利用Flash DSC探究湿法隔膜快速降温过程结晶行为

研究了湿法隔膜超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)与白油混合体系在挤出流延过程中快速、非等温结晶行为。通过Flash DSC和常规DSC技术表征了不同固含量体系在不同冷却速率条件下微观晶体结构特性。结果表明：当冷却速率低于10⁴ K/min时,起始结晶温度随冷却速率增大而缓慢降低,得到的晶体片晶熔融温度和厚度随冷却速率增大而减小;当冷却速率高于10⁴ K/min时,起始结晶温度随冷却速率增大而迅速降低,而片晶厚度则变化不大;高的流延辊温得到的铸片晶体熔融温度高,片晶厚度大,且UHMWPE固含量越高,高、低温流延辊得到的铸片晶体熔融温度与片晶厚度差别越大。     

新课程中如何开展化学研究性学习——“氯碱工业”教学有感

化学研究性学习,从广义来说,它是指学生在教师指导下自主发现问题,探究问题而获得结论。它贯穿于化学学习活动的全过程。从狭义来说,是指学生在教师指导下,从自然、社会和自身生活中选择和确定研究专题,主动地应用有关化学知识及相关学科知识解决问题,培养能力的学习活动。开展研究性学习的目的,一是让学生在亲身体验中培养发现问题、提出问题和综合运用知识解决问题的能力;二是让学生在自主探究中体验科学探究的方法,培养创新能力和探索精神。     

陶瓷隔膜厚度对磷酸铁锂电池安全性的影响

为识别隔膜轻薄化潜在的安全风险,采用方形铝壳磷酸铁锂动力电池系统地对比了（9+3）μm陶瓷隔膜（9CCS）与（7+3）μm陶瓷隔膜（7CCS）电池过放电、过充电、外部短路、加热、挤压和针刺安全性能。结果表明,隔膜变薄增加了电池的安全风险,相比9CCS隔膜,7CCS隔膜力学强度及抗热收缩性降低,安全测试表现为最高温升、电池阻抗及厚度明显增加,造成过充电热失控荷电态（SOC）提前7.2%,加热引发热失控的温度降低10℃,362 kN挤压发生热失控,针刺引起安全阀提前6 s开启,浓烟释放持续时间更长。本研究为开发更高能量密度动力电池的隔膜选择及体系、结构等优化改善提供了数据支撑。     

Sulfonated Polyetherimide and Its Membranes

Polyetherimide(PEI) was sulfonated by chlorosulfonic acid for the first time. The sulfonated products were characterized by FT-IR, DSC, ion exchange capacity and water sorption measurement. The hydrophilicity of PEI was improved by the sulfonation. The PEI was blended with the sodium salt from of sulfonated PEI(SPEI) to prepare microporous membranes. The morphologies of the membranes were studied with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).     

Iodine Determination by Microwave Plasma Torch Atomic Emission Spectrometer Coupled with Online Preconcentration Vapor Generation Technique

This article focuses on iodine determination by microwave plasma torch atomic emission spectrometry （MPT-AES） coupled with online preconcentration vapor generation method. A new desolvation device, multistrand Nafion dryer, was used as the substitute for condenser desolvation system. Some experimental conditions, such as preconcentration time, acidity of sample solution, rinsing solution acidity and dynamic linear range were investigated and optimized. The new desolvation system eliminates the problem of decreasing emission intensity of I（I） 206.238 nm line with the increase of working time on a conventional condenser desolvation system, thus greatly improving the reproducibility.     

Preparation and characterization of in-plane polarized PZT piezoelectric diaphragms

The preparation and characterization of in-plane polarized lead zirconate titanate （PZT） piezoelectric diaphragms for sensors and actuators applications are demonstrated in this letter. The single phase PZT films can be obtained on SiO2-passivated silicon substrates via sol-gel technique, in which PbTiO3 （PT） films are used as seed layers. Al reflective layer is deposited and patterned into concentric interdigitated top electrode by lithographic process, subsequently. The diaphragms are released using orientation-dependent wet etching （ODE） method. The size of the diaphragms is 5 mm in diameter and the outer interdigitated （IDT） electrode diameter （4.25 mm） is fixed at 85~ of the diaphragm diameter. The three-dimensional （3D） profiles results indicate that the measured maximum central deflection at 15 V is approximately 9 μm. Sensing measurements show that the capacitance continually decreases with an increase of applied force, while the case of induced charge exhibits a reverse tendency.     

Preparation of Composite Charge-mosaic Hollow Fiber Membrane by Interfacial Polymerization

The preparation of composite charge-mosaic membrane included spinning of hollow fiber as the supporting membrane, preparing a selective layer on the inside surface of the fiber by interracial polymerization. The charge-mosaic membranes show a high salt permeability while retaining sucrose. The charge-mosaic membrane can be effectively used to separate multivalent salts with organic matter of molecular weight great than 300g/mol in industry.     

用于高性能锂-硫电池的氮化硼纳米片/碳纤维改性隔膜

通过静电纺丝、热亚胺化和碳化过程,将氮化硼纳米片(BNNSs)负载在碳纤维(CFs)表面,组成用于修饰商业聚丙烯(PP)隔膜的氮化硼纳米片/碳复合纤维(BNNSs/CFs)复合材料。BNNSs和CFs的协同作用为电池提供了额外的导电路径,并将可溶性多硫化锂固定在正极区域。结果表明,采用10BNNSs/CFs-PP隔膜的电池在0.05C下的初始放电容量高达1 295.7 mAh·g^-1,当电流密度增加到1C时,以10BNNSs/CFs-PP为隔膜的电池也具有良好的长期循环稳定性,在400次循环后最终容量高达568.1mAh·g^-1,每次循环容量衰减0.073%。     

氧缺位结构介孔二氧化钛/聚乙烯复合隔膜在锂硫电池中的应用

采用两步溶液法合成了一种具有高度氧缺位的黑色介孔二氧化钛, 并将其涂覆在隔膜表面作为锂硫电池复合隔膜, 研究了其在锂硫电池中的电化学性能. 结果表明, 氧缺位的黑色介孔二氧化钛材料不仅展现出良好的导电性, 还能加强对多硫化物的物理和化学吸附能力, 从而显著提高锂硫电池的放电比容量(0.1C倍率下首次放电比容量为1257 mA·h/g)和循环性能(循环100次后放电比容量为821 mA·h/g).     

Convergence of the Solution to General Viscoelastic Koiter Shell Equations

By applying the inequality of Korn＇s type without boundary conditions on a general surface, we prove that the scaled displacement of the two-dimensional linearly viscoelastic Koiter＇s shell converges to the solution of two-dimensional model system of linearly viscoelastic ＂membrane＂ shell.