A one-dimensional version of the random interlacements

We base ourselves on the construction of the two-dimensional random interlacements (Comets et al., 2016) to define the one-dimensional version of the process. For this, we consider simple random walks conditioned on never hitting the origin. We compare this process to the conditional random walk on the ring graph. Our results are the convergence of the vacant set on the ring graph to the vacant set of one-dimensional random interlacements, a central limit theorem for the interlacements’ local time and the convergence in law of the local times of the conditional walk on the ring graph to the interlacements’ local times.     

An infinite family of cubic nonnormal Cayley graphs on nonabelian simple groups

We construct a connected cubic nonnormal Cayley graph on ${\mathrm{A}}_{2^m?1}$ for each integer $m?4$ and determine its full automorphism group. This is the first infinite family of connected cubic nonnormal Cayley graphs on nonabelian simple groups.     

Pentavalent symmetric graphs admitting transitive non-abelian characteristically simple groups

Let $\Gamma$ be a graph and let $G$ be a group of automorphisms of $\Gamma$. The graph $\Gamma$ is called $G$-normal if $G$ is normal in the automorphism group of $\Gamma$. Let $T$ be a finite non-abelian simple group and let $G=T^l$ with $l\ge 1$. In this paper we prove that if every connected pentavalent symmetric $T$-vertex-transitive graph is $T$-normal, then every connected pentavalent symmetric $G$-vertex-transitive graph is $G$-normal. This result, among others, implies that every connected pentavalent symmetric $G$-vertex-transitive graph is $G$-normal except $T$ is one of 57 simple groups. Furthermore, every connected pentavalent symmetric $G$-regular graph is $G$-normal except $T$ is one of 20 simple groups, and every connected pentavalent $G$-symmetric graph is $G$-normal except $T$ is one of 17 simple groups.     

序半群Quantale完备化的进一步结果

本文给出了序半群上幂集Quantale的最大拓扑闭包的具体形式,即序半群的最小Quantale完备化.在此基础上,证明了Quantale范畴Quant是序半群范畴OSGrp*的满的反射子范畴.最后,给出了序半群Quantale完备化的一个应用.     

Girard Quantale中的模糊关联滤子

在Girard Quantale中引入了模糊滤子和模糊关联滤子的概念,研究了Girard Quantale中模糊滤子和模糊关联滤子的一些性质,给出了Girard Quantale中模糊关联滤子的若干等价刻画,探讨了模糊关联滤子与模糊布尔滤子之间的关系.     

Mechanical Behavior of Bulk Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Subjected to Simple Shear

Abstract

Mechanical behavior of bulk semicrystalline poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) processed through simple shear is investigated. The equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) process was used to achieve the simple shear condition. The PET samples were processed in one and two ECAE passes in the same direction, with the sample rotated 180° about the extrusion axis for the second pass. Microstructural features at the nanometer and micrometer scales were studied by small‐angle x‐ray scattering (SAXS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SAXS results showed that at the nanometer scale, two types of lamellar orientations are induced in both samples, but with different extents of orientation. In the ECAE‐oriented PET structures on the micrometer scale, as revealed by SEM, are well‐defined macrofibrils. However, the fibrillar structures in the sample extruded once are more oriented than those in the sample extruded twice. Fractography investigations suggest that the ECAE‐induced fibrillar structure and stretched amorphous chains are responsible for the change in mechanical properties.     

Negative viscosity due to magnetic properties of a non-dilute suspension composed of ferromagnetic rod-like particles with magnetic moment normal to the particle axis

The negative viscosity of a colloidal dispersion composed of ferromagnetic rod-like particles, which have a magnetic moment normal to the particle axis, have been investigated. A simple shear flow problem has been treated to clarify the particle orientational distribution and rheological properties of such a semi-dense dispersion, under circumstances of an external magnetic field applied in the direction normal to the shear plane of a simple shear flow. The results obtained here are summarized as follows. For the cases of a very strong magnetic field and magnetic interactions between particles, the magnetic moment of the rod-like particles is significantly restricted in the magnetic field direction, so that the particle approximately aligns in the shear flow direction. Also, the particle can easily rotate around the axis of the cluster almost freely even in a simple shear flow. Characteristic orientational properties of the particle cause negative viscosity, as in the previous study for a dilute dispersion. However, magnetic particle-particle interactions have a function to make such negative viscosity decrease.     

Betti Numbers of Toric Varieties and Eulerian Polynomials

It is well known that the Eulerian polynomials, which count permutations in S _n by their number of descents, give the h-polynomial/h-vector of the simple polytopes known as permutohedra, the convex hull of the S _n -orbit for a generic weight in the weight lattice of S _n . Therefore, the Eulerian polynomials give the Betti numbers for certain smooth toric varieties associated with the permutohedra.

In this article we derive recurrences for the h-vectors of a family of polytopes generalizing this. The simple polytopes we consider arise as the orbit of a nongeneric weight, namely, a weight fixed by only the simple reflections J = {s _n , s _n?1, s _n?2,…, s _n?k+2, s _n?k+1} for some k with respect to the A _n root lattice. Furthermore, they give rise to certain rationally smooth toric varieties X(J) that come naturally from the theory of algebraic monoids. Using effectively the theory of reductive algebraic monoids and the combinatorics of simple polytopes, we obtain a recurrence formula for the Poincaré polynomial of X(J) in terms of the Eulerian polynomials.     

Some Simple Derivations of k[x,y]

It is shown that the derivation y ^r ? _x  + (xy ^s  + g)? _y , where 0 ≤ r < s are integers, is a simple derivation of k[x, y], the polynomial ring in two variables over a field k of characteristic zero.