钇对Ti-1100高温钛合金热稳定性和蠕变行为的影响

量了Ｔｉ１１００和Ｔｉ１１００／０１％Ｙ（质量分数）高温钛合金在６００℃／１００ｈ空气中暴露后的拉伸性能及在６００℃／１５０ＭＰａ／１００ｈ条件下的蠕变性能，利用透射电镜观察了合金室温及蠕变后的组织。结果表明，Ｔｉ１１００合金加入０１％的Ｙ后，由于原始β晶粒得到细化，明显改善了其热稳定性；固溶在基体中的硅原子阻碍位错滑移和攀移，使蠕变中的回复过程难于实现；稀土还抑制α２相的长大，所形成的氧化物也阻碍位错的运动。这些均有利于提高Ｔｉ１１００合金的抗蠕变性能。     

金属基上以YSZ为过渡层的YBCO薄膜的微观结构

采用透射电子显微术（ＴＥＭ），研究了用磁控溅射技术在柔性金属基体上制备的、钇稳定的ＺｒＯ２（ＹＳＺ）为过镀层的ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７－ｙ（ＹＢＣＯ）薄膜的横断面结构。所得ＹＢＣＯ膜的超导临界转变温度Ｔｃ为９１Ｋ，临界电流密度Ｊｃ＝２×１０３Ａ／ｃｍ２（７７Ｋ，０Ｔ）。基体为Ｎｉ基合金（ＨａｓｔｅｌｏｙＣ）。ＹＳＺ层为致密、均匀的细晶组织，约１２μｍ厚，具有织构取向，并与基体紧密连接。ＹＢＣＯ层的厚度不均匀，约５００ｎｍ；ＹＢＣＯ／ＹＳＺ界面有时连接较差，在该界面上有杂质出现，杂质有可能引发裂纹。     

Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry — Optimization of the operating conditions in the determination of trace of elements in line-rich emission matrices

Radial viewing 40.68 MHz inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer was used in the determination of Y, Sc and rare earth elements in Eu₂O₃ or Lu₂O₃ as pure rare earth matrices. The Mg II 280.270 nm/Mg I 285.213 nm line intensity ratio was measured to evaluate the robustness of the operating conditions. The operating conditions were affected by varying the incident power and sheathing gas flow rate. The carrier gas flow rate remained a constant value. The relationship between the Mg II 280.270 nm/Mg I 285.213 nm ratio and the excitation temperature was obtained. A dependence of the magnesium ratio in the pure solvent and the corresponding values in the presence of the above matrices was established.     

触头用银合金粉末的氧化性能和氧化后的组织结构

通过热重实验和扫描电子显微等方法，研究了４种触头用银合金粉末的氧化性能及氧化后的组织结构。发现Ａｇ－Ｓｎ－ＲＥ合金粉末氧化以后，在粉末表层形成一层纯银层，其组织结构理想；它的氧化性能最好，适于制备触头材料。Ａｇ－Ｓｎ－ＲＥ合金粉末的优良氧化性能与其氧化后理想的组织结构有关。稀土元素可以降低合金粉末的氧化温度，其它影响作用有待于进一步研究。     

中国不同类型土壤中稀土元素的形态分布特征

采用中子活化分析地中国不同地带土壤中的稀土元素含量分布模型及其赋存形态进行了系统的研究。结果表明，黄棕壤，褐土，淋溶黑钙土及白浆土中稀土元素的分布均为轻稀土富集，Ｅｕ亏损型，砖红壤，红壤为轻稀土富集，Ｃｅ亏损型。     

稀土长链配合物的合成及其性质研究

通过筛选配体、优化合成条件,设计合成了以Tb3 为中心离子,以苯甲酸、水杨酸、对羟基苯甲酸、对甲基苯甲酸、大茴香酸、间氯苯甲酸、对氨基苯甲酸、磺基水杨酸为第一配体,以十一烯酸为第二配体合成8种铽三元荧光配合物。通过红外光谱分析、紫外光谱分析、元素分析、EDTA配位滴定分析以及电导率的测定确定了铽三元荧光配合物的分子结构和组成,采用热分析仪研究了铽三元荧光配合物的热稳定性能,其热稳定性强弱顺序为:Tb(SSA)(UA).3H2O磺基水杨酸>大茴香酸>对氨基苯甲酸>苯甲酸>水杨酸>对羟基苯甲酸>间氯苯甲酸,同时对产生上述现象的原因进行了初步的理论探讨。     

