智能型多功能激光防护镜与自动探测告警复合装置

设计研制智能型多功能激光防护镜与自动探测告警一体化复合装置,主要用于各类激光辐射人眼损伤的防护和预警。对防护镜和探测告警系统及智能化复合防护技术进行研究和性能测试,利用防护镜与告警装置的信号互联和联动作用,使防护镜双镜复合,并发出告警信号。结果表明,当激光防护告警复合装置探测到激光入侵时均能以不同方式发出各种告警信号和复合防护响应,包括不同颜色灯光闪烁、音响和振动告警,驱使两个防护镜单元镜组复合,对532 nm、1 064 nm、470 nm、808 nm和700～2 000 nm特定波长激光和超连续谱激光进行有效防护,可通过无线信号互联实现集群联动告警和防护。该激光防护镜与探测告警复合装置具有智能化、模块化、多功能集成的特点,各项性能符合设计要求。     

稀土-天然皮革可穿戴X射线防护材料的合成及性能

X-rays are widely used in many fields, including medical imaging, chemical structure analysis, and nondestructive examinations. However, long-term X-ray exposure is harmful to human health. Hence, radiation protection materials, especially wearable materials with outstanding performances, are in need of development. Lead (Pb) plates are commonly used as traditional radiation protection materials but have the disadvantages of heavy mass, toxicity, and poor wearability. Cement and alloy also are used to shield the X-ray, whereas application is limited by its heavy mass. In recent years, the wearable polymer based radiation protection was developed but has the defect which is low interfacial compatibility, resulting in poor shielding properties of the material. The K or L absorption edge of an element plays a major role in the attenuation of X-ray photon energy, and has a significant attenuation effect on X-ray photons with similar energy. As an alternative, it has been reported that the K absorption edge of rare earth (RE) elements is located in the range of 40–80 keV, which corresponds to the energy range of X-rays and medical X-ray energy range. Additionally, natural leather (NL) is an abundant natural biomass that is composed of multi-layered collagen fibers and contains amino (―NH₂), carboxyl (―COOH), and hydroxyl (―OH) groups. We believe that RE nanoparticles can be uniformly immobilized and stabilized by NL. In this study, we developed a novel strategy to prepare X-ray radiation protective materials by combining RE nanoparticles with NL. NL-based protective materials have the advantages of being lightweight and wearable while providing excellent protection. NL-based RE oxide nanoparticle composites (RE-NL) were successfully prepared by a "retanning" method and verified by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). X-ray protection tests showed that La-NL had the best shielding performance compared to the other tested RE oxide-loaded NLs owing to the small difference between the K-edge energy of La and the incident energy. Moreover, La_7.80-NL (La₂O₃ content of 7.80 mmol·cm^-3, 0.7 mm) showed better protection performance than a Pb plate with a high-Z elemental content (54.7 mmol·cm^-3, 0.25 mm) at 40–80 keV, confirming that the uniform distribution of RE oxides in NL provides enhanced X-ray shielding performance. The RE-NL also displayed a much better tensile strength, tear strength, and softness compared with polymer-based RE oxide composites. Meanwhile, it has the foldability and character of tailor. Therefore, the reported NL-based RE protective materials show promising potential for various scenarios requiring radiation protection.     

突发公共卫生事件情境下基于群体恐慌情绪的应急防护物资管理演化分析

针对突发公共卫生事件下民众对应急防护物资疯狂抢购的问题,以及衍生的供求失衡、价格暴涨、质量良莠不齐等问题,基于演化博弈理论构建政府、企业和民众三方参与的博弈模型。考虑到恐慌情绪对抢购行为的影响,首先刻画了民众在恐慌情绪下的防护物资购买价值;然后结合模型特征,运用非线性系统理论探讨了不同参与主体间的演化机制,得出不同情境下的博弈均衡点和稳定性;最后通过仿真模拟进一步分析不同恐慌强度对参与主体行为演化的影响。研究结果对识别突发公共卫生事件下应急防护物资管理的演化机理具有一定理论价值。     

混凝土复合材料的静态试验研究

随着钻地武器的发展，现有防护工程材料受到严峻挑战，其发展的状况是我国打赢现代高技术战争的十分重要的决定因素，设计出一种新型防护工程材料——钢丝网混凝土，并与几种防护工程的常用复合树料进行静态抗弯、抗压、抗劈拉强度对比。试验证明，钢丝网混凝土的静态力学性能最优，是一种具有良好应用前景的防护复合材料。     

边底水油藏提高采收率技术效果数值模拟研究——以吐哈红南油田为例

红南油田属于边底水油藏,于1996年投入开发,以衰竭式开发为主.经历长期稳产及加密调整开发后,2008年开始边底水锥进速度加快,含油面积快速收缩,油田产量大幅递减,亟待采取应对技术措施.拟以油藏工程理论为指导,以数值模拟方法为技术手段,以正交试验原理安排实验方案,对比了衰竭式、注入井作业(包括空白水驱开发及注入井凝胶调驱后聚驱开发)及注入井-油井联合作业(即注入井-油井共同凝胶调驱后聚驱开发)等不同开发方式对目标井组开发效果的影响.结果表明,对于含水率较高的边底水油藏,衰竭式开发效果好于水驱的开发效果;聚合物凝胶可以很好地控制边底水锥进,增强驱油效果;与水井单独控制边底水锥进措施效果相比较,水井-油井联合作业可以取得更好的技术经济效果.     

状态迁移下系统适应性改造成本研究

为了解系统为适应在不同环境中安全运行采取改造措施的成本,借鉴王培庄先生的因素空间理论与笔者提出的空间事故树理论,构造了一套确定系统适应工作环境迁移所需措施成本的方法.首先按照元件或子系统X_i的划分将系统T使用事故树结构化,确定由状态c_(j1)迁移到c_(j2),使X_i适应该迁移所采取的措施f_(ni),得到适应状态迁移的措施表Γ(X_i),从而得到系统T的由状态c_(j1)迁移到c_(j2)的适应措施集合δ(T,c_1→c_2),化简得γ(T,c_(j1)→c_(j2)).根据不同X_i与措施f_n组成成本对应表,最终得到了X_i的迁移改造措施成本Ψ(X_i,c_(j1)→c_(j2))和系统措施成本Ψ(T,c_(j1)→c_(j2)).研究可为系统在不同的环境下的安全运行改造措施的成本提供事先确定方法.     

应用防护线抑制非平行微带线间串扰的研究

针对非平行微带线间的串扰问题,研究了防护线对抑制非平行微带线间串扰的效果,提出了根据非平行微带线间边缘场的主要耦合区域应用防护线的方法;理论分析与仿真结果表明,与铺设同干扰线等长的防护线相比,采用在非平行微带线间边缘场的主要耦合区域使用防护线的方法可以在起到同等抑制串扰效果的情况下,节约一部分防护线及其相应的接地过孔;该方法提高了应用防护线的效率,有助于预留出更多的可用布线空间,同时也有利于降低印制电路板生产成本。     

中国质检系统助企业应对国外技术性贸易措施

从在南京市召开的中国质检系统人才暨教育培训工作会议上获悉，“十一五”期间，中国质检系统初步建成一支支撑质检事业科学发展的高素质人才队伍，为推动质检事业科学发展提供人才保证和智力支持。     

建筑物电气装置内电涌防护器的应用

电子信息设备在我国的应用日益广泛，此类设备因瞬态过电压损坏的事故随之经常发生．为防范电涌导致事故，应在设备的电源线路和信号线路上装设电涌防护器．本文按ＩＥＣ３６４标准要求阐述了在设备电源线路上装用电涌防护器的基本安全要求．