仪器,建立了以高斯线型为标定谱线轮廓的模型,分析了谱线在探测器上经光谱响应调制及积分抽样后峰值位置发生移动的情况,给出了保证在峰值位置不偏移的情况下探测器光谱响应需满足的条件,特别给出了当仪器分光元件为光栅时,在该条件下结合仪器参数的表达式。为保证光谱仪器波长标定的准确度,在仪器设计阶段,可应用此条件选择适宜的探测器;在仪器应用阶段,亦可根据实际探测器参数,应用此条件选择适宜用于标定过程的谱线。     

结构光三维测量系统中投影仪标定技术研究

投影仪标定是单摄像机单投影仪结构光三维测量中的基础。采用双面标定块实现投影仪的标定。标定块正面为黑底白色圆点图案,通过Tsai两步法及非线性优化完成摄像机标定。背面为反射率均匀的白色平面,由投影仪投影双方向高亮度的直线来生成特征点。针对特征点三维坐标难以确定的问题,采用了两种方法:一是依靠摄像机标定结果;二是结合正面圆点图案,利用交比不变性获取更多的有效输入数据。标定设备简单,操作方便。实验结果证明具有较理想的标定精度。     

基于角锥棱镜和面阵CCD的动态基座航向角校准

研究用于飞行器等动态基座航向角校准的大范围、中高精度航向角度测量系统.系统采用2个面阵电荷耦合装置(CCD)检测反射光斑的相对位置,实时测定动态基座航向角,为避免基座晃动的影响,提出了角锥棱镜反射测量方法并设计了整套光路,所需元件少,结构简单,光路调谐简便,适合空中作业.根据预估参数搭建了实验系统,对面阵CCD传感器的检测信号进行阈值分割处理后,采用重心亚像素检测方法,定位精度达到0.4像元大小,航向角度测量不受基座晃动影响,测量精度优于1',测量范围满足±10°,为应用于外场实验打下了基础.     

嫦娥一号卫星干涉成像光谱仪现场性能检测实验

介绍了嫦娥一号卫星有效载荷—干涉成像光谱仪现场性能检测实验,包括焦距检测实验、MTF检测实验、谱线位置和光谱分辨率定标检测实验、光谱辐射度定标检测实验.分析了检测的必要性,确定了检测判据,制订了检测方案,规定了实验条件,给出了检测结果.通过实验,保证了干涉成像光谱仪以确定的和良好的技术状态发射.     

空间调制干涉光谱成像仪光谱定标技术研究

为了对干涉光谱成像仪进行光谱定标,针对空间调制该仪器的原理,得出了其光程差和光谱分辨率的计算方法,并分析了仪器的线型函数.在实验中使用多种单色光源(波长范围:450～950 nm)和扩束准直镜(焦距120 mm、口径50 mm)进行光谱定标测试.结果表明:影响实验室光谱定标不确定度的主要因素为d/f的测量误差和标准光谱的误差.     

薄壁快脉冲252Cf裂变电离室的研制及性能测试

介绍了用于中子探测器效率刻度的薄壁快脉冲252Cf裂变电离室。 在用飞行时间法测量中子能谱时, 该裂变电离室能够给出252Cf裂变中子发射时刻信号, 输出脉冲上升时间约为5.5 ns, 电离室由厚度为0.15 mm的不锈钢构成。 测试结果表明, 对裂变碎片的探测效率为99.2%, α粒子脉冲幅度和碎片脉冲幅度可清晰分开。A thin wall, fast pulse 252Cf ionization chamber, which was designed for calibrating efficiency of neutron detectors, was described. The ionization chamber can be used as the start detector in time of flight measurements of the 252Cf fission neutron spectrum. The chamber is composed of 0.15 mm thick stainless steel, the rise time of pulse signals is about 5.5 ns. As the test result shows, the detection efficiency of fission fragments is 99.2%, and pulse signals caused by fissions are distinguished clearly from those caused by α decays.     

Chemical ant colony algorithm with supramolecular coefficient and multivariate calibration to calix[n]arenas(n = 4, 6, 8) supramolecular system

A chemical ant colony algorithm (CACA) with supramolecular coefficient γ was put forward. It has successfully solved the multivariate calibration issue of the supramolecule analysis system, and realized the pure spectra fitting and the simultaneous determination of the calix[n]arenas(n = 4, 6, 8) in a multicomponent supramolecular system. The analyzing errors for calix[4, 6, 8]arenas through Chemical Ant Colony Algorithm with supramolecular coefficient γ are within ±3.75%. The errors by CACA are within ±7.50%. The former obviously excels the latter. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Real-time camera pose estimation based on volleyball court view

The use of technology in sports has increased in recent years. One of the most influential of these technologies is referee support systems. Team sports such as volleyball require accurate and robust tracking systems that do not affect either the players or the court. This paper introduces the application of intrinsic and extrinsic camera calibration in a 12-camera volleyball referee system. Intrinsic parameters are calculated by using the classic pinhole model and Zhang’s method. To perform extrinsic calibration in real time, the volleyball court is treated as a global calibration artifact. Calibration keypoints are defined as court-line intersections. In addition, a new keypoint detection algorithm is proposed. It enables achievement of an accurate camera pose in regard to the court. With all 12 cameras calibrated in a common coordinate system, a dynamic camera stereo pair creation is possible. Therefore, with known ball 2D image coordinates, the 3D real ball coordinates can be reconstructed and the ball trajectory can be estimated. The performance of the proposed method is tested on a synthetic data set, including 3Ds Max rendering and real data scenarios. The mean camera pose error calculated for data biased with keypoint detection errors is approximately equal to 0.013% of the measurement volume. For the real data experiment with a human hand phantom, it is possible to determine the presence of the human phantom on the basis of the ball reflection attitude.     

辨析声调的标度和归类方法——纪念赵元任先生标调理论发表100年

一个世纪前,赵元任先生发表了汉语声调标调理论,开创了汉语声调的定量研究,在国际上享有崇高的荣誉。新中国成立后,汉语语音学的研究蓬勃发展,汉语声调五度定调问题备受关注。20世纪20、30年代我国语言学家在美国的研究成果被介绍到国内。但不得不指出,在实际的调值计算中,没有准确遵循赵元任先生的理论,而是用简单的音高分段归类的方法代替“五度标调”。该文简要回顾20世纪20、30年代声调音高测量和数值化研究的历史,辨析汉语声调五度标调和归类的区别。并为赵元任先生的标调理论补充了计算公式,使标调理论得以准确实施。同时展望标调理论不仅在汉语的声调研究,而且在语调的研究中的应用远景。