Breakage of λ-DNA by inorganic tin and organotin compounds as environmental pollutants

In proportion to the environmental pollution problems caused by organotin compounds, the genotoxicities of tin compounds in the environments have become of interest so as to estimate their safety in recent years. In this work, isolated λ-DNA (double-strand DNA) was incubated with inorganic tin(II) and tin(IV) and five organotin compounds [n-butyltin trichloride, di(n-butyltin) dichloride, methyltin trichloride, dimethyltin dichloride and trimethyltin chloride] in reaction systems both with and without hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) content. The tin compounds tested in this study did not induce DNA breakage in the absence of hydrogen peroxide. Divalent inorganic tin (SnCl₂) and tetravalent inorganic tin (SnCl₄) caused DNA breakage in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (10 mM), and the DNA damage activity of inorganic tin was much more potent in divalent inorganic tin (SnCl₂) than in tetravalent inorganic tin (SnCl₄). Divalent inorganic tin (SnCl₂) induced DNA breakage in a concentration-dependent fashion at concentrations greater than 0.1 mM of SnCl₂ in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (10 mM). DNA breakage was not caused by n-butyltin compounds and methyltin compounds either in the presence or in the absence of hydrogen peroxide.     

中国六种管巢蛛记述（蜘蛛目：管巢蛛科）

本文记述我国管巢蛛6种,即白马管巢蛛Clubiona baimaensis sp. nov.、朝鲜管巢蛛C. corena Paik 金氏管巢蛛C. kimyongkii Paik、琴形管巢蛛C. lyriformis sp. nov.、臼齿管巢蛛C. moralis sp. nov.和江原管巢蛛C. wolchongsensis Paik。其中3种为新种,3种为我国新纪录。文中并提出,乌苏里管巢蛛C. ussurica Michailov(♀)可能与金氏管巢蛛(♂)为同种,因而乌苏里管巢蛛的拉丁字名应为后一种的同物异名。     

Multinuclear magnetic resonance studies on intramolecular chalcogen-tin coordination in compounds of the type Me2Sn(X)CH2CH2P(E)Ph2 (X = Halogen, E = Chalcogen)

Multinuclear magnetic resonance data for the title compounds are presented and discussed. The intramolecular coordination observed in the solid state is shown to be retained in solution. The best probes for the presence or absence of pentacoordination at tin are provided by the various tin-element coupling constants, although chemical shifts are in some cases also informative. A selenium-proton correlated spectrum indicated that the coupling constant ¹J(Sn,Se) has a positive sign.     

掺杂SrTiO3体系上甲烷氧化偶联反应的研究—活性氧物种的作用

本文采用循环氧化还原法,脉冲反应及TPD等实验手段对钙钛矿型氧化物掺杂SrTiO_3体系上甲烷氧化偶联反应中的活性氧物种的作用进行了研究.结果表明,催化剂由于掺杂产生的未被充分还原的氧物种(O~(α-)(0<α<2)是活化甲烷并促使其发生偶联反应的主要的活性中心,而表面晶格氧(O_L~(2-))则主要使甲烷深度氧化;消耗掉的未被充分还原的氧或晶格氧可以在高温下氧气氛中氧化复原.对于掺杂的SrTiO_3样品,体相中的氧在惰性气氛或还原气氛中可以向表面扩散.吸附氧可能不直接与甲烷作用而主要通过催化剂表面活性氧物种(O~(α-)或O_L~(2-))而起作用.     

三七水溶性化学成分及其药理研究新进展

综述了近年来三七水溶性化学成分及其药理作用特别是对神经生理活性研究的进展，对三七与人参展其它植物植物进行了比较，阐明了三七所含多肽哆肽成分研究的意义及可行性。     

担载型铂催化剂上甲烷活化的TPSR研究

用程序升温表面反应手段，系统地考察了甲烷在Ｐｔ催化剂上的吸附活化特征及甲烷分解后产生的表面碳物种。结果表明，ＣＨ４确能在ＳｉＯ２担载型Ｐｔ催化剂表面发生解离吸附，生成复杂的碳物种。这些碳物种间可发生相互转化。     

Lewis acid promoted reactions of γ,γ-dialkoxyallylic zirconium species with various carbonyl compounds

The reactions of γ,γ-dialkoxyallylic zirconium species with carbonyl compounds in the presence of Lewis acid are reported. The reactivity of γ,γ-dialkoxyallylic zirconium species and reaction pathway were strongly dependent on the structure and electrostatic nature of the carbonyl compounds.     

La2Zr2O7催化剂结构相变对甲烷氧化偶联反应性能的影响

采用共沉淀法并通过改变焙烧温度制备了一系列具有不同晶相结构的La₂Zr₂O₇催化剂，在微型固定床反应器上评价其甲烷氧化偶联反应性能，并利用XRD、Raman、CO₂-TPD、XPS等表征手段，探究催化剂的物相结构、表面碱性以及表面氧物种的变化规律。结果表明，随着焙烧温度从700℃逐渐升高到1200℃，La₂Zr₂O₇催化剂结晶度不断提高，晶相发生明显变化，从无定形结构逐渐向缺陷萤石结构过渡，最终转变成烧绿石结构。焙烧温度提高促使La₂Zr₂O₇晶相转变过程中，催化剂表面的碱性强度减弱，中等碱性位数量以及具有催化活性的表面氧物种O₂^2-和O₂^-的相对含量不断减少，致使催化剂的CH₄转化率和C₂₊选择性不断降低。其中，无定形LZO-CP-700催化剂表现出最佳的甲烷氧化偶联反应性能。     

钙钛矿型La_((1 x)/2)Sr_((1-x)/2)Co_(1-x)Cu_xO_3催化CO氧化活性与表征

研究了钙钛矿型LaSrCoCu_xO_3催化剂对CO氧化反应的催化活性及其表面氧的催化作用．结果表明，x＝0．4的催化剂对CO氧化具有最高催化活性，常压及本实验条件下CO完全氧化的最低温度为168℃；催化剂均为氧缺陷化合物，吸附于表面晶格氧缺陷上的吸附氧是CO氧化反应的活性氧物种；并发现催化剂中存在有非常价态的C04 ，认为CO氧化反应是通过吸附氧调变Co3 和Co4 价态而进行．