沙棘颗粒治疗铅高儿童95例

沙棘颗粒是由鲜沙棘果提取有效成分精制而成，含有维生素C，维生素B1，维生素E，氨基酸，多种微量元素等。本文用沙棘颗粒治疗经发铅检查铅高的儿童95例，疗程2－3个月，显效率63．2％，总有效率93．7％，临床疗效比较理想。     

头发锌含量测定的应用价值评价

以114例2－5岁儿童为对象，同时取其末梢血和头发，测定锌含量。以全血锌值为标准，评价头锌测定的应用价值。结果显示，头发锌测定的灵敏度可达86．1％，特异度为52．4％，符合率为73．7％。     

Hair analysis of nicotine and cotinine for evaluating tobacco smoke exposure by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

A simple liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) method for the determination of nicotine and cotinine in human hair was established. In the procedure, a hair sample (10 mg) was washed with dichloromethane and digested in 2.5 M sodium hydroxide. The digest was extracted with dichloromethane and then 25 mM hydrochloric acid in methanol was added to the extract, to prevent loss of analytes. The solution was evaporated and redissolved in the mobile phase, methanol/10 mM ammonium acetate (30/70, v/v). A 20 microL aliquot of redissolved solution was subjected to analysis. Nicotine and cotinine in human hair were quantified by using deuterated analytes as internal standards. The quantification limits were 8 microg/L for nicotine and 0.9 microg/L for cotinine. The proposed method was applied to measure the concentrations of nicotine and cotinine in hair of smokers and non-smokers to evaluate their self-reported smoking and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. In both cases, the method provided good selectivity, accuracy and precision.     

珠海市儿童发锌调查报告

作者调查了珠海市568名0～6岁健康儿童的发锌含量，结果表明，集体儿童的低锌发生率为59．1％，门诊儿童为72．04％，在珠海市儿童中低锌有较高的发生率。     

周岁内幼儿头发中锌钙含量的动态分析

对合肥市16671名1－12个月幼儿的发锌，钙含量进行了测定，并对测定值进行了统计分析。结果表明，锌，钙的含量随着月龄的增加呈直线递减。并给出了发锌，钙含量的趋势线方程，丰富了目前文献给出的发锌，钙的标准值，为及时准确判断周岁内幼儿微量元素锌，钙缺乏程度提出依据。     

聚丙烯酰胺双向凝胶电泳法分析变色人发角蛋白组成

报道了一种用双向聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析经Ｓ－羧甲基化修饰的变色人发角蛋白样品的方法，以含８ｍｏ１／Ｌ脲变性凝胶电泳做第一向，ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ做第二向。不同处理的变色人发得到有差别的双向电泳图谱，即不同处理方法得到的人发蛋白质组成有差异。以此可做为人发变色处理的一个定性方法。     

微分电位溶出法测定人发中铜铅镉锌的研究

本文报道了０．００２５ｍｏｌ·Ｌ￣（－１）ＨＣｌ－０．２ｍｏｌ·Ｌ￣（－１）ＮＨ＿（４）Ｃｌ底液中连续测定人发中铜、铅、镉、锌的微分电位溶出法。四元素峰电位分别为－０．２０Ｖ，－０．４６Ｖ，－０．６７Ｖ，一１．０２Ｖ（ＳＣＥ），峰形好，灵敏度高，干扰少，测定发样相对标准偏差≤４．３％，回收率为９７．６％～１０４．６％。并对ＨＮＯ＿３－ＨＣｌＯ＿４和ＨＮＯ＿（３）Ｈ＿（２）Ｏ＿２消化发样进行了比较。     

石墨探针—原子吸收光谱法测定人发中痕量铟的研究

探针原子化技术是一种实现等温原子化,改善灵敏度的行之有效的方法。本文采用此方法对痕量钿进行了一系列条件试验,峰面积与钿浓度在0～50ng·ml~(-1)范围内呈线性关系,其特征量4.8pg,检出限21.5pg,相对标准偏差5.7％,并成功地测定了成人发中铟的含量,范围在12～159pg·g~(-1),回收率96.4％～103.2％。该方法灵敏度高,操作简单、快速,结果满意。     

Analysis of non-organic elements in plant foliage using polarised X-ray fluorescence spectrometry

An X-ray fluorescence (XRF) method for the rapid and non-destructive analysis of 30 non-organic elements in plant leaves over five orders of magnitude concentration from several percentage of dry weight to sub-milligram per kilogram, is described. There is a growing need for a simple method of monitoring non-organic trace elements in plant material, especially those which accumulate in soils with application of fertilisers, both inorganic and biosolids. Earlier attempts to use XRF for the analysis of plant material suffered from sensitivity loss due to the high background of organic matrices caused by scattering of the X-ray source. We overcome this by using polarised X-ray sources in a Cartesian geometrical arrangement with sample and energy dispersive detector (EDPXRF), a configuration which can achieve an order of magnitude reduction in background compared with unpolarised sources. Further sensitivity gains are made using a high power tube as a source of primary X-rays and for some analytes employing secondary targets for near-monochromatic excitation. Sample preparation is simple involving only pulverising and briquetting of dried samples. Accuracy is evaluated by comparing data obtained for the suite of NIST plant leaf samples (NIST 1515 apple leaves, NIST 1547 peach leaves, NIST 1570a spinach leaves, NIST 1573a tomato leaves and NIST 1575a pine needles) and tobacco leaf standards CTA-OTL-1 and CTA-VTL-2. The data compare well over the whole concentration range and the method provides a rapid analytical tool for monitoring potentially toxic trace elements in all types of foliage with adequate sensitivity for many purposes.