A modal analysis for the acoustic radiation problems, Ⅱ. Examples

The acoustic radiation modes and the field distribution modes describe the radiation patterns of a complex vibrating surface and the field distribution patterns respectively. The physical meanings of the acoustic radiation modes and the field distribution modes are revealed by numerical method. For a sphere body, a spinning body and a rectangular body, the geometrical patterns of the acoustic radiation modes and the field distribution modes are given. The radiation mode 1 represents the radiation behavior of a monopole radiator, the radiation modes 2 through 4 represent the radiation behavior of dipole radiators respectively, and the radiation modes 5 through 9 represent the radiation behavior of quadrapole radiators respectively. The acoustic radiation modes and the field distribution modes introduce the multi-pole decomposition method into discussion of the acoustic radiation problems.     

浅淡多普勒效应

列车进站时，我们听到汽笛声不仅越来越大，而且音调变高；列车离去时，汽笛声不仅越来越小，而且音调变低．反之，若声源未动而观察者运动，或者声源和观察者同时在相对运动，也会发生观测频率与波源频率不一致的现象．由于波源或观察者的运动而出现观测频率与波     

抽指加权宽带扇形叉指声表面波滤波器的等效电路分析

扇形换能器可以看成若干个沿孔径方向划分的均匀孔径换能器电端并联而成，根据梅森(Mason)等效电路模型以及由其延伸的混合场等效电路模型，推导出整个扇形换能器的导纳矩阵和频率响应，其中采用复阻抗模型考虑了叉指电极与自由表面的阻抗不连续的因素。本方法能够模拟指间反射、三次行程、指条寄生阻抗以及外围电路等对器件性能的影响；理论模拟与实验结果吻合。     

固态金属中声子热传递的分子动力学模拟研究

固态金属中的热传递是声子和自由电子共同作用的结果。自由电子引起的热导率可以通过电导率,利用Wiedemann-Franz定律得到,声子引起的热导率目前仍然不能进行实验测量,只能借助其他方法来研究。本文采用非平衡分子动力学(NEMD)方法,用镶嵌原子方法(EAM)势能模型,模拟计算了不同厚度(1.760-10.56nm)金属镍薄膜中由于声子-声子作用引起的热导率。然后根据纳米厚度金属薄膜的热导率借助关联式推到宏观尺度下由于声子-声子作用引起的热导率。结果表明,对于纳米厚度金属薄膜,由于声子-声子作用引起的热导率比块体金属镍的热导率小一个数量级;薄膜厚度越小,声子-声子作用引起的热导率越小;对于块体金属镍,由于声子-声子作用引起的热导率约占其总热导率的33.0%左右。     

Longitudinal leaky surface acoustic wave on Y-rotated cut quartz substrates

The properties of Quasi-longitudinal leaky surface acoustic wave(QLLSAW) on Y-rotated cut quartz substrates were presented. The phase velocity of QLLSAW on the quartz substrate along some orientations can be up from 6200 m/s to 7100 m/s, circa 100% above that of regular SAW. Both theoretical and experimental results show that QLLSAW propagating along some promising orientations for SAW devices are of small power flow angle and low tem-perature coefficient, for example, along the Euler angle (0°155.25°? 42°?, the measurements of phase velocity and temperature coefficient of delay of QLLSAW are 6201 m/s and 12.9 ppm/℃. The experimental results show that QLLSAW had little absorption by liquid loading on the substrate surface, which proved that the direction of particle motion is the same as wave vector and parallel to the surface of the substrates, i.e., the wave is of the properties of longitudinal wave.     

Effects of External Electric Field on Ferroelectric Superlattice with Two Alternating Layers

The effects of the external electric field on the ferroelectric superlattice with two alternating layers have been studied using the transverse Ising model based on the effective-field theory with the differential technique. The hysteresis loops and susceptibility of the system have been given. The stronger the external electric field, the smaller the susceptibility, reflecting that the polarization is weaker.     

高能、超短脉冲、可调谐激光器用掺镱氟磷酸盐玻璃研究进展

Yb^3 与其它稀土离子相比有最简单的能级结构，这使它具有一些独特的性质，如避免激发态吸收，消除上转换和浓度猝灭等，因此它是高能输出激光器介质的理想掺杂离子。氟磷玻璃综合了氟化物玻璃和磷酸盐玻璃的优点，可降低磷酸盐的声子能量，改善其易吸湿性；提高氟化物玻璃的物理化学性能等，这使它成为稀土掺杂可调谐光纤激光器的很好的掺杂介质。众多研究表明，Yb^3 掺杂氟磷玻璃是一种很有前途的激光工作物质。本文总结了Yb^3 掺杂氟磷玻璃的特点，性质，结构及存在的问题。     

达草灭对莱茵衣藻(Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) 品系遗传后效应的研究

通过将莱菌衣藻（Chlamydomonas reinhardtii）6种达草灭抗性突变株分别与野生型株、丧失合成叶绿素b能力的cbnI-43等基因突变株和精氨酸依赖型突变株杂交对其后代进行四分析与随机分析，发现在Nfr-4-Nfr-7突变株中达草灭抗性状只有单一核基因遗传的性质，而在Nfr-1、Nfr-3～Nfr-7抗性株的抗性性状都是由同一个nfr-1基因（norflurazon resisanse）的突变所决定的，而Nfr-4抗性株的抗性性状是由另一滚突变等位基因nfr-2所决定的。在Nfr-1和Nfr-3抗性株中除了nfr-1基因的突变还有nfr-3基因突变的参与。     

从电子上看康普顿效应

在康普顿效应中，散射光子与入射光子的频率不同，但在电子静止的参考系，可以证明光子的频率在碰撞前后相同。