观赏南瓜色素的提取及性质研究

对观赏南瓜色素的提取及性质进行了初步的探索,研究了光、温度、pH、氧化剂、还原剂、常用的食品添加剂对色素的影响.结果表明:观赏南瓜色素对光和热都比较稳定;适宜在pH值4-12之间使用;耐氧化性和耐还原性均较好;Vc对色素有一定的消色作用;柠檬酸三钠对色素有增色作用;色素对常用的食品添加剂有较强稳定性.     

Laguerre expansion on the Heisenberg group and Fourier-Bessel transform on C~n Dedicated to Professor Sheng GONG on the occasion of his 75th birthday

Given a principal value convolution on the Heisenberg group Hn = Cn×R, we study the relation between its Laguerre expansion and the Fourier-Bessel expansion of its limit on Cn. We also calculate the Dirichlet kernel for the Laguerre expansion on the group Hn.     

Surface morphology for ion-beam sputtered Al layer with varying sputtering conditions

We study the growth morphology of thin macrostructure films which is known to be largely affected by the deposition conditions as thin film nucleation and formation is dependent on the kinetic energy and chemical free energy of the atoms. The ion-beam sputtering technique used for depositing thin layers is due to the advantage over other techniques, e.g. the independent control of many process parameters, such as the pressure and/or the energy of the ion-beam and the substrate temperature. Therefore, the dependence of various sputtering parameters such as: (i) sputtering pressure and/or the rate of deposition and (ii) the effect of substrate temperature on the growth has been studied by depositing a single layer of Al. The variations show some interesting dependencies on the structural parameters for the Al layer deposited which has been understood in terms of thin film growth and nucleation theory.     

关于一类具有相同非负群逆和M-P逆的非负矩阵的进一步研究

1引言设A是n阶非负方阵．设矩阵方程(1)AXA=A,(2)XAX=X,(3)(AX)~T= AX,(4)(XA)~T=XA,(5)AX=XA．A具有非负广义逆是指存在非负方阵X满足方程(1)～(4),并记为A~(?)．A具有非负群逆是指存在非负方阵X满足方程(1),(2),(5),并记为A~#．在A~(?)存在的前提下,两者相同的充分必要条件有(a)AA~(?)=A~(?)A；(b)A~(?)=p(A),其     

Vibrational dynamics of fullerene molecules adsorbed on metal surfaces studied with synchrotron infrared radiation

Infrared (IR) spectroscopy of chemisorbed C₆₀ on Ag (111), Au (110) and Cu (100) reveals that a non-IR-active mode becomes active upon adsorption, and that its frequency shifts proportionally with the charge transferred from the metal to the molecule by about 5 cm^-1 per electron. The temperature dependence of the frequency and the width of this IR feature have also been followed for C₆₀/Cu (100) and were found to agree well with a weak anharmonic coupling (dephasing) to a low-frequency mode, which we suggest to be the frustrated translational mode of the adsorbed molecules. Additionally, the adsorption is accompanied by a broadband reflectance change, which is interpreted as due to the scattering of conduction electrons of the metal surface by the adsorbate. The reflectance change allows determination of the friction coefficient of the C₆₀ molecules, which results in rather small values (∼2×10⁹ s^-1 for Ag and Au, and ∼1.6×10⁹ s^-1for Cu), consistent with a marked metallic character of the adsorbed molecules. Pre-dosing of alkali atoms onto the metal substrates drastically changes the IR spectra recorded during subsequent C₆₀ deposition: anti-absorption bands, as well as an increase of the broadband reflectance, occur and are interpreted as due to strong electron–phonon coupling with induced surface states. Received: 6 June 2001 / Accepted: 23 October 2001 / Published online: 3 April 2002     

An optodynamic method for the real-time determination of the depth of a laser-drilled hole

An experimental method for determining the real-time depth of laser-drilled holes is presented. The proposed method involves detecting the laser-induced optoacoustic waves generated during the interaction of the laser beam with the material. Our optodynamic study involved measuring the propagation times of these waves as they traveled through the material and analyzing their temporal behavior during the drilling process. The experimental observations revealed an exponential relationship between the propagation time of the longitudinal stress wave and the number of consecutive laser pulses. Received: 25 October 2001 / Accepted: 27 October 2001 / Published online: 20 December 2001     

The orientation-selective growth of LaNiO3 films on Si(100) by pulsed laser deposition using a MgO buffer

Highly (100)-oriented, (110)-oriented and polycrystalline LaNiO₃ (LNO) films were successfully prepared on Si(100) using an oriented MgO film as a buffer. It was somewhat surprising to find that that the orientation relation between the LNO film and the corresponding MgO buffer was: LNO(100)\MgO(110), LNO(110)\MgO(111) and LNO(polycrystalline)\MgO(100). The crystalline quality of the LNO films was shown to be sensitive to the preparation conditions of the MgO buffer. The film surface was very smooth, without micrometer-sized droplets being observed. All LNO films were of metallic conductivity, with a room-temperature resistivities of approximately 250, 280 and 420 μΩ cm for the (110)-oriented, (100)-oriented and polycrystalline LNO, respectively. Received: 2 April 2001 / Accepted: 23 October 2001 / Published online: 3 June 2002     

Ground-state properties of LiV2O4 and Li1-xZnx(V1-yTiy)2O4

We present susceptibility, microwave resistivity, NMR and heat-capacity results for Li_1-xZn_x(V_1-yTi_y)₂O₄ with 0 ? x ? 0.3 and 0 ? y ? 0.3. For all doping levels the susceptibility curves can be fitted with a Curie-Weiss law. The paramagnetic Curie-Weiss temperatures remain negative with an average value close to that of the pure compound Θ≈ - 36 K. Spin-glass anomalies are observed in the susceptibility, heat-capacity and NMR measurements for both type of dopants. From the temperature dependence of the spin-lattice relaxation rate we found critical-dynamic behavior in the Zn doped compounds at the freezing temperatures. For the Ti-doped samples two successive freezing transitions into disordered low-temperature states can be detected. The temperature dependence of the heat capacity for Zn-doped compounds does not resemble that of canonical spin glasses and only a small fraction of the total vanadium entropy is frozen at the spin-glass transitions. For pure LiV₂O₄ the spin-glass transition is completely suppressed. The temperature dependence of the heat capacity for LiV₂O₄ can be described using a nuclear Schottky contribution and the non-Fermi liquid model, appropriate for a system close to a spin-glass quantum critical point. Finally an ( x / y , T )-phase diagram for the low-doping regime is presented. Received 16 March 2001 and Received in final form 30 October 2001     

Time delay as a key to apoptosis induction in the p53 network

A feedback mechanism that involves the proteins p53 and mdm2, induces cell death as a controlled response to severe DNA damage. A minimal model for this mechanism demonstrates that the response may be dynamic and connected with the time needed to translate the mdm2 protein. The response takes place if the dissociation constant k between p53 and mdm2 varies from its normal value. Although it is widely believed that it is an increase in k that triggers the response, we show that the experimental behaviour is better described by a decrease in the dissociation constant. The response is quite robust upon changes in the parameters of the system, as required by any control mechanism, except for few weak points, which could be connected with the onset of cancer. Received 8 May 2002 / Received in final form 9 July 2002 Published online 17 September 2002