基于光谱成像技术对中药黄柏煎煮实验的研究

煎煮中药的目的在于使药材中的活性成分充分析出,从而最大发挥中药治疗疾病的功效。为了检测药材在煎煮过程中活性成分的溶出度变化情况,运用光谱成像技术,以中药材黄柏为例,检测了其在煎煮过程中不同时刻的荧光强度,分析结果从侧面反映了黄柏活性成分的溶出度规律。     

不同生长期的浙产檵木叶中槲皮素和山奈酚的含量动态

对浙产檵木叶的最佳采收期进行研究,以期更好地指导生产实践。采用高效液相色谱法测定不同生长期的浙产檵木叶中槲皮素和山奈酚的含量变化。不同生长期檵木叶中槲皮素的含量以6至7月为高,8月份则迅速降低;山奈酚的含量以7月至8月为高,从9月份开始逐渐下降。7月是浙产檵木叶的最佳采收期。     

中药黄连有效成分盐酸小檗碱与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

从天然中药材黄连中提取分离并精制得到盐酸小檗碱(BC),采用UV光谱和荧光光谱(FS)研究其与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用,解释了BC导致BSA的荧光发射光谱峰裂分的现象,其二重峰分别归属于色氨酸及酪氨酸残基.结果表明,静态猝灭和非辐射能量转移是导致BC对BSA荧光猝灭的两大原因,BC与BSA的表观结合常数K_A为8.66×10⁴L/mol(30℃)和8.72×10⁴L/mol(37℃),BC在BSA分子上的结合位点数为(3.1±0.2).BC与BSA分子中荧光性氨基酸残基之间的距离为3.75nm(30℃)和3.62nm(37℃),表明BC的部分片段能够插入BSA分子内部.热力学函数计算结果表明,该作用过程是一个熵增加、Gibbs自由能降低的自发超分子作用过程,并由此推断BC与BSA之间以疏水相互作用为主.     

夏腊梅总黄酮、总绿原酸含量及其环境因子相关性分析

对不同生境夏蜡梅营养器官的总黄酮和总绿原酸含量进行测定,并分析了与环境因子之间的相关性．结果表明：（1）夏蜡梅不同营养器官的总黄酮含量叶片最高,其它器官的含量很低;总绿原酸含量叶、根中的含量较高,其它器官也有一定的含量．3个不同海拔高度夏蜡梅叶片的总黄酮与总绿原酸含量呈极显著的正相关．（2）夏蜡梅7个居群叶片总黄酮含量在3．4979％～5．1779％,其中大雷山2个居群的含量高于临安居群,差异极显著;7个居群叶片总绿原酸含量变化范围为2．6991％～4．5873％,大雷山2个居群的含量也高于临安居群．不同居群叶片的总黄酮和总绿原酸含量具有显著性正相关．（3）通径分析显示,影响夏蜡梅叶片总黄酮和总绿原酸含量的主要因子为氮、有机质和C／N．（4）聚类分析结果为大雷山是夏蜡梅叶片高总黄酮和总绿原酸含量的适生区域．     

A Pair of New Geometrically Isomeric Triterpenoid Saponins from the Seeds of Aesculus chinensis

AesculuschinensisBge.(Hippocastanaceae)isoneofthesourcesoftraditionalChinesemedicine"suoluon",whichisspecifiedinChinesePharmacopoeia(version95)'.Thebioactivesaponinmixturesextractedfromitsseedsareknownasescins,widelyemployedinthetreatmentofperipheralvasculardiseasesandinthecosmeticfieldinChina.Inpreviouspapers,wehavereportedtheisolationandidentificationoftentriterpenoidoligoglycosides,namely,escinsla,fo,IVa,IVb,IVc,IVd,IVe,IVf,IVgandIVhfromescins"3'.Incontinuationofourwork,anotherpai…     

Insight into Seasonal Change of Phytochemicals,Antioxidant, and Anti-Aging Activities of Root Bark of Paeonia suffruticosa (Cortex Moutan) Combined with Multivariate Statistical Analysis

Chemical compositions, antioxidants, and anti-aging activities of Cortex Moutan (CM), from different collection periods and different producing areas, were measured and compared in order to obtain excellent CM extracts. The bioactivities of CM extracts were examined by an in vitro antioxidant method and a UVB irradiated human dermal fibroblast (HDF) model. Phytochemical properties were obtained from ultra-fast liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UFLC-Q-TOF-MS) prior to the multivariate statistical analysis. As for the results, the extracts of Heze CM (HZCM) and Luoyang CM (LYCM) collected in June had better in vitro antioxidant activities, significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and reduced the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), compared to other CM extracts. HZCM and LYCM extracts could upregulate the relative expression of SOD and GSH-Px mRNA. The extract of HZCM collected in June could significantly repress the production of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) and improve the production of procollagen type I (PCOL)-I in UVB irradiated HDF. In total, 50 compounds, including 17 monoterpenoids, 19 flavonoids, 13 phenols, and 1 amino acid were identified or tentatively identified in the CM extracts. Gallic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, oxypaeoniflorin, paeoniflorin, 1,2,3,4,6-O-pentagalloyl glucose, and paeonol were predominant compounds in the CM extracts. Taken together, CM collected from April to September had better antioxidant and anti-aging effects for external usage.     

