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酸性红黄壤土上大麦遗传改良研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文报道了酸性红黄壤土上大麦遗传改良研究结果:(1)采用酸铝营养液培养幼苗的方法鉴定了我国3871份大麦品种的耐酸铝性,得到一级耐性材料315份,占鉴定总数的8.13劣,(2)相关通径分析表明,酸性红黄壤土上大麦单株籽粒产量损失起主要作用的是有效分菜数下降(P = 0. 7324 )、每穗实粒数减少(P = 0 . 5923 )和千粒重降低(P = 0.5877),由此可见,这是在红黄壤土田间条件下选择耐酸铝性大麦的三个主要选择指标;(3)发现大麦耐酸铝性基因遗传方式除单基因遗传方式外,尚有多基因控制的表现数量性状遗传方式;'(4)从对酸铝性表现敏感的大麦品种“早熟3一号”的花药、幼胚等外植体诱导出的愈伤组织,通过离体细胞突变体筛选,得到了“耐性细胞系”.以上结果表明,通过耐酸铝性遗传改良培育出适应酸性红黄壤土种植的大麦新品种是可行的,亦为开发利用红黄壤土地资源补充了另一条有效途径. 相似文献
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《Journal of Discrete Algorithms》2003,1(2):129
We consider a well-known distributed colouring game played on a simple connected graph: initially, each vertex is coloured black or white; at each round, each vertex simultaneously recolours itself by the colour of the simple (strong) majority of its neighbours. A set of vertices M is said to be a dynamo, if starting the game with only the vertices of M coloured black, the computation eventually reaches an all-black configuration.The importance of this game follows from the fact that it models the spread of faults in point-to-point systems with majority-based voting; in particular, dynamos correspond to those sets of initial failures which will lead the entire system to fail. Investigations on dynamos have been extensive but restricted to establishing tight bounds on the size (i.e., how small a dynamic monopoly might be).In this paper we start to study dynamos systematically with respect to both the size and the time (i.e., how many rounds are needed to reach all-black configuration) in various models and topologies.We derive tight tradeoffs between the size and the time for a number of regular graphs, including rings, complete d-ary trees, tori, wrapped butterflies, cube connected cycles and hypercubes. In addition, we determine optimal size bounds of irreversible dynamos for butterflies and shuffle-exchange using simple majority and for DeBruijn using strong majority rules. Finally, we make some observations concerning irreversible versus reversible monotone models and slow complete computations from minimal dynamos. 相似文献
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通过分层立方网络HCNn (n≥3)的容错性分析,从理论上探讨了分层立方网络基于比较模型的条件诊断度,并证明其条件诊断度为tc(HCNn)=3n?2,大约是传统诊断度(t(HCNn)=n+1)的3倍. 相似文献
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恒定pH系统中不同大麦品种的耐铝性 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文提出以相对生长率衡量耐铝性,基本上排除了系统所造成的误差.以相对生长率P衡量根的耐铝性,在恒定的pH系统(pH4. 75士0. 1)中3ppm铝胁迫下,经大田鉴定的一级耐性品种B和H表现了不同的相对生长率,品种B的相对生长率达28%,而品种H只有1400,中等敏感品种Z为15%,而敏感品种S可达17%.结果说明:品种H的耐铝性可能是通过升高根际pH,降低铝的解离程度而实现的.而品种B的耐铝性机制与品种H不同,其耐铝性与根际pH值调节基本无关. 相似文献
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Voting algorithms are used to arbitrate between the results of redundant modules in fault-tolerant systems. Inexact majority and weighted average voters have been used in many applications, although both have problems associated with them. Inexact majority voters require an application-specific 'voter threshold’ value to be specified, whereas weighted average voters are unable to produce a benign output when no agreement exists between the voter inputs. Neither voter type is able to cope with uncertainties associated with the voter inputs. This paper introduces a novel voting scheme based on fuzzy set theory. It softens the harsh behaviour of the inexact majority voter in the neighbourhood of the ‘voter threshold’, and handles uncertainty and some multiple error cases in the region defined by the fuzzy input variables. The voter assigns a fuzzy difference value to each pair of voter inputs based on their numerical distance. A set of fuzzy rules then determines a single fuzzy agreeability value for each individual input which describes how well it matches the other inputs. The agreeability of each voter input is then defuzzified to give a weighting value for that input which determines its contribution to the voter output. The weight values are then used in the weighted average algorithm for calculating the voter final output. The voter is experimentally evaluated from the point of view safety and availability, and compared with the inexact majority voter in a Triple Modular Redundant structured framework. The impact of changing some fuzzy variables on the performance of the voter is also investigated. We show that the fuzzy voter gives more correct outputs (higher availability) than the inexact majority voter with small and large errors, less incorrect outputs (higher safety) than the inexact majority voter in the presence of small errors, and less benign outputs than the inexact majority voter. The percentage of the benign outputs of the majority voter that are successfully handled by the fuzzy voter (resulting in correct outputs) is more than the percentage of those that are unsuccessfully resolved by the fuzzy voter (resulting in incorrect outputs). Our results suggest that the fuzzy voter is a viable alternative to a traditional inexact voter in cases where the benefits of a large increase in availability, and a considerable decrease in the number of benign outputs outweighs the cost of a small degradation in the safety performance of the system. The fuzzy voter is also a useful voting algorithm when arbitrating between the responses of dynamic channels of control systems incorporating uncertainties. This is the first reported use of a complete fuzzy voter in the context of fault tolerance. 相似文献
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Birk Eisermann 《Discrete Applied Mathematics》2011,159(17):2165-2169
Golumbic, Monma, and Trotter showed that every tolerance graph for which no vertex neighborhood is contained in another vertex neighborhood is a bounded tolerance graph. We strengthen this result by weakening the neighborhood condition. In this way, more tolerance graphs can be recognized as bounded. Our argument relies on a variation of the concept of “assertive vertices”. 相似文献