银菊珍珠胶囊中稀土元素的电感耦合等离子体质谱分析

建立了一种电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定银菊珍珠胶囊中稀土元素的方法。利用该方法分析了国家一级灌木枝叶标准物质（GBW 07603）和国际柑橘叶标准物质（NIST1572）中的稀土元素，结果与标准值一致。该方法已被用于分析银菊珍珠肢囊样品中的稀土元素。     

Vibronic intensities in centrosymmetric coordination compounds of the rare earths Part II. A vibronic crystal field-closure-ligand polarisation model and applications to the PrCl6 and UBr6 complex ions in octahedral symmetry

A symmetry adapted formalism to evaluate the vibronic intensities induced by the ungerade vibrational modes in centrosymmetric coordination compounds of the rare earths is put forward and applied to several selected electronic transitions of the PrCl³⁻₆ and UCl²⁻₆ complex ions in octahedral symmetry. This current model is based upon a modified symmetry adapted version of the combined vibronic crystal field-closure-ligand polarisation approach. This model differs from that developed in Part I of this series, in that for the vibronic crystal field contribution to the total transition dipole moment, the closure procedure is employed rather than the utilisation of a truncated basis set for the central metal intermediate electronic states. A criterion is introduced to choose an appropriate set of phases for both the electronic and the vibrational coordinates so that to ensure the right sign for the interference term (which couples together both the vibronic crystal field and the vibronic ligand polarisation contributions to the total transition dipole moment). We have focused our attention on the modulation of the intermolecular force field and a version of a modified general valence force field has been adopted. The reasons for using this formalism rather than the superposition model (SM) are fully discussed in the text. Finally, it is shown that the agreement with experiment is satisfactory for most of the components of the transitions studied, despite the apparent simplicity of our model calculation. General master equations applicable to any f^N electronic configurations are derived to show the utility and flexibility of this current formalism.     

Ternäre Lithium-Selten-Erd-Nitrate mit einsamen Nitrationen: Li3[M(NO3)5](NO3) (M = Gd?Lu,Y). Die Kristallstruktur von Li3Er(NO3)6

Ternary Lithium Rare Earth Nitrates with Lonesome Nitrate Ions: Li₃[M(NO₃)₅](NO₃) (M = Gd? Lu, Y). The Crystal Structure of Li₃Er(NO₃)₆ Single crystals of the ternary nitrate Li₃Er(NO₃)₆ are obtained from a solution of “Er(NO₃)₃” in the melt of LiNO₃. In Li₃Er(NO₃)₆ (monoclinic, P2₁/n, Z = 4; a = 776.0(1); b = 748.86(8); c = 2 396(1) pm; β = 90.76(3)°; R1 = 0.0490; wR2 = 0.0792), Er³⁺ is surrounded by five bidentate nitrate ligands yielding the anionic units [Er(NO₃)₅]^2?. These are arranged in the direction of the 2₁ screw axis. Two lonesome NO₃^? ions are in the middle of such a “helix” and are connected by Li⁺ with the anions [Er(NO₃)₅]^2?. The helices are moved against each other by about half of the lattice constant a and are connected by further Li⁺ ions.     

The synthesis and crystal structures of the first rare-earth alkaline-earth selenite chlorides MNd10(SeO3)12Cl8 (M=Ca and Sr)

Two new alkaline-earth Nd selenite chlorides MNd₁₀(SeO₃)₁₂Cl₈ (M=Ca, Sr) were obtained using crystal growth from alkaline-earth chloride melts in quartz tubes. These new compounds crystallize in the orthorhombic system in space group C cca (#68). The compounds were studied by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction. It was shown that both compounds adopt the same structure type, constructed by complex [M₁₁(SeO₃)₁₂]⁸⁺ slabs separated by chloride anion layers perpendicular to the longest cell parameter. The SeO₃ groups show a pyramidal shape and may be described as SeO₃E tetrahedra. Such SeO₃ groups decorate the Nd-O skeletons forming the [M₁₁(SeO₃)₁₂]⁸⁺ slabs.