粘弹塑性统一本构模型理论

文章在已有的统一本构模型的基础上,将粘弹性变形引入到统一本构模型之中,成功地改善了材料过渡段的变形模拟情况。通过Hastelloy-X的变形模拟及与其它统一本构模型的变形模拟比较,证明了粘弹塑性统一本构模型的合理性。     

Shear behaviour of biopolymer suspensions with spheroidal and cylindrical particles

The rheological behaviour of suspensions is influenced by many parameters, one of which is the particle shape. For rigid particle suspensions a number of studies demonstrate the effects of the particle aspect ratio. Indeed, fibres are widely used as rheology modifiers in different materials such as synthetic polymers. This work is concerned with testing the hypothesis that regularly shaped particles with aspect ratios larger than one that are made of gelled biopolymers could be used as rheology modifiers for biopolymer solutions. Biopolymers, and mixtures thereof are a widely used ingredient in foods and other products with structure functionality. Tailoring rheology modifiers by morphology offers an alternative to using different biopolymers. It is demonstrated how biopolymer suspensions with regular spheroidal, or cylindrical particle shapes can be produced by gelling the droplet phase of a liquid two phase biopolymer mixture in a shear field. Biopolymers were chosen such that gelation is initiated by cooling. Shear-cooling at constant stresses leads to the formation of ellipsoidal particles. Cylindrical particles can be generated by stepping up the shear stress prior to gelation, i.e., stretching the droplet phase into fibrils, and trapping the shape prior to break-up through gelation. Morphologies and steady shear rheological data for suspensions of the two biopolymers gellan and κ-carrageenan with an internal phase volume of 0.2 are reported. The influence of particle shape on relative viscosity is pronounced. At high shear stresses particle orientation leads to decreased viscosity with increasing particle aspect ratio. In the low shear region, higher aspect ratio suspensions show higher viscosities. Additionally, the material properties, including the interfacial tension, which influence the suspension morphology are reported. Received: 3 March 2000 Accepted: 22 August 2000     

大型轻质反射镜加工支撑状态的有限元分析研究

根据大型轻质镜加工过程中的受力情况 ,用有限元对镜子进行静力学分析和计算。分别计算了镜子的自重、磨盘正压力、磨盘剪切力等对镜面变形的影响情况。根据镜面变形规律设计了一系列支撑结构 ,最终确定了符合面形质量要求的支撑结构。     

Magnetic Field‐Induced Shape Transitions in Multiphase Polymer‐Liquid Crystal Blends

Summary: This paper presents a computational study of phase separation‐phase ordering‐texturing in blends of polymer coils and rod‐like nematic liquid crystals under the presence of magnetic fields, using an extended version of the Matsuyama‐Evans‐Cates model (Phys. Rev. E 2000 , 61, 2977). This work demonstrates that demixing in these blends leads to droplet morphologies with tunable droplet shapes and director textures. In contrast to filled nematics, where solids are suspended in a nematic liquid crystal matrix, demixing in coil‐mesogenic rods blends leads to nematic emulsions, in which the deformable viscoelastic polymer drops are suspended in a nematic matrix. Under strong anchoring conditions, the imposition of a magnetic field leads to a director re‐orientation that due to strong anchoring produces a droplet shape change. Magnetic field‐induced shape transitions in these blends are shown to be second order with a finite critical field threshold that diverges as anchoring strength vanishes. A morphological‐texture diagram summarizes the magnetic field‐anchoring conditions that promote anisotropic shapes. This work presents additional material processing routes to design and control bi‐phasic morphologies in polymer‐liquid crystal blend.

Computed morphology phase diagram in terms of magnetic field strength Λ_M and anchoring strength. Λ_ϕQ.     

圆形硐室岩爆机制及其突变理论分析

硐室岩爆机制是围岩中处于极限状态的塑性变形集中区承载能力下降时,其中完好岩体部分以弹性方式卸载,当后者释放的弹性能超过前者形变耗散的能量时便发生岩爆．以岩体等效应变为状态变量,建立了硐室岩爆的突变模型,给出岩爆释放地震能计算式．分析表明: 岩爆发生条件与岩体的升降模量比及岩体裂隙发育程度有关;对于特定冲击倾向的岩体,存在相应的临界软化区深度,当满足岩爆发生条件,且软化区深度达到临界深度时会发生岩爆．     

索结构的静力分析

根据柔索应变与位移的非线性几何关系以及自重作用与温度影响下的平衡方程,采用Euler描述的坐标系统精确地求得了各点的位移和张力的一般解．由索结构静力问题建立的非线性代数方程组应用改进的Powell混合算法编制的高精度DNEQNF程序直接进行求解A·D2在例题中计算了由3根索被一竖直弹簧支撑在一起的索结构,并与其他学者用不同方法得到的结果进行对比．     

Unsymmetrical large deformation problem of orthotropic plates

Based upon the theory of ardsotropic plates, the unsymmetrical large deformation equations of orthotropic circular plates were derived. By using Fourier series, the partial differential equations of this problem can be transformed into sets of nonlinear differential equations . And the procedure to solve the problem using the iterative method is given .     

地下结构变形速度在抗爆结构分析中的作用

在地下抗爆结构动力计算中,结构变形速度的作用是非常突出的.考虑结构变形速度的作用,所建立的结构体系运动微分方程可以真实地描述结构振动的实际情况.文中通过一维平面波理论,导出了作用在结构周边上的荷载表达式,给出了地下曲杆结构动力分析的广义变分原理,同时还进行了数值计算结构的对比分析.     

Exact periodic wave and soliton solutions in two-component Bose--Einstein condensates

We present several families of exact solutions to a system of coupled nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equations. The model describes a binary mixture of two Bose--Einstein condensates in a magnetic trap potential. Using a mapping deformation method, we find exact periodic wave and soliton solutions, including bright and dark soliton pairs.     

单壁碳纳米管拉伸变形的原子尺度模拟

The molecular dynamics method was adopted to investigate the tension deformation for SWCNTs with different chiralities and radius. The results show that nanotubes have an extremely large breaking strain. Carbon nanotubes are completely ductile before their structural defects appear. Through tracing the evolution of the spacial configuration of a micro structural cell of SWCNTs, it is found that the torsion deformation results in the change of structural symmetry. Thus the load is no longer well distributed. The structural defects will occur with further loading. The systematic energy change of SWCNTs is observed. It can be seen that there is a structural transformation around the initial vacancy defects when the axial tension strain reaches a certain value. The two adjacent hexagons change to one pentagon and one heptagon (also called the Stone Wales transformation). The 5 7 configuration makes strain energy release, and the systematic energy falls. This configuration is more preferable from the viewpoint of the energy. The results also show that fewer defects have weak influence on the mechanical properties of SWCNTs under the present initial vacancy defect condition.