Dielectric Performance of Porous Methyl Silsesquioxane/Triacetyl-β-Cyclodextrin Thin Films

Porous methyl silsesquioxane thin films with low dielectric constant are successfully synthesized by means of the sol-gel spin-coating method. The precursor solutions are prepared by properly mixing the polymer as a matrix with different contents of triacetyl-β-cyclodextrin （TABCD） as a porogen. The chemical structure, dielectric constants, optical constants and void fraction are investigated by the ellipsometric porosimetry, Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy, and other methods. Influences of TABCD and methyl trimethoxysilane （MTMS） on the dielectric properties are discussed. For those samples with higher porogen loading, orientation and electronic polarizations are lower in low and high frequency regions, respectively, because of a considerably smaller number of polar molecules. The FTIR results suggest that high R value （molar ratio of H2 O to MTMS） is more advantageous for formation of cage structures and the cage/network structural ratio increases with the increasing R value.     

乙基纤维素三甲硅基衍生物膜的结构表征与氧氮渗透行为

气体分离膜是近年发展起来的应用前途广阔的一个领域。近年来由于非对称膜技术的开发,美国和日本已开始用硅橡胶涂复在多孔聚砜上制成PDMS-PS复合膜。PDMS是透气量最高而稳定的膜材料,但氧氮分离系数仅为2。 乙基纤维素(EC)具有机械强度高、抗热、耐寒和稳定性好等优点,是一种具有潜力的优秀膜材料。其中取代基的位置和含量对膜的性能有较大的影响。日、美等国科学家利用EC对氧氮的良好分离系数制成了中孔纤维材料富氧器、EC涂复在聚二甲基硅氧     

Synthesis and Separating Performance of SAPO-44 Zeolite Membrane

A defect-free SAPO-44 zeolite membrane firmly anchored the porous α-Al2O3 plate substrate was successfully synthesized. The separating results showed that the H2/N2 and H2/CO permselectivities were higher than those of the corresponding Knudsen diffusion and the substrate, attaining 5.78 and 7.15 respectively.     

含亚钴配合物高分子膜的表征及氧氮分离性能考察

本文叙述了三种亚钴配合物的合成并将它们均相分散于高分子材料［如果砜（ＰＳｕ），乙基纤维素（ＥＣ），和丙烯腈－丁二烯－苯乙烯共聚物（ＡＢＳ）］中制备成膜，采用红外（ＩＲ），紫外－可见光－近红外（ＵＶ—Ｖｉｓ—ＮＩＲ），电子顺磁共振（ＥＰＲ）及Ｘ射线光电子能谱法（ＸＰＳ）等对亚钴配合物在膜中的存在形式进行了表征，并考察了它们的气体透过行为．     

煤热解挥发物对炼焦煤塑性体渗透性的调控研究

本研究以低挥发分烟煤C1和高挥发分烟煤C2为研究对象（以下煤样简称为C1和C2）,引入褐煤L1和C2在两个温度下热解脱除部分挥发物的半焦作为对照,设计单种煤、混合煤/半焦和分层渗透性实验,结合热重和基式流动度分析,揭示了炼焦煤塑性体渗透性受挥发物释放行为的影响。研究结果表明,低挥发分烟煤C1存在塑性体低渗透性平台期,高挥发分烟煤C2塑性体的渗透性达到最低值后迅速改善,挥发物传质驱动力和阻力的差异导致了两种煤塑性体渗透性的差异;C2会增强挥发物的传质驱动力且热解后半焦颗粒成为塑性体惰性组分,同时也提供部分可转移氢,既改善塑性体渗透性又不破坏其稳定性;软化温度前C2释放的富氢挥发物促进C1塑性体低渗透性的形成并达到最大值;热塑性温区内C2释放的挥发物帮助维持C1塑性体的低渗透性平台期;延长C2挥发物反应消耗部分富氢挥发物,有利于改善C1塑性体的渗透性。     

