In situ green synthesis of Cu‐Ni bimetallic nanoparticles supported on reduced graphene oxide as an effective and recyclable catalyst for the synthesis of N‐benzyl‐N‐aryl‐5‐amino‐1H‐tetrazoles

In the present work, for the first time we have designed a novel approach for the synthesis of N‐benzyl‐N‐aryl‐5‐amino‐1H‐tetrazoles using reduced graphene oxide (rGO) decorated with Cu‐Ni bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs). In situ synthesis of Cu/Ni/rGO nanocomposite was performed by a cost efficient, surfactant‐free and environmentally benign method using Crataegus azarolus var. aronia L. leaf extract as a stabilizing and reducing agent. Phytochemicals present in the extract can be used to reduce Cu²⁺ and Ni²⁺ ions and GO to Cu NPs, Ni NPs and rGO, respectively. Analyses by means of FT‐IR, UV–Vis, EDS, TEM, FESEM, XRD and elemental mapping confirmed the Cu/Ni/rGO formation and also FT‐IR, NMR, and mass spectroscopy as well as elemental analysis were used to characterize the tetrazoles. The Cu/Ni/rGO nanocomposite showed the superior catalytic activity for the synthesis of N‐benzyl‐N‐aryl‐5‐amino‐1H‐tetrazoles within a short reaction time and high yields. Furthermore, this protocol eliminates the need to handle HN₃.     

Syntheses,structures, and properties of Ni(II) complexes with 5,5′-bis(4-halogenphenyl)diazo-dipyrromethane

Ni(II) complexes with 5,5′-bis(4-halogenphenyl)diazo-dipyrromethane have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography. All the complexes have similar crystal structures in which Ni(II) is square-planar by coordinating to two pyrrole and two azo nitrogen atoms. The azo-pyrroles of the ligands can be converted to the hydrazone tautomer after complexing nickel. Moreover, the C–H?···?Ni interaction played an important role in directing self-assembly of the complexes. The UV-Vis spectra of the complexes showed great difference with the metal complexes of pyrrol-2-imine.     

GRAFT COPOLYMERIZATION OF METHYL ACRYLATE ONTO CHITOSAN INITIATED BY POTASSIUM DIPERIODATONICKELATE (IV)

ABSTRACT

A novel redox system, potassium diperiodatonickelate [Ni (IV)]‐chitosan, was employed to initiate the graft copolymerization of methyl acrylate (MA) onto chitosan in alkali aqueous solution. The effects of reaction variables such as monomer concentration, initiator concentration, reaction time, pH and temperature were determined. By means of a series of copolymerization, the grafting conditions were optimized. The maximum grafting percentage obtained was 404.1% when 0.3 g chitosan was copolymerized with 1.8 mL monomer at 35°C for 5 hours with [Ni (IV)]=9.4×10^?4 M and the total volume was 20 mL. Ni (IV)-chitosan system is found to be an efficient redox initiator for this graft copolymerization. A single electron transfer mechanism is proposed to explain the formation of radicals and the initiation. The grafted copolymers were characterized by IR and X-ray diffraction diagrams. The thermal stability of chitosan and chitosan-g-PMA was studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).     

多孔碳负载镍纳米颗粒的制备及催化氨硼烷水解制氢

合成了蜂窝状的分级多孔碳,并以多孔碳为载体通过浸渍-化学还原法制备碳载镍(Ni/C)作为催化氨硼烷水解制氢的催化剂。采用XRD、BET、SEM、Raman、TEM等手段对样品进行了表征并研究了Ni/C室温催化性能。结果显示,多孔碳比表面积高达737 m²·g^-1,具有部分石墨化结构;负载的非晶态镍纳米颗粒平均粒径约为10 nm,均匀分布在碳基材。碳载镍对氨硼烷水解反应具有良好的催化活性,镍负载量为30wt%时催化性能最佳,298 K温度下放氢速率达到1 304.67 mL·min^-1·g^-1,活化能为29.1 kJ·mol^-1,并且具备一定的催化稳定性,表明Ni/C可作为一种廉价高效的催化剂应用于催化氨硼烷水解制氢。     

Small changes—Huge influences: NMR chemical shifts of Ni(II) complexes with polar substrates

Neutral Ni(II) complexes have been shown to be highly valuable as robust and versatile catalysts in olefin polymerization. But they show reduced reactivity when the polar monomers methyl acrylate and vinyl acetate are incorporated. To get further insight into this behavior, NMR chemical shift calculations were performed on the system [(N,O) Ni (H) (PMe3)] 1 (N,O = ‐N,O‐{2,6‐(3,5‐(F3C)2C6H3)2C6H3) NC(H)‐3,5‐I2‐2‐O‐C6H2}). The chemical shifts show reasonable agreement with experiment but are also extremely influenced by geometrical features of the complex as well as the inserted substrate. The first prominent feature, the low‐field shift of the C_carbonyl in the incorporated monomer, can only be reproduced when it is in close proximity to the Ni and in this way hinders the attack of a new monomer. Second, the almost 100 ppm difference in the chemical shift of the carbon of the two substrates directly bound to Ni can be reasoned by the different directionality of polarization as disclosed by natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Ni Nanoparticles: Mild and Efficient Catalyst for the Chemoselective Synthesis of 2-Arylbenzimidazoles, 2-Arylbenzothiazoles,and Azomethines

A new and efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of biologically significant 2-arylbenzimidazoles, 2-arylbenzothiazoles, and azomethines using recyclable and inexpensive polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)–stabilized Ni nanoparticles in ethylene glycol at room temperature in excellent yields.     

Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Carbon‐Coated Nanoparticles

Abstract

In the present work, microstructure and superparamagnetic properties of two types of carbon‐coated magnetic Ni and Fe nanoparticles [Ni(C) and Fe(C)] are reviewed. High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), electron diffraction (SAED), and x‐ray diffraction (XRD) analyses have been used to reveal the distinct structural morphologies of Ni and Fe nanoparticles. Moreover, novel carbon‐coated Ni nanoparticle assemblies offer us great opportunities for studying the mechanism of superparamagnetism in particle assemblies. Magnetization measurements [M(T) and M(H) curves] for assemblies of Ni nanoparticles indicate that modified superparamagnetic properties at T > T _B, have been found in the assemblies of Ni(C) particles. The blocking temperature, T _B, is determined to be near 115K under a certain applied field. Above T _B, the magnetization M(H, T) can be described by the classical Langevin function L using the relation, M/M _s (T = 0) = coth (μH/kT) ? kT/μH. It is suggested that these assemblies of carbon‐coated Ni nanoparticles have typical single‐domain, field‐dependent superparamagnetic relaxation properties. Finally, Mössbauer spectra and hyperfine magnetic fields at room temperature for the assemblies of Fe(C) nanoparticles confirm their distinct nanophases that were detected by structural analysis. Modified superparamagnetic relaxation is observed in the assemblies of Fe(C) nanoparticles, which is attributed to the nanocrystalline nature of the carbon‐coated nanoparticles.     

Micelle-Catalyzed Interaction Between [Ni(II)-Gly-Gly]+ and Ninhydrin

The effect of cationic micelles of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) on the observed pseudo-first-order rate constant for the interaction of nickel dipeptide complex [Ni(II)-Gly-Gly]⁺ with ninhydrin has been studied spectrophotometrically. At constant temperature and pH, increase in the [CTAB] from 0.0 to 60.0 × 10^?3 mol dm^?3 caused nearly three-fold increase of the rate constant. The micellar catalysis is explained in terms of the pseudophase model. From the observed kinetic data, binding constants of micelle–[Ni(II)-Gly-Gly]⁺ (K _S), and micelle–ninhydrin (K _N) are evaluated, respectively, to be 5.3 mol^?1 dm³ and 84.0 mol^?1 dm³. The role of added inorganic (NaCl, NaBr, Na₂SO₄) and organic salts (NaBenz, NaSal) on the reaction rate has also been examined.     

高镍负载量Ni/SiO2和低镍负载量Ni-Ce/SiO2催化CO甲烷化的比较研究

采用等体积浸渍法制备了高镍负载量的13%Ni/SiO₂(13Ni/Si)催化剂和低镍负载量的7%Ni-2%Ce/SiO₂(7Ni-2Ce/Si)催化剂.通过N₂物理吸附、XRD、FT-IR、TEM、H₂-TPR/TPD等技术对催化剂进行表征,在连续流动微反装置上考察了催化剂的CO甲烷化活性.结果表明,在7Ni-2Ce/Si催化剂中NiO、CeO₂和SiO₂之间产生的相互作用,改变了Ni-O-Si键的化学环境,促进了氧化镍物种的分散和还原,进而提高了催化剂的活性比表面积,同时在催化剂表面形成了新的中等强度的CO吸附中心.与高镍负载量的13Ni/Si催化剂相比,低镍负载量的7Ni-2Ce/Si表现出更高的CO吸附能力和甲烷化活性.常压下,在CO体积分数1%和空速7 000 h^-1的反应条件下,低镍负载量的7Ni-2Ce/Si催化剂上CO完全甲烷化最低温度为230 ℃,比高镍负载量的13Ni/Si低了30 ℃.     

Raney Ni催化二亚糠基丙酮加氢制取长链烷烃前驱体的特性研究

采用Raney Ni为催化剂,考察了反应温度、压力、时间和溶剂对二亚糠基丙酮加氢制取长链烷烃前驱体催化性能的影响。结果表明,Raney Ni对二亚糠基丙酮具有很好的低温加氢性能,升高反应温度和压力均有利于加氢反应的进行,但过高的温度反而不利于加氢反应。在50℃和2.5 MPa下反应2 h,二亚糠基丙酮转化率达99.5%以上,饱和加氢产物的总选择性达到80.8%。此外,加氢中间产物的变化结果表明,二亚糠基丙酮的双键加氢容易程度为,烯键>呋喃环双键>C=O双键。Raney Ni 在甲醇溶剂中的加氢性能明显高于在四氢呋喃、环己烷或水溶剂中的加氢性能。