Skill-based framework for optimal software project selection and resource allocation

This paper presents a conceptual framework and a mathematical formulation for software resource allocation and project selection at the level of software skills. First, we introduce a skill-based framework that considers universities, software companies, and potential projects of a country. Based on this framework, we formulate a linear integer program PMax which determines the selection of projects and the allocation of human resources that maximize profit for a certain company. We show that PMax is NP-complete. Therefore, we devise a meta-heuristic, called Tabu Select and Greedily Allocate (TSGA), to overcome the computational complexities. When compared to PMax running on CPLEX, TSGA performs 15 times faster with an accuracy of 98% on small to large size problems where CPLEX converges. On larger problems where CPLEX does not return an answer, TSGA computes a feasible solution in the order of minutes.     

自编数据处理程序与PW1404型X荧光光谱仪的接口软件LLLZ的研究与应用(Ⅱ)

本文将ＬＬＬＺ软件应用于粉末状地质化探样品的分析中，应用结果表明，ＬＬＬＺ软件对原有数据的应用直接、快速，分析方法的选择快速，具有易于开发，使用方便的特点。     

Stackelberg strategy solution for optimal software release policies

We present a software release policy which is based on the Stackelberg strategy solution concept. The model formulated assumes the existence of two type of producers in the market, the leader and follower. The resulting release policy combines both cost factors and a loss of opportunity factor which is the result of competition between the rival producers. We define a Stackelberg strategy pair in the context of our model and, through a series of preliminary results, show that an optimal strategy pair exists. We also present a numerical example which utilizes a software reliability growth model based on the nonhomogeneous Poisson process. Finally, we explore the relative leadership property of the optimal strategies.This work was supported in part by a FOAS Research Grant provided by RMIT. The author would like to thank the referees for constructive suggestions which helped to improve a previous version of this paper.     

OPTAC: a portable software package for analyzing and comparing optimization methods by visualization

A software package for analyzing and comparing optimization methods is presented. This package displays, using different colors, the regions of convergence to the minima of a given function for various optimization methods. It displays also the rate of their convergence as well as the regions of divergence of these methods. Moreover, this package gives quantitative information regarding the total convergence area in a specific domain for various minima.     

A markov process model for software reliability analysis

Software reliability is a rapidly developing discipline. In this paper we model the fault-detecting processes by Markov processes with decreasing jump intensity. The intensity function is suggested to be a power function of the number of the remaining faults in the software. The models generalize the software reliability model suggested by Jelinski and Moranda (‘Software reliability research’, in W. Freiberger (ed.), Statistical Computer Performance Evaluation, Academic Press, New York, 1972. pp. 465–497). The main advantage of our models is that we do not use the assumption that all software faults correspond to the same failure rate. Preliminary studies suggest that a second-order power function is quite a good approximation. Statistical tests also indicate that this may be the case. Numerical results show that the estimation of the expected time to next failure is both reasonable and decreases relatively stably when the number of removed faults is increased.     

基于对称3×3耦合器的光纤干涉信号的软件解调技术

从基于对称3×3耦合器的光纤干涉信号中解调出被测物理量,需要经复杂的运算.本文提出用软件来模拟实现了信号的解调,省去了繁杂的模拟运算电路,并且通过软件解调运算,可得到运算中间各过程的波形图,也可以分析出各种误差和产生误差的原因,对硬件解调电路的设计有指导性意义.     

Modelling and analysis of a software system with improvements in the testing phase

In this paper, we consider the error detection phenomena in the testing phase when modifications or improvements can be made to the software in the testing phase. The occurrence of improvements is described by a homogeneous Poisson process with intensity rate denoted by λ. The error detection phenomena is assumed to follow a nonhomogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) with the mean value function being denoted by m(t). Two models are presented and in one of the models, we have discussed an optimal release policy for the software taking into account the occurrences of errors and improvements. Finally, we discuss the possibility of an improvement removing k errors with probability p_k, k ≥ 0 in the software and develop a NHPP model for the error detection phenomena in this situation.     

Automatic initialisation of buffer composition estimation for on-line analysis of unknown buffer solutions

An automatic initialisation procedure for extracting useful information about buffer composition from a titration experiment is presented in this paper. The initialisation procedure identifies which buffering components are present in the sample from a relatively long list of buffers expected in the system monitored. The procedure determines approximate pK _a values of the buffers and evaluates their maximum and minimum concentrations. This information is then used to start an optimisation procedure to fit the model of the buffer components to the titration data and to accurately determine buffer concentrations and pK _a values. The procedure has been integrated as a software layer around the buffer capacity optimum model builder (BOMB) that fits a buffer-capacity model to a measured buffer-capacity curve to estimate model properties (pK _a values and concentrations). The reliability and robustness of the resulting buffer capacity software (BCS) were tested using a titrimetric analyser simulator (TAS). The BCS was then validated off-line and on-line.     

Quality assurance and instrumentation

 The quality process for commercial analytical equipment starts with the selection of the vendor. It is recommended that vendors be selected who are recognized as having quality processes in place for instrument design, development, manufacturing, testing, service, and support, for example, ISO 9001 registration. When the instrument arrives in the laboratory, the installation process should follow well-documented procedures. This includes a visual inspection that the instrument is not damaged and checking that the instrument, documentation and accessories such as cables and tubings are complete. Before the instrument is used it should be verified that it meets functional and performance specification. During operation the instruments should be periodically inspected and tested, verified to meet performance, and calibrated. The instrument should be labeled with the calibration status, indicating the dates of the last successful and the next performance verification and calibration. Defective instruments should be removed from the testing area or should at least be labeled as being "out of order." Received 23 August 1995 Accepted 6 September 1995