脂质体电动色谱用于预测皮肤渗透性的定量保留活性关系的建立

脂质体电动色谱 （Liposome electrokinetic chromatography,LEKC）是一种简单快速的评价药物与生物膜相互作用的方法。本文建立了脂质体电动色谱作为高通量筛选皮肤渗透性的体外分析方法。将脂质体电动色谱中保留因子的对数值（log k）作为自变量建立了定量保留活性关系式。采用SPSS分析软件对于16种结构不同的化合物进行分析,结果表明log k与皮肤渗透性常数线性相关性良好( R²=0.886)。采用交互验证评价了该模型的预测能力。在定量保留活性关系中的一个变量和传统定量构效关系中的三个变量可解释的能力( R² =0.704)相似。文中建立的定量保留活性关系模型对于新化合物早期的筛选可提供一种有效快捷的方法。     

相转化纳滤膜的膜材料结构设计及调控策略

非溶剂致相分离技术由于其制膜工艺简便且对膜结构调控手段多样化,在制备高通量、具有选择性筛分特性的纳滤膜上具有显著优势。然而如何进一步提升相转化纳滤膜的分离精度及渗透系数,仍受国内外学者广泛关注。本文首先系统阐述了相转化过程中,铸膜液热力学性质及成膜动力学对膜结构及性能的影响机理。其次总结了传统膜材料,如聚砜、聚醚砜等材料在纳滤膜制备中的研究进展。然后重点分析了两亲性嵌段共聚物材料的特点及在相转化纳滤膜制备中的突出优势。最后,本文展望未来制备高性能相转化纳滤膜的发展方向。     

Viscoelastic BISQ Model for Low-Permeability Sandstone with Clay

A modified BISQ （Blot/Squirt） model for wave propagation in low-permeability sandstone is developed by introducing the viscoelastic mechanism of a porous skeleton into Dvorkin＇s model. The linear viscoelasticity of the Kelvin Voigt constitutive law is employed to describe the stress-strain relation of a solid frame with clay while the ultrasonic waves propagate through the fluid-saturated sandstone. The phase velocity and attenuation of two p-waves are given based on the present BISQ model. The comparisons between numerical results and experimental data indicate that our viscoelastic model is more realistic and feasible for wave propagation in the low-permeability sandstone, especially with clay, than traditional BISQ models.     

PAMAM包覆脂质体的制备、表征及作为眼部递药载体的评价

制备了树枝状聚合物聚酰胺-胺2代和3代(PAMAM G2, PAMAM G3)包覆的葛根素(Puerarin, PUE)脂质体, 考察了脂质体包覆前后的粒径、Zeta电位的变化及包覆率和体外释放特性. 用异硫氰酸荧光素(FITC)标记PAMAM, 采用透射电镜和激光扫描共聚焦显微镜分别观察了PAMAM包覆脂质体和FITC-PAMAM包覆脂质体的形态. 采用改进的Valia-Chien扩散池及兔离体角膜评价了脂质体包覆前后角膜的药物渗透特性, 分别考察了脂质体包覆前后的角膜前滞留时间、角膜残留药量和角膜水化值. 研究结果表明, 包覆后的脂质体粒径略有增加, 但没有显著差异, Zeta电位由负变正, 并且随PAMAM比例的增加而增加. 透射电镜和激光扫描共聚焦显微镜观察结果显示, PAMAM能较好地包覆于脂质体表面. PAMAM G2的包覆率明显比PAMAM G3高. 包覆前后的脂质体释药特性相似, 均具有明显的缓释作用. PAMAM包覆PUE脂质体后, 与PUE水溶液和未包覆PUE脂质体相比, 其PUE离体兔角膜表观渗透系数、角膜前滞留时间及角膜残留药量均明显增加, 并具有显著差异, 其中PAMAM G3包覆脂质体优于PAMAM G2包覆脂质体. 水化值检测结果表明, PAMAM包覆PUE脂质体对角膜的刺激性不明显.     

Plane strain consolidation of soil layer with anisotropic permeability

This paper presents an alternative analytical technique to study a plane strain consolidation of a poroelastic soil by taking into account the anisotropy of permeability. From the governing equations of a saturated poroelastic soil, the relationship of basic variables for a point of a soil layer is established between the ground surface （z=0） and the depth z in the Laplace-Fourier transform domain. Combined with the boundary conditions, an exact solution is derived for plane strain Biot＇s consolidation of a finite soil layer with anisotropic permeability in the transform domain. Numerical inversions of the Laplace transform and the Fourier transform are adopted to obtain the actual solution in the physical domain. Numerical results of plane strain Biot＇s consolidation for a single soil layer show that the anisotropic of permeability has a great influence on the consolidation behavior of the soils.