Hepatoprotective Constituents of Total Dibenzocyclooctadiene Lignans from Schisandra chinensis Based on the Spectrum-Effect Relationship

To scientifically clarify the hepatoprotective constituents of Fructus Schizandrae chinensis, eleven batches samples of total dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans (TDL) from Schisandra chinensis were prepared by using the optimum extraction technique. Characteristic high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) chromatograms were obtained through HPLC analysis technology, and the hepatoprotective effects of the eleven batches of TDL were evaluated by MTT assay. Based on the chemical and biological activity results, the spectrum-effect relationship between the characteristic HPLC fingerprints and the hepatoprotective effect of TDL was established using Minitab 16.0 data analysis software. On the basis of the spectrum-effect relationship, thirteen compounds (1–13) were obtained from the TDL by chemical natural product chemical separation and purification technology, and their structures were identified on the basis of the spectral data and the literature. Based on these compounds, thirteen common peaks among the thirty-three chromatographic peaks in the above HPLC fingerprints were identified. Our findings showed that some components, including, schisandrin B (2), schisandrin A (3), and schisandrol B (7) had significant roles in promoting hepatoprotective activity. Preliminary verification of the spectrum-effect relationship of TDL from S. chinensis was carried out, and the results confirmed that the activity of a composite of these three key components in optimal ratios was better than that of any individual compound, which potentially confirmed the reliability of the spectrum-effect relationship and the synergistic effects of traditional Chinese medicine.     

Study on Purification and Characterization of Polyphenol Oxidase from Acetes chinensis

Acetes chinensis (belonging to the Decapoda Sergestidae genus) is widely distributed in East Asian waters and is extremely widespread and present in the shallow coastal areas of China. Polyphenol oxidase (PPO), which was extracted from Acetes chinensis, was purified in a four-step procedure involving phosphate-buffered saline treatment, ammonium sulphate precipitation, DEAE-Cellulose chromatography, and Phenyl-Sepharose HP chromatography, and then, its biochemical characterization was measured. The specific activity of the purified enzyme was increased to 643.4 U/mg, which is a 30.35 times increase in purification, and the recovery rate was 17.9%. L-dopa was used as the substrate, the enzymatic reactions catalyzed by PPO conformed to the Michaelis equation, the maximum reaction velocity was 769.23 U/mL, and the Michaelis constant K_m was 0.846 mmol/L. The optimal pH of PPO from Acetes chinensis was 7.5, and the optimal temperature was 35 °C. The metal ions experiment showed that Mn²⁺ and K⁺ could enhance the activity of PPO; that Ba²⁺ and Ca²⁺ could inhibit the activity of PPO; and that Cu²⁺ had a double effect on PPO, increasing the PPO activity at low concentrations and inhibiting the PPO activity at high concentrations. The inhibitor experiment showed that the inhibitory effects of EDTA and kojic acid were weak and that ascorbic acid and sodium pyrophosphate had good inhibitory effects. The purification and characterization of Acetes chinensis serve as guidelines for the prediction of enzyme behavior, leading to effective prevention of enzymatic browning during processing.     

华根霉全细胞脂肪酶催化合成油酸油醇酯

 比较了10种不同来源的脂肪酶催化油酸与油醇酯化合成油酸油醇酯的能力,其中华根霉Rhizopus chinensis CCTCC M201021全细胞脂肪酶的催化能力最强,其反应转化率可达到90%以上. 酯化反应的最佳油酸/油醇底物摩尔比为1.5, 最佳油酸浓度为0.3 mol/L, 细胞干粉含水量为3.0%～7.5%时对酯化反应最为有利. 以生物相容性指数logP值为指标选择不同的有机溶剂作为有机相进行酯化反应,发现logP值为3.5～4.5的有机溶剂促进酯化效果较好. 全细胞脂肪酶的pH适应范围很广,最佳pH在9.0左右; 最佳反应温度为30 ℃.     

牡丹皮中有效成分丹皮酚的毛细管电泳快速检测新方法

采用毛细管电泳高频电导法对丹皮酚进行了快速分离检测。对电泳介质的种类及浓度、操作电压和进样时间等影响因素进行了优化。最佳条件为：分离介质1．0mmol／LH3BO3-3．0mmol／L三乙胺-10％CH,OH（pH=8．0）,分离电压20．0kV,25．0cm位差虹吸进样8．0s。在该条件下。可在4min内实现对丹皮酚的分离检测。线性范围为2．0～105μg／mL,检出限为0．3μg／mL。成功测定了中药牡丹皮中的丹皮酚,回收率达94％～99％。方法简便、快速、灵敏,可用于药物分析。