Zero-flee regions for a rational function with applications

In this paper, we study a rational function which plays an important role in several problems of interest (eigenvalue problems, linear control theory, ... ). Our main interest is to determine zero-free regions. We also derive upper and lower bounds for this function. Communicated by T.L. Freeman     

高功率同轴波导Ubitron放大器的高频特性研究

 用三维非线性理论，对高功率同轴波导Ubitron放大器进行了研究。该Ubitron放大器采用环形相对论电子注与同轴波导的TE₀₁模相互作用。通过数值模拟，在Ku波段得到了2.24MW的输出功率，其效率为10.9%，带宽为35% 。数值计算结果表明：电子注的自场导致饱和功率减少，频带变窄，增益下降。使用摇摆器幅值渐变，器件工作效率从10.9%提高到12.3%。     

拟合及预测饱和增长趋势的广义逻辑（Logistic）曲线模型

本文讨论了逻辑（Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ）曲线与龚柏兹（Ｇｏｍｐｅｒｔｚ）曲线模型结构上的缺点。针对这些缺点，文中提出利用广义逻辑曲线模型拟合及预测饱和增长趋势，解释了该模型包含的实际经济意义，并给出了相应的参数估计算法，以实例说明了该模型具有高于逻辑曲线和龚柏兹曲线的预测精度。     

The radiative transfer in cylindrical medium and partition allocation method by overlap regions

In this paper the radiative transfer in one-dimensional and two-dimensional cylindrical medium is simulated by the Monte-Carlo (M-C) method. Our results agree with the previous ones very well. It indicates that our cylindrical M-C model is creditable. In this paper, the partition allocation method of radiative heat transfer in participating cylindrical media is presented, in which every sub-domain is isolated by imaginary black wall at certain equivalent temperature and overlaps each other. The stitched results of all sub-domains can predict the results of a whole zone accurately. The partitioned treatment by overlap regions can achieve reasonable result, save memory efficiently, and compute parallel.     

Catchment region partitioning of energy hypersurfaces,I

The space of internal coordinates of a molecular system is partitioned into catchment regions of various critical points of the energy hypersurface. The partitioning is based on an ordering of steepest descent paths into equivalence classes. The properties of these catchment regions and their boundaries are analyzed and the concepts of chemical structure, reaction path and reaction mechanism are discussed within the framework of the Born-Oppenheimer and energy hypersurface approximations. Relations between catchment regions and the chemically important reactive domains of energy hypersurfaces, as well as models for branching of reaction mechanisms, caused by instability domainsD , 1, are investigated.     

Cation distribution and magnetic properties in chromium-substituted nickel ferrites prepared using aerosol route

Cation distribution have been investigated using X-ray diffraction, magnetic and Mössbauer spectral studies in chromium-substituted nickel ferrites prepared by aerosol route. Cation distribution indicates that the chromium atom occupy octahedral site upto x=0.8, and then also enters into tetrahedral site. The saturation magnetization decreases linearly with the increase of chromium concentration due to the diamagnetic nature of the Cr³⁺. However, interesting behaviour is observed in the coercivity. Initially it increases slowly with the chromium concentration but when x>0.8 a very large increase has been observed. This was attributed to the specific cation distribution of Cr³⁺ which results an unquenched orbital angular momentum and a large anisotropy. Room temperature Mössbauer spectra of as obtained samples exhibited a broad doublet resolved into two doublets corresponding to the surface and internal region atoms. The samples annealed at 1200 °C show broad sextets, which were fitted with different sextets, indicating different local environment of both tetrahedral and octahedral coordinated iron cation.     

Global entropy solutions to the compressible Euler equations in the isentropic nozzle flow for large data: Application of the generalized invariant regions and the modified Godunov scheme

We study the motion of isentropic gas in nozzles. This is a major subject in fluid dynamics. In fact, the nozzle is utilized to increase the thrust of rocket engines. Moreover, the nozzle flow is closely related to astrophysics. These phenomena are governed by the compressible Euler equations, which are one of crucial equations in inhomogeneous conservation laws.In this paper, we consider its unsteady flow and devote to proving the global existence and stability of solutions to the Cauchy problem for the general nozzle. The theorem has been proved in Tsuge (2013). However, this result is limited to small data. Our aim in the present paper is to remove this restriction, that is, we consider large data. Although the subject is important in Mathematics, Physics and engineering, it remained open for a long time. The problem seems to rely on a bounded estimate of approximate solutions, because we have only method to investigate the behavior with respect to the time variable. To solve this, we first introduce a generalized invariant region. Compared with the existing ones, its upper and lower bounds are extended constants to functions of the space variable. However, we cannot apply the new invariant region to the traditional difference method. Therefore, we invent the modified Godunov scheme. The approximate solutions consist of some functions corresponding to the upper and lower bounds of the invariant regions. These methods enable us to investigate the behavior of approximate solutions with respect to the space variable. The ideas are also applicable to other nonlinear problems involving similar difficulties.     

Large eddy simulations in low-pressure turbines: Effect of wakes at elevated free-stream turbulence

The transition of a separated shear layer over a flat plate, in the presence of periodic wakes and elevated free-stream turbulence (FST), is numerically investigated using Large Eddy Simulation (LES). The upper wall of the test section is inviscid and specifically contoured to impose a streamwise pressure distribution over the flat plate to simulate the suction surface of a low-pressure turbine (LPT) blade. Two different distributions representative of a ‘high-lift’ and an ‘ultra high-lift’ turbine blade are examined. Results obtained from the current LES compare favourably with the extensive experimental data previously obtained for these configurations. The LES results are then used to further investigate the flow physics involved in the transition process.In line with experimental experience, the benefit of wakes and FST obtained by suppressing the separation bubble, is more pronounced in ‘ultra high-lift’ design when compared to the ‘high-lift’ design. Stronger ‘Klebanoff streaks’ are formed in the presence of wakes when compared to the streaks due to FST alone. These streaks promoted much early transition. The weak Klebanoff streaks due to FST continued to trigger transition in between the wake passing cycles.The experimental inference regarding the origin of Klebanoff streaks at the leading edge has been confirmed by the current simulations. While the wake convects at local free-stream velocity, its impression in the boundary layer in the form of streaks convects much slowly. The ‘part-span’ Kelvin–Helmholtz structures, which were observed in the experiments when the wake passes over the separation bubble, are also captured. The non-phase averaged space-time plots manifest that reattachment is a localized process across the span unlike the impression of global reattachment portrayed by phase averaging.     

Saturation problems with regularity constraints

For a graph F, we say that another graph G is F-saturated, if G is F-free and adding any edge to G would create a copy of F. We study for a given graph F and integer n whether there exists a regular n-vertex F-saturated graph, and if it does, what is the smallest number of edges of such a graph. We mainly focus on the case when F is a complete graph and prove for example that there exists a $K_3$-saturated regular graph on n vertices for every large enough n.We also study two relaxed versions of the problem: when we only require that no regular F-free supergraph of G should exist or when we drop the F-free condition and only require that any newly added edge should create a new copy of F.