Minimaxity and admissibility of the product limit estimator

In this article we examine the minimaxity and admissibility of the product limit (PL) estimator under the loss function% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr% 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqaqpepeea0xe9qqVa0l% b9peea0lb9sq-JfrVkFHe9peea0dXdarVe0Fb9pgea0xa9pue9Fve9% Ffc8meGabaqaciGacaGaaeqabaWaaeaaeaaakeaacaWGmbGaaiikai% aadAeacaGGSaGabmOrayaajaGaaiykaiabg2da9maapeaabaGaaiik% aiaadAeacaGGOaGaamiDaiaacMcaaSqabeqaniabgUIiYdGccqGHsi% slceWGgbGbaKaacaGGOaGaamiDaiaacMcacaGGPaWaaWbaaSqabeaa% caaIYaaaaOGaamOramaaCaaaleqabaaccmGae8xSdegaaOGaaiikai% aadshacaGGPaGaaiikaiaaigdacqGHsislcaWGgbGaaiikaiaadsha% caGGPaGaaiykamaaCaaaleqabaGaeqOSdigaaOGaamizaiaadEfaca% GGOaGaamiDaiaacMcaaaa!5992!\[L(F,\hat F) = \int {(F(t)} - \hat F(t))^2 F^\alpha (t)(1 - F(t))^\beta dW(t)\].To avoid some pathological and uninteresting cases, we restrict the parameter space to ={F: F(ymin) }, where (0, 1) and y ₁,...y,_n are the censoring times. Under this set up, we obtain several interesting results. When y ₁=···=y _n, we prove the following results: the PL estimator is admissible under the above loss function for , {–1, 0}; if n=1, ==–1, the PL estimator is minimax iff dW ({y})=0; and if n2, , {–1, 0}, the PL estimator is not minimax for certain ranges of . For the general case of a random right censorship model it is shown that the PL estimator is neither admissible nor minimax. Some additional results are also indicated.Partially supported by the Governor's Challenge Grant.Part of the work was done while the author was visiting William Paterson College.     

流动注射光度法测定肉制品中的亚硝酸盐

流动注射光度法测定肉制品中的亚硝酸盐许汉英＊赵志明梁春王宝东（吉林进出口商品检验局长春１３００６２）关键词肉制品，亚硝酸盐，ＦＩ－分光光度法１９９６－１１－２８收稿，１９９７－０５－２２修回食品及环境样品中亚硝酸盐的测定有分光光度法［１～３］，极谱法...     

阴极限制型Li／SOCl2电池过放电产物的热分析

Li/SOCl_2电池体系以其高比能量和优异的放电性能引起了电源界的重视。有关该体系的不安全行为曾有一些研究。本文用DSC、EDAX、XPS等方法分析了电池的反应产物和热敏性,和模拟组分对比,以图找出引起电池热失控爆炸的原因。     

On the order of the error in discretization methods for weakly singular second kind non-smooth solutions

In general, second kind Volterra integral equations with weakly singular kernels of the formk(t,s)(t –s)^– posses solutions which have discontinuous derivatives att=0. A discrete Gronwall inequality is employed to prove that, away from the origin, the error in product integration and collocation schemes for these equations is of order 2-.     

Rapid screening of inorganic and organic anions in liquid by‐products from hydrothermal treatment of biomass by capillary electrophoresis

A simple and rapid capillary electrophoresis method with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (CE‐C⁴D) for the simultaneous determination of inorganic and organic anions in liquid product obtained from the hydrothermal treatment of biomass residues is presented. Under the optimal analytical conditions, limits of detection ranged from 1.8 to 9.4 μM for most target solutes and 53 μM for citrate. Relative standard deviations were below 0.5% for migration times and within 0.6–6.5% for peak areas for all solutes. The proposed method was successfully applied for the rapid determination and screening of inorganic and organic anions in liquid product produced following differing hydrothermal treatment temperatures for banana and pineapple biomass, and the contribution of organic acid formation to acidity in the liquid was evaluated. CE‐C⁴D could be a suitable method for the optimization or tailoring of HTT conditions for desired liquid product composition, and additionally for determination of the best variety(s) of biomass to use in such processes.     

