On coordinate transformation and grid stretching for sparse grid pricing of basket options

We evaluate two coordinate transformation techniques in combination with grid stretching for pricing basket options in a sparse grid setting. The sparse grid technique is a basic technique for solving a high-dimensional partial differential equation. By creating a small hypercube sub-grid in the ‘composite’ sparse grid we can also determine hedge parameters accurately. We evaluate these techniques for multi-asset examples with up to five underlying assets in the basket.     

手机广告链中移动运营商的努力动机研究与仿真

建立了由单手机广告主、手机广告代理商和移动运营商构成的三级广告产业链之间的基于协作的收益共享契约模型,分析了在以移动运营商为主导的手机广告链中,移动运营商的努力动机受收益共享和努力成本补偿参数的影响.采用量化分析和模拟仿真结合的方法,得出契约参数只有在满足一定条件下,移动运营商所做出的最优努力水平投入决策,将使得整个手机产业链收益最大化,实现多方共赢.     

Callable risky perpetual debt with protection period

Issuances in the USD 260 Bn global market of perpetual risky debt are often motivated by capital requirements for financial institutions. We analyze callable risky perpetual debt emphasizing an initial protection (‘grace’) period before the debt may be called. The total market value of debt including the call option is expressed as a portfolio of perpetual debt and barrier options with a time dependent barrier. We also analyze how an issuer’s optimal bankruptcy decision is affected by the existence of the call option by using closed-form approximations. The model quantifies the increased coupon and the decreased initial bankruptcy level caused by the embedded option. Examples indicate that our closed form model produces reasonably precise coupon rates compared to numerical solutions. The credit-spread produced by our model is in a realistic order of magnitude compared to market data.     

具有跳扩散的美式期权二叉树计算格式的收敛速率

American put option with jump-diffusion can be modelled as a vari- ational inequality problem with an integral term.Under the stability condition (σ~2Δt)/(Δx~2)≤1,whereΔx=ln(S_n 1)/(S_n),the convergence rate O((Δx)~(2/3) (Δt)~(1/3))of the explicit finite scheme for this problem is obtained by using penalization technique. The binomial tree scheme of this model,which is equivalent to the explicit scheme, is convergent by the same rate.     

一类客户预订商品的最优契约设计模型

在假设厂商不会违约的前提下,建立了预订商品最优契约设计模型,讨论了定金优化选择问题.模型指出最优的定金ω-恰是厂商所售产品的利润,而主合同中规定客户购买该产品续交的资金ω恰为产品的成本c.最后指出,厂商向客户提供预订服务能够增加交易的总剩余,提高市场交易的福利.     

Pricing American Asian options with higher moments in the underlying distribution

We develop a modified Edgeworth binomial model with higher moment consideration for pricing American Asian options. With lognormal underlying distribution for benchmark comparison, our algorithm is as precise as that of Chalasani et al. [P. Chalasani, S. Jha, F. Egriboyun, A. Varikooty, A refined binomial lattice for pricing American Asian options, Rev. Derivatives Res. 3 (1) (1999) 85–105] if the number of the time steps increases. If the underlying distribution displays negative skewness and leptokurtosis as often observed for stock index returns, our estimates can work better than those in Chalasani et al. [P. Chalasani, S. Jha, F. Egriboyun, A. Varikooty, A refined binomial lattice for pricing American Asian options, Rev. Derivatives Res. 3 (1) (1999) 85–105] and are very similar to the benchmarks in Hull and White [J. Hull, A. White, Efficient procedures for valuing European and American path-dependent options, J. Derivatives 1 (Fall) (1993) 21–31]. The numerical analysis shows that our modified Edgeworth binomial model can value American Asian options with greater accuracy and speed given higher moments in their underlying distribution.     

跳扩散模型下的欧式障碍期权的定价

本文在标的资产价格服从跳扩散模型的假设下,运用Girsanov定理获得了价格过程的等价鞅测度,用期权定价的鞅方法得出障碍期权的定价公式.     

防范道德风险的博弈分析和契约设计

运用不完全信息动态博弈的理论，建立了一个防范道德风险的博弈模型．给出了该博弈的精炼贝叶斯纳什均衡．在此基础上给出了基于最优博弈策略的契约的具体形式。而这种基于博弈论的契约可以克服有成本的状态验证模型(CSV)及经典激励理论中承诺的可信性问题。     

均衡信贷配给的期权定价分析

本文基于期权定价的视角分析信贷配给，以一条全新的思路阐释均衡信贷配给的成因及特征，并试图得出些许启示。     

Prices and sensitivities of Asian options: A survey

Asian options are hard to price both analytically and numerically. Even though they have been the focus of much attention in recent years, there is no single technique which is widely accepted to price Asian options for all choices of market parameters. For hedging purposes, the estimation of the price sensitivities is often as important as the evaluation of the prices themselves. This paper provides a survey of current methods for pricing Asian options and computing their sensitivities to the key input parameters. The methods discussed include: Monte Carlo simulation, the finite difference approach and various quasi analytical approaches and approximations. We discuss practical numerical issues that arise in implementing these methods. The paper compares the accuracy and efficiency of the different approaches and offers some general conclusions.