We study the problem concerning the influence of indices of maximal subgroups of a simple group on the structure of a group. We obtain a characterization property of all finite simple groups. 相似文献
It is shown explicitly how self-similar graphs can be obtained as `blow-up' constructions of finite cell graphs . This yields a larger family of graphs than the graphs obtained by discretising continuous self-similar fractals.
For a class of symmetrically self-similar graphs we study the simple random walk on a cell graph , starting at a vertex of the boundary of . It is proved that the expected number of returns to before hitting another vertex in the boundary coincides with the resistance scaling factor.
Using techniques from complex rational iteration and singularity analysis for Green functions, we compute the asymptotic behaviour of the -step transition probabilities of the simple random walk on the whole graph. The results of Grabner and Woess for the Sierpinski graph are generalised to the class of symmetrically self-similar graphs, and at the same time the error term of the asymptotic expression is improved. Finally, we present a criterion for the occurrence of oscillating phenomena of the -step transition probabilities.
For G a finite group, πe(G) denotes the set of orders of elements in G. If Ω is a subset of the set of natural numbers, h(Ω) stands for the number of isomorphism classes of finite groups with the same set Ω of element orders. We say that G is k-distinguishable if h(πe(G)) = k < ∞, otherwise G is called non-distinguishable. Usually, a 1-distinguishable group is called a characterizable group. It is shown that if M is a sporadic simple group different from M12, M22, J2, He, Suz, McL and O′N, then Aut(M) is characterizable by its element orders. It is also proved that if M is isomorphic to M12, M22, He, Suz or O′N, then h(πe(Aut(M))) ∈¸ {1,∞}. 相似文献
Under certain constraints on the characteristic of a field , the commutative standard enveloping q-algebra >B of a commutative triple system A over is defined. It is proved that(1) if the algebra B is simple, then the system A is simple;(2) if the system A is simple, then B either is simple or decomposes into the direct sum of two isomorphic simple subalgebras (as of ideals). 相似文献
G. Grätzer and F. Wehrung introduced the lattice tensor product, A?B, of the lattices Aand B. In Part I of this paper, we showed that for any finite lattice A, we can "coordinatize" A?B, that is, represent A?,B as a subset A of BA, and provide an effective criteria to recognize the A-tuples of elements of B that occur in this representation. To show the utility of this coordinatization, we prove, for a finite lattice A and a bounded lattice B, the isomorphism Con A ≌ (Con A)B>, which is a special case of a recent result of G. Grätzer and F. Wehrung and a generalization of a 1981 result of G. Grätzer, H. Lakser, and R.W. Quackenbush. 相似文献
We introduce the notion of tracial topological rank for C*-algebras.In the commutative case, this notion coincides with the coveringdimension. Inductive limits of C*-algebrasof the form PMn(C(X))P,where X is a compact metric space with dim Xk, and P is aprojection in Mn(C(X)), have tracial topological rank no morethan k. Non-nuclear C*-algebras can have small tracial topologicalrank. It is shown that if A is a simple unital C*-algebra withtracial topological rank k (< ), then
(i) A is quasidiagonal,
(ii) A has stable rank 1,
(iii) A has weakly unperforatedK0(A),
(iv) A has the following Fundamental Comparabilityof Blackadar:if p, qA are two projections with (p) < (q)for all tracialstates on A, then pq
In 1987, Teirlinckproved that if t and are two integers such that v t(mod(t + 1)!(2t+1) and v t + 1 >0, then there exists a t - (v, t + 1, (t + 1)!(2t+1)) design. We prove that if there exists a (t+1)-(v,k,)design and a t-(v-1,k-2, (k-t-1)/(v-k+1))design with t 2, then there exists a t-(v+1,k, (v-t+1)(v-t)/(v-k+1)(k-t))design. Using this recursive construction, we prove that forany pair (t,n) of integers (t 2and n 0), there exists a simple non trivial t-(v,k,) design having an automorphism groupisomorphic to n2. 相似文献
Define a ringA to be RRF (respectively LRF) if every right (respectively left)A-module is residually finite. We determine the necessary and sufficient conditions for a formal triangular matrix ring
to be RRF (respectively LRF). Using this we give examples of RRF rings which are not LRF. 相似文献