Identification of novel sesterterpenes by genome mining of phytopathogenic fungi Phoma and Colletotrichum sp.

Two homologous gene clusters for the biosynthesis of sesterterpenes betaestacins were identified from two phytopathogens, Phoma betae and Colletotrichum orbiculare. Heterologous expression of identified oxidation enzymes with previously-characterized PbTS1 (BtcA_Pb) resulted in the production of seven novel sesterterpenes. Although both strains possessed homologous enzymes, oxidation state of corresponding products were different from each other, suggesting that structural diversification of sesterterpene skeletons might be achieved by these homologous enzymes with different functions.     

Formal total synthesis of (−)-hamigeran B from a chemo-enzymatically prepared building block with quaternary chiral center

A formal total synthesis of (?)-hamigeran B was achieved in 17 steps from commercially available ethyl 2-oxocyclopentanecarboxylate. Carbonyl reductase-catalyzed asymmetric reduction and the subsequent chemical transformations furnished an enantiomerically pure synthetic intermediate, (R)-5-formyl-2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclopent-1-en-1-yl trifluoromethylsulfonate. Suzuki-Miyaura coupling with Gao's arylboronate [2-(2-formyl-3-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane], under PdCl₂(dppf)?CH₂Cl₂ catalysis, and the subsequent cyclization by way of intramolecular reductive SmI₂-mediated 1,2-diol formation provided a tricyclic skeleton with a tetrasubstituted double bond between C-1 and C-9b. Upon hydrogenation of this double bond, the proper stereochemistry of the remaining chiral centers was established. Exclusive addition of the hydrogen atom from the β-face occurred, owing to the shielding of the α-face with a bulky TBS protective group on the C-4 alcohol. The hydrogenation products were transformed into Clive's synthetic precursor for (?)-hamigeran B.     

Cascade reactions leading to the mechanism of action of vinaxanthone and xanthofulvin,natural products that drive nerve repair

The natural products vinaxanthone and xanthofulvin promote regeneration in animal models of spinal cord injury and corneal transplant. However, inhibition of the initially described biological target of these compounds, semaphorin 3A, does not fully account for the recovery demonstrated in vivo following administration of the natural products. Through chemical synthesis substantial quantities of both natural products have been accessed with early reaction development paving the way for synthesizing both compounds. The success of a model system, first disclosed herein, translated to the syntheses of both natural products. Following from this we also report for the first time the discovery of a new target of the natural products, the succinate receptor 1 (SUCNR1). Both natural products function as positive allosteric modulators of SUCNR1. As the first known allosteric modulators of SUCNR1, the compounds represent powerful new tools to understand the pharmacology of SUCNR1 and its control of growth and cellular defense.     

光促进的山道年重排反应在复杂萜类天然产物全合成中的应用

萜类化合物在自然界中广泛存在,其中倍半萜内酯广泛存在于各种药用植物中,是许多传统中草药的主要活性成分,然而这类化合物的化学全合成却极具挑战性.山道年是一种廉价的可再生资源,且光促进的山道年重排反应是一种构建愈创木内酯骨架的高效方法,在萜类天然产物合成中得到广泛应用.就光促进的山道年重排在复杂萜类天然产物的合成工作进行简单的概述,主要包括倍半萜内酯及其寡聚物全合成以及个别二萜天然产物的骨架合成研究.     

Palladium‐Catalyzed Formal [4+2] Cycloaddition of Benzoic and Acrylic Acids with 1,3‐Dienes via C—H Bond Activation: Efficient Access to 3,4‐Dihydroisocoumarin and 5,6‐Dihydrocoumalins

We report a palladium‐catalyzed formal intermolecular [4+2] cycloaddition of benzoic and acrylic acids with 1,3‐dienes including the stock chemicals 1,3‐butadiene and isoprene leading to synthetically useful 3,4‐dihydroisocoumarins and 5,6‐dihydrocoumalins. Stepwise C—H bond cleavage and annulation are likely involved in the reaction pathway. The synthetic potential of the methodology was demonstrated by two short derivatizations and total synthesis of natural product Clausamine B.